After Joseph Stalin's death, an emphasis on shared leadership emerged.

Stalin's industrialization policy was geared towards the development of heavy industry, an emphasis that facilitated Soviet military action in its defence against Hitler's invasion during the Second World War in which the USSR stood on the side of the Allies of World War II.

Stalin's death, Churchill's farewell to public life, Hillary and Tensing on Everest, Quemoy and Matsu -- all subjects for a noble anger or an accolade.

Beria's fall also led to criticism of Stalin ; the party leadership accused Beria of using Stalin, a sick and old man, to force his own will on the Soviet Union during Stalin's last days.

The Soviet orthodox Marxist tradition, influential for half a century, based itself on Joseph Stalin's pamphlet Dialectical and Historical Materialism and on textbooks issued by the " Institute of Marxism-Leninism of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ".

Stalin and his regime have been condemned on numerous occasions, the most significant being the in 1956, when Stalin's successor Nikita Khrushchev denounced his legacy and initiated a process of de-Stalinization.

It followed on the heels of the 1952 show trials of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee and the secret execution of thirteen members on Stalin's orders in the Night of the Murdered Poets.

Fewer than a third of all Russians regarded Stalin as a " murderous tyrant "; however, a Russian court in 2009, ruling on a suit by Stalin's grandson, Yevgeny Dzhugashvili, against the newspaper, Novaya Gazeta, ruled that referring to Stalin as a " bloodthirsty cannibal " was not libel.

In a Kremlin video blog posted on 29 October 2009, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev denounced the efforts of people seeking to rehabilitate Stalin's image.

* 1937 – In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.

The event was significant not only for Yugoslavia and Tito, but also for the global development of socialism, since it was the first major split between Communist states, casting doubt on Comintern's claims for socialism to be a unified force that would eventually control the whole world, as Tito became the first ( and the only successful ) socialist leader to defy Stalin's leadership in the COMINFORM.

His activities were moderated only by Joseph Stalin's fears that he was secretly on Britain's side.

When the leadership gathered at Stalin's dacha at Kuntsevo Stalin shouted at Voroshilov who replied in kind, blaming the failure on Stalin for killing the Red Army's best generals in his purges.

Stalin's death on 5 March 1953 prompted major changes in the Soviet leadership and in March 1953, Voroshilov was approved as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ( i. e., the head of state ) with Nikita Khrushchev as First Secretary of the Communist Party and Georgy Malenkov as Premier of the Soviet Union.

* Alexei Kojevnikov, Stalin's Great Science: The Times and Adventures of Soviet Physicists ( Imperial College Press, 2004 ), ISBN 1-86094-420-5 ( discusses use of Fuchs's passed on information by Soviets, based on now-declassified files )

Gottwald died on 14 March 1953, just five days after attending Stalin's funeral in Moscow on 9 March.

He was assassinated on Stalin's orders in Mexico, by Ramón Mercader, a Spanish-born Soviet agent.

In the following months, Abakumov started carrying out important operations without consulting Beria, often working in tandem with Zhdanov, and sometimes on Stalin's direct orders.

It is alleged that at this time on Stalin's orders the MGB started to prepare to deport all Soviet Jews to the Russian Far East or even massacre them.

Days after Stalin's death on 5 March, Beria freed all the arrested doctors, announced that the entire matter was fabricated, and arrested the MGB functionaries directly involved.

They arrived at Stalin's dacha at Kuntsevo at 3am on March 2 after being called by Khrushchev and Bulganin.

Beria's decision to avoid immediately calling a doctor was silently supported ( or at least not opposed ) by the rest of the Politburo, which was rudderless without Stalin's micromanagement and paralyzed by a legitimate fear he would suddenly recover and wreak violent reprisal on anyone who had dared to act without his orders.

Whether Stalin's practices actually followed the principles of Karl Marx and Lenin is still a subject of debate among historians and political scientists.

Stalin's attempts to enforce submission of its Eastern European allies to the economic and political agenda of the Soviet Union sparked opposition and rejection in Yugoslavia by Tito.

