The most surprising thing about the Twenty-second Congress of the Soviet Communist Party is that it is surprising -- perhaps quite as much, in its own way, as the Twentieth Congress of 1956, which ended with that famous `` secret '' report on Stalin.

Instead, Pasternak was told, " Comrade Stalin is busy.

Stalin is said to have crossed Pasternak's name off an execution list during the Great Purge.

Stalin is too rude, and this fault, fully tolerable in our midst and in the relations among us Communists, becomes intolerable in the office of General Secretary.

However, some documentary evidence of orders given by Stalin contradicts these accounts, leading some historians to speculate that Khrushchev's account is inaccurate.

Post – Cold War research in Soviet Archives has revealed that the Korean War was begun by Kim Il-sung with the express permission of Stalin, though this is disputed by North Korea.

The prevailing opinion of many scholars outside the Soviet Union is that Stalin intended to use the resulting doctors ' trial to launch a massive party purge.

Thereafter, in a December Politburo session, Stalin announced that " Every Jewish nationalist is the agent of the American intelligence service.

In 1946, Stalin allegedly said privately that " every Jew is a potential spy.

It is believed that Stalin felt Beria's power was too great and threatened his own.

Grutas Park is home to a monument of Stalin, originally set up in Vilnius.

According to A & E Biography, there is also a belief among some Russians that Stalin himself murdered his wife after the quarrel, which apparently took place at a dinner in which Stalin tauntingly flicked cigarettes across the table at her.

The phrase " death of one man is a tragedy, death of a million is a statistic " is sometimes attributed to Stalin, but was actually made by the German writer and pacifist Erich Maria Remarque.

The photograph shows the Czechoslovak delegation ; left is a portrait of Gottwald, on the right, Joseph Stalin | Stalin.

It is notable that Stalin backed Kapitsa in this quarrel.

The issue of how much Stalin ( and Beria ) were involved in the Doctor's Plot is still disputed ( see discussion in Doctors ' plot article ).

In the first edition of the book Osnovy Leninizma ( Foundations of Leninism, 1924 ), Stalin argued that revolution in one country is insufficient.

It is also known as the Nazi – Soviet Pact, Hitler – Stalin Pact, German – Soviet Non-aggression Pact and sometimes the Nazi – Soviet Alliance.

Some observers ( including George Kennan ) believed that the Japanese treaty led Stalin to approve a plan to invade U. S .- supported South Korea on June 25, 1950.

However, party members believed that Stalin had improved his reputation in 1923 and ignored Lenin's order.

However, prompted by grain shortage in 1928, Stalin reversed himself and proposed a program of rapid industrialization and forced collectivization because he believed that the NEP was not working fast enough.

While Heydrich believed they had successfully deluded Stalin into executing or dismissing some 35, 000 of his officer corps, the importance of Heydrich's part is a matter of speculation and conjecture.

Trotsky believed that the Russian revolution needed to be spread all over the globe's working class, the proletarians for world revolution ; Stalin insisted on consolidating Bolshevism in Russia and industrialization, " socialism in one country.

Despite ideological differences and holding territorial claims on the Soviet Union, Adolf Hitler admired Stalin and his politics and believed that Stalin was in effect transforming Soviet Bolshevism into a form of Nazism.

It is believed that it was Joseph Stalin who put pressure on Bolesław Bierut and Jakub Berman to remove Gomułka and Spychalski as well as their followers from power in 1948.

During the 1930s, the NKVD was responsible for political murders of those Stalin believed to oppose him.

Sergei Kirov, head of the Party organisation in Leningrad, was killed in 1934 ; some believed his death was ordered by Stalin.

In 1939, following the Munich Agreement and Hitler's subsequent invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1938, Stalin believed that Britain and France would not be reliable allies against German expansion so instead sought to conciliate Nazi Germany.

This, Faulkner believed, had been brought about by Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev's denouncement of Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Union's violent crushing of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.

Although suspicious of Stalin, even Churchill believed that, because of Stalin's strong promises and admission of guilt over Poland, that Stalin might keep his word regarding Poland, remarking " Poor Neville Chamberlain believed he could trust Hitler.

