Strict products liability causes manufacturers to internalize costs they would normally externalize.

Strict liability thus requires manufacturers to evaluate the full costs of their products.

Strict liability also seeks to diminish the impact of information asymmetry between manufacturers and consumers.

Strict liability reduces litigation costs, because a plaintiff need only prove causation, not imprudence.

* Strict liability: the actor engaged in conduct and his mental state is irrelevant.

Strict liability is prominent in tort law ( especially product liability ), corporations law, and criminal law.

Strict liability is sometimes distinguished from absolute liability.

Strict liability can be determined by looking at the intent of the legislature.

Strict liability laws can also prevent defendants from raising diminished mental capacity defenses, since intent does not need to be proven.

Strict liability torts are brought for injuries resulting from ultrahazardous activities, for which the defendant will be held liable even if there was no negligence on his / her part.

Strict liability also applies to some types of product liability claims and to copyright infringement and some trademark cases.

See Strict liability.

* Strict liability

* Strict liability ( criminal )

* Strict liability

* Strict liability ( criminal )

Strict automatism is a denial of actus reus and therefore most commonly used as a defence against strict liability offences.

Strict rules often indicate that each portion must contain a certain minimum number of cards, such as three or five.

Strict Sunday Sabbatarianism is sometimes called " Puritan Sabbath ", often contrasted with " Continental Sabbath ".

:" Strict uniformitarianism may often be a guarantee against pseudo-scientific phantasies and loose conjectures, but it makes one easily forget that the principle of uniformity is not a law, not a rule established after comparison of facts, but a methodological principle, preceding the observation of facts.

Strict programming languages are often associated with eager evaluation, and non-strict languages with lazy evaluation, but other evaluation strategies are possible in each case.

Groups calling themselves " Strict Baptists " are often differentiated from those calling themselves " Reformed Baptists.

Strict churches, which often impose costly and esoteric requirements on their members, are able to solve this problem by weeding out potential free riders, since only the very committed would join the church in the face of such requirements.

Mr. Justice Black led a reversing majority: `` Strict local rules of pleading cannot be used to impose unnecessary burdens upon rights of recovery authorized by federal law ''.

* Strict conditional, as used in philosophy, logic, and mathematics.

Strict limits for how small a point defect is, are generally not defined explicitly, but typically these defects involve at most a few extra or missing atoms.

Strict control was also maintained over the young Caesar's entourage, promoting away Flavian generals such as Arrius Varus and Antonius Primus and replacing them by more reliable men such as Arrecinus Clemens.

This view is prevalent amongst Reformed Baptists, those in the Founders movement ( a Calvinistic movement within the Southern Baptist Convention ), some Primitive Baptists, Strict Baptists, and several individuals in other Baptist associations.

Strict interpretations of kashrut require the animal to be fully aware when its carotid artery is cut.

Strict regulations apply for all steps in the gelatin manufacturing process.

; May 2000: ISO / IEC 15445: 2000 (" ISO HTML ", based on HTML 4. 01 Strict ) was published as an ISO / IEC international standard.

It is based on XHTML 1. 0 Strict, but includes minor changes, can be customized, is reformulated using modules from Modularization of XHTML, which was published April 10, 2001, as a W3C Recommendation.

It is recommended to use HTTP Strict Transport Security with HTTPS to protect users from man-in-the-middle attacks.

Strict macrobiotic diets that include no animal products may result in nutritional deficiencies unless they are carefully planned.

Strict instructions were issued to store the grenades safely, preferably underwater and certainly never in a house.

Strict labor discipline broke down with the economy, and people were no longer required to attend mandatory lectures on Juche.

" Strict unemployment " ( people actively seeking a full-time job ) stood at 20. 2 % in 1999, 21. 9 % in 2002 and spiraled to 29, 4 per cent in 2008.

Strict Salic inheritance has been officially revoked in all extant European monarchies except for the Principality of Liechtenstein ; however it is still recognized in the House laws of many non-sovereign noble families.