During this period of rapid economical and social changes, millions of people were sent to penal labor camps, including many political convicts who opposed Stalin's rule, and millions were deported and exiled to remote areas of the Soviet Union.

Another perspective claims that Stalin's repressive political actions were the result of him having mental illness.

After Stalin's death in 1953, his successor Nikita Khrushchev repudiated his policies, condemned Stalin's cult of personality in his Secret Speech to the Twentieth Party Congress in 1956, and instituted destalinisation and relative liberalisation ( within the same political framework ).

In his 2000 biography of the inventor, Theremin: Ether Music and Espionage, Albert Glinsky suggested the Russian had fled to escape crushing personal debts, and was then caught up in Stalin's political purges.

His first wife, Olga, was shot on 11 September 1941 on Stalin's orders, in the Medvedev forest outside Oryol, together with Christian Rakovsky, Maria Spiridonova and 160 other prominent political prisoners.

The style emerged out of the political crisis in 1956, following Stalin's death ; that same year saw the Warsaw Autumn music festival inaugurated, from whence came additional popularity for the Polish Composers ' School.

Stalin's opponents on both sides of the political spectrum chided him as undemocratic and lax on bureaucratic corruption.

The album also featured some satirical political commentary on songs like " Good Guys and Bad Guys " and " Joe Stalin's Cadillac ," the former which enjoyed some underground college radio play.

Beria, despite his record as part of Stalin's terror state, initiated a period of relative liberalization, including the release of some political prisoners.

The League disagrees, arguing that whilst divisions in the Stalinist bureaucracy like the Tito split were possible, these parties would remain bureaucratic, and while they could carry out a bureaucratic, top down, social revolution and create post-capitalist property relations, there would need to be a political revolution against them as they were a bureaucratic caste, like Joseph Stalin's in the Soviet Union.

Pieck retained his political posts due to Joseph Stalin's trust in him.

At the end of WWII and shortly after, Malenkov implemented Stalin's plan to destroy all political and cultural competition from Leningrad / St.

The League disagrees, and sees while breaks like Tito were possible, these parties would remain bureaucratic, and while they could, in order to defeat both a revolutionary workers movement and imperialism trying to remove them, proform a social revolution and create post-capitalist property relations, there would need to be a political revolution against them as they were a bureaucratic caste, like Joseph Stalin's in the Soviet Union.

Unlike the " long telegram ", Kennan's well-timed article appearing in the July 1947 issue of Foreign Affairs under the pseudonym " X ," entitled " The Sources of Soviet Conduct ," did not begin by emphasizing " traditional and instinctive Russian sense of insecurity "; instead it asserted that Stalin's policy was shaped by a combination of Marxist – Leninist ideology, which advocated revolution to defeat the capitalist forces in the outside world and Stalin's determination to use the notion of " capitalist encirclement " as a fig leaf legitimizing his regimentation of Soviet society so that he could consolidate his political power.

In 1954, a year after Stalin's death, the new Soviet government of Nikita Khrushchev began to release political prisoners and close down the camps.

He was even considered for a professorship, but his political past caught up with him, and he was forced to return to Baku .< ref > Vaksberg, < i > Stalin's Prosecutor, 22 .</ ref > Determined to practice law, he tried Moscow, where he became a successful lawyer, remained an active Menshevik, gave many passionate and incendiary speeches, and became involved in city government.

As with Khrushchev and other companions, Mikoyan in his last days wrote frank but selective memoirs from his political career during Stalin's rule.

Dubbed the Vicar of Bray of politics and known as the " Survivor " during his time, Mikoyan was one of the few Old Bolsheviks who was spared from Stalin's purges and was able to retire comfortably from political life.

Christian Rakovsky, Maria Spiridonova, Olga Kameneva and 160 other prominent political prisoners were shot on September 11, 1941 on Joseph Stalin's orders in the Medvedev forest outside Oryol.

Yezhov had accomplished Stalin's intended task for the Great Purge: the public liquidation of the last of his Old Bolshevik political rivals and the elimination of any possibility of " disloyal elements " or " fifth columnists " within the Soviet military and government prior to the onset of war with Germany.