The pioneer of this approach was Sir Ludwig Guttmann of the Stoke Mandeville Hospital in England.

In 1948, while the Olympic Games were being held in London, he organized a sports competition for wheelchair athletes at Stoke Mandeville.

This was the origin of the Stoke Mandeville Games, which evolved into the modern Paralympic Games.

The first organized international competitions for athletes with a physical disability ( not deaf ) began in 1952, when the first international Stoke Mandeville Games were organized for World War II veterans.

The Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games, incepted in 1948 in England, were the first Games for wheelchair athletes.

In 1948, Sir Ludwig Guttman, a neurologist working with World War II veterans with spinal injuries at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in Aylesbury in the UK, began using sport as part of the rehabilitation programmes of his patients.

After the Norman invasion of England in 1066 AD, some Norman French influences can be detected in place names, notably the simplification of ch to c in Cerne and-cester, and the addition of names of feudal lords as in Stoke Mandeville .).

He died on 7 March 2006 in the Florence Nightingale House, Stoke Mandeville, several miles from his home.

The 1960 Summer Paralympics, originally known as the 9th Annual International Stoke Mandeville Games, were the first international Paralympic Games, following on from the Stoke Mandeville Games of 1948 and 1952.

They were organised under the aegis of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation.

The International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports ( IWAS ) World Games ( or IWAS World Games ) are a multi-sport competition for athletes with a disability, which under the former name of the International Stoke Mandeville Games were the forerunner of the Paralympic Games.

The competition has been formerly known as the World Wheelchair and Amputee Games, the Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games, the Stoke Mandeville Games, the World Wheelchair Games, and in the 1960s and 1970s was often referred to as the Wheelchair Olympics.

The Games were originally held in 1948 by neurologist Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who organized a sporting competition involving World War II veterans with spinal cord injuries at the Stoke Mandeville Hospital rehabilitation facility in Stoke Mandeville, England, taking place concurrently with the first post-war Summer Olympics in London.

In 1960, the Ninth Stoke Mandeville Games were held in Rome, Italy, following that year's Olympic Games.

The 2012 Paralympic mascot Mandeville is named after Stoke Mandeville.

He was subsequently entered at the Reverend John Bransby ’ s Manor House School at Stoke Newington, then a suburb four miles ( 6 km ) north of London.

Shilton became England's number one and was also signed by Stoke City shortly afterwards from Leicester City ( the same club Stoke had bought Banks from ) to take over from Banks in goal at the Victoria Ground.

His powerful shot into the top corner was saved by the Stoke goalkeeper and Hurst's international team-mate Gordon Banks, who succeeded in deflecting the ball over the bar.

They were defeated and de la Pole killed at the difficult Battle of Stoke, where the loyalty of some of the royal troops to Henry was questionable.

Lemmy was born on Christmas Eve in 1945 in Burslem, Stoke on Trent, England.

What was originally a self-standing village ( which has now been subsumed within the city ) lies to the north of the toll bridge, originally built by Sir Piers Edgcumbe in 1525, that crossed what used to be the Deadlake or Stonehouse Creek, to the west of Pennycomequick, the south of Stoke village and to the east of Stoke Church.

Scott was born on 6 June 1868, the third child out of six and elder son of John Edward and Hannah ( née Cuming ) Scott of Stoke Damerel, near Devonport, Devon.

Katharine was almost certainly arrested at Raglan Castle immediately after the Battle of Stoke Field in June 1487 and John was executed in 1491, both on the orders of Henry VII.

Although the group purported to represent " the autonomous working class ", when the police arrested nine suspected members of the group, only one, ( Jake Prescott, who was arrested in Notting Hill ) came from the working class ; the other eight, four men and four women ( arrested together in Stoke Newington ) were middle-class student drop-outs from the universities of Cambridge and Essex.

Mitchell was born in Stoke Newington, London.

The Battle of Stoke Field ( 16 June 1487 ) may be considered the last battle of the Wars of the Roses, since it was to be the last engagement in which a Lancastrian king faced an army of Yorkist supporters, under the pretender Lambert Simnel.