Stalin believed war was imminent, threatened both by an explicitly hostile Nazi Germany and an expansionist Japan.

Stalin believed that Chiang's execution would not be beneficial to either Chinese resistance to Japan or Soviet interests in the Far East.

This academic silence was high suspicious and Flerov urged Stalin to launch the program on immediate effect as he believed that other nations were already advancing their program clandestinely.

Insofar as people believed in this claim, Stalin gained Lenin's charismatic authority.

Stalin believed that the KMT middle and upper classes would defeat the western imperialists in China and complete the revolution.

Yockey believed that the USSR had become genuinely anti-Zionist under Stalin, that in its authoritarianism it preserved something of the traditional European concept of hierarchy, and he felt it could more easily be adapted to a Rightist orientation over time than was possible in the egalitarian United States.

But he rejects, perhaps a little too sweepingly, the theory that disloyal and pro-Communist influences may have contributed to the policy of appeasing Stalin which persisted until after the end of the war and reached its high point at the Yalta Conference in February, 1945.

And Harry Dexter White, implicated in F.B.I. reports in Communist associations, was one of the architects of the Morgenthau Plan, which had it ever been put into full operation, would have simply handed Germany to Stalin.

Pasternak later said, " If, in a bad dream, we had seen all of the horrors in store for us after the war, we should have been sorry not to see Stalin go down together with Hitler: an end to the war in favour of our allies, civilized countries with democratic traditions, would have meant a hundred times less suffering for our people than that which Stalin again inflicted on it after his victory.

Hitler and Stalin would be merely the 20th century's most prominent examples ; there have been numerous others.

Some individuals, notably Joseph Stalin, have stated that all problems emanate from man, and absent man, no problems ensue.

In 1942, commenting on journalist E. H. Carr's pro-Soviet views, Orwell stated: " all the appeasers, e. g. Professor E. H. Carr, have switched their allegiance from Hitler to Stalin.

However, he did give him some praise saying in an article in the left-leaning New Statesman magazine, " I have never met a man more fair, candid, and honest " and making it clear that he felt the " sinister " image of Stalin was unfair or simply false.

Some hotels have gained their renown through tradition, by hosting significant events or persons, such as Schloss Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany, which derives its fame from the Potsdam Conference of the World War II allies Winston Churchill, Harry Truman and Joseph Stalin in 1945.

Stalin and his regime have been condemned on numerous occasions, the most significant being the in 1956, when Stalin's successor Nikita Khrushchev denounced his legacy and initiated a process of de-Stalinization.

Stalin and his supporters have highlighted the notion that socialism can be built and consolidated by a country (" Socialism in One Country ") as underdeveloped as Russia during the 1920s.

Some historians have argued that Stalin was also planning to send millions of Jews to four large newly built labor camps in Western Russia using a " Deportation Commission " that would purportedly act to save Soviet Jews from an engraged Soviet population after the Doctors Plot trials.

" Lozgachev used the bedroom telephone where he frantically called a few party officials telling them that Stalin may have had a stroke and asked them to send good doctors to the Kuntsevo residence immediately.

They offered to exchange him for Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus, who had surrendered after Stalingrad, but Stalin turned the offer down, stating " You have in your hands not only my son Yakov but millions of my sons.

She may have committed suicide by shooting herself after a quarrel with Stalin, leaving a suicide note which according to their daughter was " partly personal, partly political ".

Some Bolsheviks and others have accused Stalin of being an agent for the Okhrana.

There have also been claims that Stalin was a Jesuit priest working covertly for the Vatican, whilst carrying out his purges, and that he had died by poisoning.

From 1929 to 1934, during the period when Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was trying to collectivize agriculture, Kazakhstan endured repeated famines, similar to the Holodomor in Ukraine, for which it may have provided a model, because peasants had slaughtered their livestock in protest against Soviet agricultural policy.

Frunze's position was compatible with the Troika ( Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Stalin ), but Stalin preferred to have a close ally in charge ( as opposed to Frunze, a " Zinovievite ").