Applications of fundamental topics of information theory include lossless data compression ( e. g. ZIP files ), lossy data compression ( e. g. MP3s and JPGs ), and channel coding ( e. g. for Digital Subscriber Line ( DSL )).

* ISDN Digital Subscriber Line ( IDSL ), uses ISDN based technology to provide data flow that is slightly higher than dual channel ISDN.

* Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( SDSL / SHDSL ), the volume of data flow is equal in both directions.

* Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( ADSL ), the volume of data flow is greater in one direction than the other.

* Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 2 Plus ( ADSL2 +), A version of ADSL2 that doubles the data rates by using twice the spectrum.

ISDN Digital Subscriber Line ( IDSL ) uses ISDN-based technology to provide a data communication channel across existing copper telephone lines at a rate of 144 kbit / s, slightly higher than a bonded dual channel ISDN connection at 128kbit / s.

* Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity, data sent between a mobile phone and its network

* Subscriber Identity Module, a type of data storage for mobile devices

* Subscriber Data Peripheral Interface – standard specifies the port through which mobiles and portables can connect to laptops or data networks

* Subscriber Identity Module ( SIM )-is a removable subscriber identification token storing the IMSI a unique key shared with the mobile network operator and other data.

( Reader data source: Barron ’ s 2010 Print Subscriber Survey.

* Subscriber: A Subscriber is the object responsible for the actual reception of the data resulting from its subscriptions.

* DataReader: A DataReader allows the application to declare the data it wishes to receive ( by making a subscription using a Topic, ContentFilteredTopic or MultiTopic ) and to access the data received by the attached Subscriber.

Although they aren't included in the regular CD / DVD shipments, subscribers can download old software such as MS-DOS 5. 0 and Windows 3. 1 from MSDN Subscriber Downloads.

Subscriber services included electronic messaging with Cc capabilities to multiple recipients, combined with the ability to log on to any wireless or fixed terminal and receive stored mailbox messages.

Another way is IPTV, that is receiving TV via Internet Protocol, relying on Digital Subscriber Line ( DSL ) or optical cable line.

* 1958 – Subscriber Trunk Dialling ( STD ) is inaugurated in the UK by Queen Elizabeth II when she speaks to the Lord Provost in a call from Bristol to Edinburgh.

* Digital Subscriber System No. 1 ( DSS1 ) The ISDN PBX interface is most often used for ( new ) PRA connected PBX

* DSS2 ( Digital Subscriber Signalling System No. 2 )-enhanced DSS1.

Cable and Wireless, who provided international circuits installed a satellite earth station which made International Subscriber Dialling possible.

Two encapsulated forms of PPP, Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet ( PPPoE ) and Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM ( PPPoA ), are used most commonly by Internet Service Providers ( ISPs ) to establish a Digital Subscriber Line ( DSL ) Internet service connection with customers.

* Subscriber edge router: Also called a Customer Edge router, is located at the edge of the subscriber's network, it also uses EBGP protocol to its provider's Autonomous System.

* Subscriber trunk dialling, also known as subscriber toll dialling, allowing subscribers to dial trunk calls without operator assistance.

UMTS phones can use a Universal Subscriber Identity Module, USIM ( based on GSM's SIM ) and also work ( including UMTS services ) with GSM SIM cards.

These may serve either interoffice trunks or, using Integrated Subscriber Loop Carrier, subscriber lines.

The ATM technology survived as a low-level layer in most Digital Subscriber Line ( DSL ) technologies, and as a payload type in some wireless technologies such as WiMAX.

The motivation of digital subscriber line technology was the Integrated Services Digital Network ( ISDN ) specification proposed in 1984 by the CCITT ( now ITU-T ) as part of Recommendation I. 120, later reused as ISDN Digital Subscriber Line ( IDSL ).

Employees at Bellcore ( now Telcordia Technologies ) developed Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( ADSL ) and filed a patent in 1988, by placing wide-band digital signals above the existing baseband analog voice signal carried between telephone company telephone exchanges and customers on conventional twisted pair cabling facilities.

Consumer-oriented ADSL was designed to operate on existing lines already conditioned for Basic Rate Interface ISDN services, which itself is a switched digital service ( non-IP ), though most incumbent local exchange carriers ( ILECs ) provision Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line ( RADSL ) to work on virtually any available copper pair facility — whether conditioned for BRI or not.

Engineers developed higher-speed DSL facilities such as High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line ( HDSL ) and Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( SDSL ) to provision traditional Digital Signal 1 ( DS1 ) services over standard copper pair facilities.

* High Data Rate Digital Subscriber Line ( HDSL / HDSL2 ), was the first DSL technology that used a higher frequency spectrum of copper, twisted pair cables.

While this loss of precision may be tolerable and viewed as a minor flaw of Algorithm I, it is easy to find data that reveal a major flaw in the naive algorithm: Take the sample to be ( 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > + 4, 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > + 7, 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > + 13, 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > + 16 ).

For many everyday listening situations, the loss in data ( and thus quality ) is imperceptible.

Also, if the program attempted to perform those other tasks, it might take too long for the program to check again, resulting in loss of data.

Filtering software may include data loss prevention functionality to filter outbound as well as inbound information.

A custom encoding can be used for a specific application with no loss of data.

If a database cannot tolerate even such smaller probability of data loss, then the RAID group itself is replicated ( mirrored ).

If a database cannot tolerate even such smaller probability of data loss, then the RAID group itself is replicated ( mirrored ).

In recent years there have been numerous reports of confidential data such as customers ' personal records being exposed through loss or theft of laptops or backup drives.

" Later measurements confirmed Singer's big " if " caveat: Shklovsky overestimated Phobos ' rate of altitude loss due to bad early data.

This is often not an ideal solution for GIF images, both because the loss of spatial resolution typically makes an image look fuzzy on the screen, and because the dithering patterns often interfere with the compressibility of the image data, working against GIF's main purpose.

It retained the entire technical content of the original version of the standard, but enhanced H. 263 capabilities by adding several annexes which can substantially improve encoding efficiency and provide other capabilities ( such as enhanced robustness against data loss in the transmission channel ).

Of course, when a simple function is used to estimate data points from the original, interpolation errors are usually present ; however, depending on the problem domain and the interpolation method used, the gain in simplicity may be of greater value than the resultant loss in accuracy.

Thereafter an insurance company will collect historical loss data, bring the loss data to present value, and compare these prior losses to the premium collected in order to assess rate adequacy.

The lack of reliability permits various error conditions, such as data corruption, packet loss and duplication, as well as out-of-order packet delivery.

It is possible to compress many types of digital data in a way that reduces the size of a computer file needed to store it, or the bandwidth needed to stream it, with no loss of the full information contained in the original file.

Sometimes the ideal is a file that provides exactly the same perception as the original, with as much digital information as possible removed ; other times, perceptible loss of quality is considered a valid trade-off for the reduced data

This compression becomes a selective loss of the least significant data, rather than losing data across the board.

Also used in PCs to park the hard disk head when free-fall is detected, to prevent damage and data loss.

In order to measure how well a function fits the training data, a loss function is defined.

For the special case where is a joint probability distribution and the loss function is the negative log likelihood a risk minimization algorithm is said to perform generative training, because can be regarded as a generative model that explains how the data were generated.

In a centralized network, only the loss of connection between the clients and server is simple enough to cause a failure, but in P2P networks, the connections between every node must be lost in order to fail to share data.