Studies have shown that numerous biological systems, such as Xenopus oocyte maturation, mammalian calcium signal transduction, and polarity in budding yeast, incorporate temporal ( slow and fast ) positive feedback loops, or more than one feedback loop that occurs at different times.

Starting in the 1980s, an expanding community of neuroscientists and psychologists have associated themselves with a field called Consciousness Studies, giving rise to a stream of experimental work published in books, journals such as Consciousness and Cognition, and methodological work published in journals such as the Journal of Consciousness Studies, along with regular conferences organized by groups such as the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness.

Studies have demonstrated that, due to the high incidence of accidents at these sites, some such segregated schemes can actually increase the number of car-bike collisions.

Studies by Pruski and Nearing indicated that, other factors such as land use not considered, we can expect approximately a 1. 7 % change in soil erosion for each 1 % change in total precipitation under climate change.

These ideas were developed in The Counter-Revolution of Science: Studies in the Abuse of Reason, 1952 and in some of Hayek's later essays in the philosophy of science such as " Degrees of Explanation " and " The Theory of Complex Phenomena ".

Genetics deals with the molecular structure and function of genes, gene behavior in context of a cell or organism ( e. g. dominance and epigenetics ), patterns of inheritance from parent to offspring, and gene distribution, variation and change in populations, such as through Genome-Wide Association Studies.

There are commemorative sites to Kennedy in Berlin, such as the German-American John F. Kennedy School and the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies of the Free University of Berlin.

Among his best known works are the series Ten Studies in Female Physiognomy ; A Collection of Reigning Beauties ; Great Love Themes of Classical Poetry ( sometimes called Women in Love containing individual prints such as Revealed Love and Pensive Love ); and Twelve Hours in the Pleasure Quarters.

Studies have also indicated individual variation in temperament, such as sociability or impulsiveness.

Media Studies in NZ can be regarded as a singular success, with the subject well-established in the tertiary sector ( such as Screen and Media Studies at the University of Waikato ; Media Studies, Victoria University of Wellington ; Film, Television and Media Studies, University of Auckland ; Media Studies, Massey University ; Communication Studies, University of Otago ).

Studies of bacteria frozen in Antarctic glaciers have shown that DNA has a half-life of 1. 1 million years under such conditions, suggesting that while life may have potentially moved around within the Solar System it is unlikely that it could have arrived from an interstellar source.

Studies of black-tailed prairie dogs suggest that alarm-calling is a form of kin selection, as a prairie dog ’ s call alerts both offspring and nondescended kin, such as cousins, nephews and nieces.

Nonetheless, in the 18th Century, rhetoric was the structure and crown of secondary education, with works such as Rollin's Treatise of Studies achieving a wide and enduring fame across the Continent.

Studies using neuropsychological tests and brain imaging technologies such as fMRI and PET to examine functional differences in brain activity have shown that differences seem to most commonly occur in the frontal lobes, hippocampus and temporal lobes.

Studies utilizing positron-emission tomography ( PET ) have found during tasks that invoke disfluent speech, stutterers show hypoactivity in cortical areas associated with language processing, such as Broca ’ s area, but hyperactivity in areas associated with motor function.

Academics who were elected to Membership of the Royal Irish Academy ( Ireland's highest ranking academic body ) while based at Ulster include: Bertie Ussher ( Classics ), Norman Gibson ( Economics ), Amyan Macfadyen ( Biology ), Bill Watts ( Chemistry ), P G ( Gerry ) McKenna ( Biomedical Sciences, Genetics ), Sean Strain ( Biomedical Sciences, Nutrition ), Marshall McCabe ( Geology ), Peter Flatt ( Biomedical Sciences, Diabetes ), Séamus MacMathúna ( Celtic Studies ), Bob Welch ( Literature ), Vani Borooah ( Economics ), Máréaid Nic Craith ( Celtic Studies ), Graham Gargett ( French ), Helene McNulty ( Biomedical Sciences, Nutrition ), Pól Ó Dochartaigh ( German ), Robert McBride ( French ), Ullrich Kockel ( ethnography ) and John McCloskey ( Geosciences ).

* Gerry, Thomas M. “ Green Yet Free of Seasons: Gwendolyn MacEwen and the Mystical Tradition of Canadian Poetry .” Studies in Canadian Literature 16. 2 ( 1991 / 1992 ): 147-161.