However, there is some dispute whether the Battle of Stoke Field was the last battle in the Wars of the Roses, as a number of historians consider the Battle of Bosworth, two years previously, as the real last remaining battle in the Wars of the Roses.

That was his last trophy with the club, although they narrowly missed out on more in the following years, losing in the 1972 League Cup final to Stoke City and in the semi-finals of the same competition to Norwich City a year later.

* In 1993 Menuhin was made a life peer, as Baron Menuhin of Stoke d ' Abernon in the County of Surrey.

Stoke, a suburb within today's Guildford, appears in the Book as Stoch, and was also held by William.

Stoke was listed as being in the King's park, with a rendering of £ 15.

In 1987 she was elected to the House of Commons, replacing the deselected serving Labour MP Ernest Roberts as MP for Hackney North & Stoke Newington.

In May 2010, she was re-elected in her constituency of Hackney North and Stoke Newington, with a doubled majority on an increased turn-out.

There were several reasons for positioning a new station at Stoke Gifford: trains to London were quicker than on the longer route from Temple Meads, via Bath and Chippenham before reaching Swindon ; a larger car park than at Temple Meads could be provided ; the population on the northern fringes of the city was growing, especially with the building of a new town at Bradley Stoke ; and it was within easy access of the M4 and M5 motorways.

Hurst wound down his career with Stoke City and also West Bromwich Albion.

He has also lived in North Stoke, Oxfordshire, Clewer near Windsor, Berkshire, Lowestoft in Suffolk and Chelsea Harbour in London.

Additionally National Rail's Lea Valley Lines also pass through Hackney, with stations at London Fields, Hackney Downs, Rectory Road, Stoke Newington, Stamford Hill, and Clapton.

In modern terms, Stoke Newington can be roughly defined by the N16 postcode area ( though this also includes parts of Stamford Hill and the almost extinct district of Shacklewell ).

Immediately to the south of Stoke Newington is Newington Green, also ill-defined, though originally they were two distinct villages separated by a mile of fields.

Since 2010, Stoke Newington has also had its own literary festival, created to celebrate the area's literary and radical history.

Its villages include Hanoverville, Schoenersville ( pronounced " SHAY-nerz-vil " and also in Lehigh County ,) Stoke Park, and Westgate Hills.

Its course has altered, as it originally flowed to Wisbech, which derives its name from the river, and historically, it has also been known as the River Stoke or Stoke River.

He played 69 Wartime League and Cup games for Stoke, and also made 87 guest appearances for Blackpool.

Stoke also had the main railway station ( other towns were connected by the " loop " line ) making the name of Stoke perhaps the most familiar outside the area.

The up-and-coming indie band All The Young also hail from Stoke.

It should also be remembered that A4s operated on the East Coast Main Line which has more opportunities for high speed running ( particularly Stoke Bank ) than any other in the UK.

Other connections were formed also in the village of Stoke Newington a few miles north of London, where James Stephen's father leased a family home from 1774 onwards called Summerhouse.

Anna Letitia Barbauld, author of An Epistle to William Wilberforce ( 1791 ), also came to live in Stoke Newington in 1802.

Inevitably, Wilberforce also became a frequent visitor to Stoke Newington, combining meetings with William Allen and his Quaker circle with visits to his sister Sarah and brother-in-law James.

Stoke City also became the first First Division side to play a match on a Sunday, when they faced Chelsea on 27 January 1974.

In their first home game, Stoke managed to beat Aston Villa 3 – 2, and wins also came against Tottenham Hotspur, Arsenal, Sunderland and West Bromwich Albion.

Stoke also made it to the quarter finals of the FA Cup for the first time since 1972, beating York City, Arsenal and Manchester City before losing out to eventual winners Chelsea.

It was also the first time since the 1983 – 84 season that Stoke had won three top-flight matches in a row.

He is also a regular columnist for the Stoke Newington based magazine N16.