As Stallman notes, " free " refers to unrestricted access ; it does not refer to price.

And Lord notes that the film shows, but does not challenge Torvalds or Stallman about their equally disingenuous remarks about the " Linux " vs " GNU / Linux " naming issue.

UniPress never took legal action against Stallman or his nascent Free Software Foundation, believing " hobbyists and academics could never produce an Emacs that could compete " with their product.

Richard Stallman, founder of the Free Software Foundation, said in November 2006 that changes coming with the version 3 of the GPL will preclude such deals.

Commentators such as Barlow ( 1994 ) have argued that digital copyright is fundamentally different and will remain persistently difficult to enforce ; others such as Stallman ( 1996 ) have argued that the Internet deeply undermines the economic rationale for copyright in the first place.

According to Stallman, " The only thing in the software field that is worse than an unauthorised copy of a proprietary program, is an authorised copy of the proprietary program because this does the same harm to its whole community of users, and in addition, usually the developer, the perpetrator of this evil, profits from it.

This has resulted in a poorer product than many ( including Stallman ) had expected.

* Richard Stallman, the founder of the Free Software Foundation in the field of Information Technology, has been awarded no fewer than nine honorary doctorates from various international educational institutions from 1996 through 2011 including the North American Lakehead University in 2009, and now refers to himself as " Dr. Richard Stallman " in speeches, talks, videos and email.

Stallman defends that in some cases, monetary incentive is not necessary for motivation since the pleasure in expressing creativity is a reward in itself ( such as music and art ).

Stallman has since lent his support to Wikipedia.

In 1999, Richard Stallman proposed the GNUPedia, an online encyclopedia which, similar to the GNU operating system, would be a " generic " resource.

GDB was first written by Richard Stallman in 1986 as part of his GNU system, after his GNU Emacs was " reasonably stable ".

Richard Stallman founded the GNU project in September 1983 with an aim to create a free GNU operating system.

When Richard Stallman and the GNU team were implementing POSIX for the GNU operating system, they objected to this on the grounds that most people think in terms of 1024 byte ( or 1 KiB ) blocks.

* 1983 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.

Plans for GNU, a complete computer operating system composed entirely of free software, were made in 1983 by Richard Stallman, founder of the Free Software Foundation.

In May 1996, Stallman released Emacs 19. 31 with the Autoconf system target " linux " changed to " lignux " ( shortly thereafter changed to " linux-gnu " in emacs 19. 32 ), and included an essay " Linux and the GNU system " suggesting that people use the terms " Linux-based GNU system " ( or " GNU / Linux system " or " Lignux " for short ).

At SFLC, he assisted Eben Moglen, Richard Stallman, and Richard Fontana in the drafting of the GPLv3, and managed the production of the software system for the GPLv3 Comment Process, called stet.

Richard Stallman characterized it as a programming language that " looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't have the data structures of Lisp.

Unlike Common Lisp, Scheme existed at the time Stallman was rewriting Gosling Emacs into GNU Emacs, but he chose not to use it because of its comparatively poor performance on workstations, and he wanted to develop a dialect which he thought would be more easily optimized.

" Stallman states that while the term " Free Software " can lead to two different interpretations, one of them is consistent with FSF definition of Free Software so there is at least some chance that it could be understood properly, unlike the term " Open Source ".

The two most prominent people attached to the movement, Richard Stallman and Linus Torvalds, may be seen as representatives of the value based versus apolitical philosophies, as well as the Gnu versus Linux coding styles.

Others, such as Richard Stallman, see the current level of compromise to be the bigger worry.

Free Software Foundation founder Richard Stallman argues that, although the term intellectual property is in wide use, it should be rejected altogether, because it " systematically distorts and confuses these issues, and its use was and is promoted by those who gain from this confusion.

The four freedoms that must be guaranteed by free content are adapted from the four freedoms Richard Stallman called for in software.

Stallman counter-charges that OSI's pragmatic focus on a model for software development and marketing ignores what he considers to be the central " ethical imperative " and the focus on " freedom " that underlies free software, as he defines it, and blurs the distinction with semi-free or wholly proprietary software.

When David Henkel-Wallace of Cygnus Support proposed developing the library as a way to open up new business opportunities for the company, Richard Stallman said ( correctly ) that it would be difficult ; David's response was " Big F * cking Deal ".

Vim's Charityware license has been declared by Richard Stallman to be GPL-compatible.

To suggestions that renaming efforts stem from egotism or personal pique, Stallman has responded that his interest is not in giving credit to himself, but to the GNU Project: " Some people think that it's because I want my ego to be fed.

" Stallman has admitted to irritation, although he believes it to be justified in response to seeing " an idealistic project stymied and made ineffective, because people don't usually give it the credit for what it has done ," concluding " If you're an idealist like me, that can ruin your whole decade.

: " It should be noted as a historical footnote that Richard Stallman who inspired the free software and free culture movement also proposed his own encyclopedia in 1999 and attempted to launch it in the same year that Wikipedia took off.

Richard Stallman chose Lisp as the extension language for his rewrite of Emacs ( the original used TECO as its extension language ) because of its powerful features, including the ability to treat functions as data.

The free software movement was conceived in 1983 by Richard Stallman to satisfy the need for and to give the benefit of software freedom to computer users.

Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to provide the organizational structure to advance his free software ideas.

In 1983, Richard Stallman, longtime member of the hacker community at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, announced the GNU project, saying that he had become frustrated with the effects of the change in culture of the computer industry and its users.

Although drawing on traditions and philosophies among members of the 1970s hacker culture, Richard Stallman formally founded the movement in 1983 by launching the GNU Project.

Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to support the movement.

Stallman said that this is where people get the misconception of " free ": there is no wrong in programmers ' requesting payment for a proposed project.

The Free Software Definition, written by Richard Stallman and published by Free Software Foundation ( FSF ), defines free software as a matter of liberty, not price.

The GNU Manifesto was written by Richard Stallman and published in March 1985 in Dr. Dobb's Journal of Software Tools as an explanation and definition of the goals of the GNU Project, and to call for participation and support.

Richard Stallman then goes into an explanation of why it is important that they complete this project.

In 1987 Richard Stallman proposed to use the Mach microkernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University.

Despite an optimistic announcement by Stallman in 2002 predicting a release of GNU / Hurd later that year, the Hurd is still not considered suitable for production environments.

In 2010, after twenty years under development, Stallman said that he was " not very optimistic about the GNU Hurd.

This was a technical decision made by Richard Stallman, who thought it would speed up the work by saving a large part of it.

People primarily known for their contributions to the consciousness of the programmer subculture of hackers include Richard Stallman, the founder of the free software movement and the GNU project, president of the Free Software Foundation and author of the famous Emacs text editor as well as the GNU Compiler Collection ( GCC ), and Eric S. Raymond, one of the founders of the Open Source Initiative and writer of the famous text The Cathedral and the Bazaar and many other essays, maintainer of the Jargon File ( which was previously maintained by Guy L. Steele, Jr .).