* Critical Legal Thinking A Critical Legal Studies website which uses critical theory in an analysis of law and politics.

Studies of these specific areas may be viewed as micro-or macro-comparative legal analysis, i. e. detailed comparisons of two countries, or broad-ranging studies of several countries.

* Critical Legal Thinking A Critical Legal Studies website which uses critical theory in an analysis of law and politics.

The Country Studies Series presents a description and analysis of the historical setting and the social, economic, political, and national security systems and institutions of countries throughout the world.

Studies have found alleles in the vicinity of ASIP are associated with skin colour in humans – rs2424984 has been identified as an indicator of skin tone in a forensics analysis of human phenotypes and has a frequency of roughly 80 % in Europeans, 75 % in Asians and 20 – 25 % in Africans.

In an August 2010 report, the Center for Immigration Studies, through direct communication with foreign government officials and analysis of relevant foreign law including statutory and constitutional law, was able to confirm that 30 of the world's 194 countries grant automatic birthright citizenship ( although they were not able to obtain definitive information from 19 countries ).

Studies of Tay – Sachs mutations using new molecular techniques such as linkage disequilibrium and coalescence analysis has brought an emerging consensus among researchers supporting the founder effect theory.

Universities have also labeled this area of analysis Sexual Diversity Studies, Sexualities Studies or LGBTQ Studies ( Q for " Questioning " and / or " Queer ").

In recent studies by Muslim contemporary thinkers that aim at ' renewing the impetus of philosophical thinking in Islam ', Nader El-Bizri offers a critical analysis of the conventions of methodology and historiography that dominate the mainstream academic and epistemic approaches in studying ' Islamic philosophy ' from ' archival ' standpoints, within Oriental and Mediaevalist Studies, which fail to recognize the fact that ' philosophy in Islam ' can still be a living intellectual tradition, and that its renewal requires a radical reform in ontology and epistemology within Islamic thought.

* PDF of Center for Policy Studies ( UK ) analysis of legality

The Country Studies Series presents a description and analysis of the historical setting and the social, economic, political, and national security systems and institutions of countries throughout the world.

Studies use statistical techniques, such as cluster analysis, canonical correspondence analysis ( CCA ), or detrended correspondence analysis ( DCA ), for classifying vegetation.

Between Movements of Crisis and Movements of Affluence: An analysis of the campaign against the Jabiluka uranium mine, 1997 – 2000 PhD Thesis, School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland.

A February 2009 study completed in collaboration between the University of Georgia's Carl Vinson Institute of Government and Georgia State University's Andrew Young School of Policy Studies gave a positive analysis of the financial viability of the proposed Milton County.

The School of International, Political and Strategic Studies conducts education and research in the analysis and understanding of the international, political, societal, and strategic affairs of Asia and the Pacific.

The John S. Watson School of Public Service and Continuing Studies offers degree programs and advanced certificate programs that cover domestic and international issues, including public policy studies, nonprofit management, financial management, public policy analysis, regional planning, early childhood education, environmental policy / environmental justice and health policy and management.

Studies and analysis may indicate that the greater hazard comes from hydrothermal activity which occurs independently of volcanic activity.

Naomi Seidman, professor of Jewish culture at the Graduate Theological Union, wrote a comparative analysis of the Yiddish and French texts for a 1996 article in Jewish Social Studies, concluding that Night transforms the Holocaust into a religious event, the abdication of God, with the witness both priest and prophet ; Wiesel himself said that Auschwitz was as important as Mount Sinai.

Panofsky codified an influential approach to iconography in his 1939 Studies in Iconology, where he defined it as " the branch of the history of art which concerns itself with the subject matter or meaning of works of art, as opposed to form ," although the distinction he and other scholars drew between particular definitions of " iconography " ( put simply, the identification of visual content ) and " iconology " ( the analysis of the meaning of that content ), has not been generally accepted, though it is still used by some writers.

This high-tech facility is used primarily by the Center for Naval Warfare Studies to conduct war games and major conferences, and for research and analysis.

Studies consistently rank Columbia as a top city in which to live for educational facilities, health care, technological savvy, economic growth, cultural opportunities and cost of living.