* Strict, and more importantly, uniform discipline made commanding, maintaining, and replacing Roman legionaries a much more consistent exercise.

Laws dealing with pollution are often media-limited — i. e., pertain only to a single environmental medium, such as air, water ( whether surface water, groundwater or oceans ), soil, etc .— and control both emissions of pollutants into the medium, as well as liability for exceeding permitted emissions and responsibility for cleanup.

However, it was often a tactical liability.

Statutory remedies are often provided for defects which merely render the product unusable ( and hence cause economic injury ) but do not cause physical injury or damage to other property ; the " economic loss rule " means that strict liability is generally unavailable for products that damage only themselves.

The " absence of any unifying principle drawing together the different heads of economic tort liability has often been remarked upon.

Income tax systems will often have deductions available that lessen the total tax liability by reducing total taxable income.

The Noerr-Pennington doctrine is a rule of law that often prohibits the application of antitrust law to statements made by competitors before public bodies: a monopolist may freely go before the city council and encourage the denial of its competitor's building permit without being subject to Sherman Act liability.

While the event may be specified by the contract, the actions that must be taken to make the injured party " whole " again are largely fact-based and unknown to the parties until the event occurs, while the maximum liability is often expressly limited by the contract.

A son is often preferred as an " asset " since he can earn and support the family ; a daughter is a " liability " since she will be married off to another family, and so will not contribute financially to her parents.

Responders acting within the scope of their knowledge and training as a " reasonable person " in the same situation would act are often immune to liability in emergency situations.

Although conflict zones often lack functioning legal systems, and government may even have passed laws immunizing private mercenaries from criminal liability, aiding and abetting a war crime can still be the basis for civil liability in a foreign court with jurisdiction over the defendant corporation.

# liability to become involved in intense and unstable relationships, often leading to emotional crisis ;

A member joining a Syndicate with a long history of such transactions could – and often did – pick up liability for losses on policies written decades previously.

It is often used synonymously with such concepts as answerability, blameworthiness, liability, and other terms associated with the expectation of account-giving.

However the power that a Prime Minister has over his or her Cabinet colleagues is directly proportional to the amount of support that they have with their political parties and this is often related to whether the party considers them to be an electoral asset or liability.

They recognize that the damage done by privacy loss is typically not measurable, nor can it be undone, and that commercial organizations have little or no interest in taking unprofitable measures to drastically increase privacy of customers-indeed, their motivation is very often quite the opposite, to share data for commercial advantage, and to fail to officially recognize it as sensitive, so as to avoid legal liability for lapses of security that may occur.

It is widely accepted that a GmbH is formed in three stages: the founding association, which is regarded as a private partnership with full liability of the founding partners / members ; the founded company ( often styled as " GmbH i. G.

Under English and Welsh law, in cases where tortious liability is strict, the defendant will often be liable only for the reasonably foreseeable consequences of his or her act or omission ( as in nuisance ).

Such assessments are often undertaken in the United States to avoid liability under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, commonly referred to as the " Superfund law ".

Fears of liability concerns and the bad publicity possibilities in giving the public a car that dangerously powerful are often cited as reasons, but it might simply have been that Ford doubted that an engine so unsuited to street use could sell in such numbers.

In modern corporate law, the existence of a joint-stock company is often synonymous with incorporation ( i. e. possession of legal personality separate from shareholders ) and limited liability ( meaning that the shareholders are only liable for the company's debts to the value of the money they invested in the company ).

Law students studying torts often encounter Hand's 1947 decision for United States v. Carroll Towing Co., which gave a formula for determining liability in cases of negligence.

Casualty insurance, often equated to liability insurance, is used to describe an area of insurance not directly concerned with life insurance, health insurance, or property insurance.

A common use of fixed-point BCD numbers is for storing monetary values, where the inexact values of binary floating-point numbers are often a liability.