* The International Institute for Diasporic and Transcultural Studies ( IIDTS )-a transnational institute incorporating Jean Moulin University ( Lyons, France ), the University of Cyprus, Sun Yat-sen University ( Guangzhou, China ) and Liverpool Hope University ( UK )-is a dedicated research network operating in a transdisciplinary logic and focussed on cultural representation ( and auto-representation ) of diasporic communities throughout the world.

The Disney Corporation is notorious among cultural study scholars for “ reinventing ” traditional childhood myths ( Koven, “ Folklore Studies and Popular Film and Television: A Necessary Critical Survey ”, 176-195 ).

" Cultural Studies ' Misfit: White Trash Studies ", Mississippi Quarterly 2004 57 ( 3 ): 369-387, traces the emergence of ' white trash studies ' as a scholarly field by placing representative 20th-century popular images of ' white trash ' in their Southern economic and cultural contexts.

In his book Introducing Cultural Studies, Ziauddin Sardar lists the following five main characteristics of cultural studies:

The British version of cultural studies was developed in the 1950s and 1960s mainly under the influence of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, Raymond Williams, Stuart Hall and others at the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham.

Other approaches to Cultural Studies, such as feminist cultural studies and later American developments of the field, distance themselves from this view.

A further and more recent approach is Comparative cultural studies, based on the discipline of comparative literature and Cultural Studies.

Nonetheless, the state-owned media and academics employed by organizations such as universities ' Institutes of Taiwan Studies or the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences ( CASS ) periodically release study results, academic journal articles, or editorials denouncing the movement as " the cultural arm of Taiwanese independence movement " ( Chinese: 文化台獨 ) with the government's tacit approval, showing the PRC government's opposition stance towards Taiwanization in truth.

The English Department focuses on an interdisciplinary approach named " English Studies ", which includes various literature in English, writing / composition theories, cultural studies, K-12 English education, linguistics, TESOL.

Most years, over two-thirds of undergraduates participate in the Area Studies Tour ( 現地研修 げんちけんしゅう ) where students visit one of nine Asian countries, studying at a local university for several weeks improving their language skills and cultural understanding.

Though African American Studies as its own discipline has been in decline, its perpetuation as a sub-discipline in various social science fields ( e. g., education, sociology, cultural anthropology, urban studies ) has risen.

Maritime Studies highlights the social and cultural side of the human / water relationship, but recognizes and explores the links between human activities and the composition and the condition of the coastal and marine environments.

Institutionally, in the last decade the American Studies Association has reflected the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of the field, creating particularly strong connections to other interdisciplines such as ethnic studies, gender studies, cultural studies and post-or de-colonial studies.

Studies of the Old and New Testaments were often independent of each other, largely due to the difficulty of any single scholar having a sufficient grasp of the many languages required or of the cultural background for the different periods in which texts had their origins.

Studies show that treatment programs based on the patriarchal privilege model are flawed due to a weak connection between abusiveness and one's cultural or social attitudes.

The destruction of the Bamiyan Buddhas despite protests from the international community has been described by Michael Falser, a heritage expert at the Center for Transcultural Studies in Germany, as an attack by the Taliban against the globalising concept of " cultural heritage ".

* Studies of human anatomy, endocrinology, and neurobiology and differences and changes between species, variation between human groups, and relationships to cultural factors.

After Forfar's death in a diving accident in 1971, his property was taken over by International Field Studies, Inc. of Ohio in 1972 and renamed Forfar Field Station, IFS today runs week-long, month-long and semester-long science, sailing, diving and cultural programs mostly for American high school students.

International Studies ( IS ) generally refers to the specific University Degrees and courses which are concerned with the study of ‘ the major political, economic, social, cultural and sacral issues that dominate the international agenda ’.

For example, the University of Technology Sydney states that the purpose of their International Studies degree is to ‘ prepare graduates for careers and contributions in a world of social and cultural diversity being transformed by globalisation, allowing students to draw connections between global phenomena and local practices in work and life ’.< ref > University of Technology Sydney: Arts and Social Sciences.

The college has an extensive Biblical Studies program in which the understanding, interpretation, and application of biblical literature are studied in original historical context and applied to the theological and cultural issues of the modern age.

( Ed )( 2004 ) Whitening Race: Essays in social and cultural criticism, Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press