Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks and writings.

Giorgio de Chirico, and his previous development of metaphysical art, was one of the important joining figures between the philosophical and visual aspects of Surrealism.

The show confirmed that Surrealism had a component in the visual arts ( though it had been initially debated whether this was possible ), and techniques from Dada, such as photomontage, were used.

The show confirmed that Surrealism had a component in the visual arts ( though it had been initially debated whether this was possible ), techniques from Dada, such as photomontage were used.

Lewis was highly critical of the ideology of Surrealism, but admired the visual qualities of some Surrealist art.

She is most remembered for her highly-staged self portraits and tableaux that incorporated the visual aesthetics of Surrealism.

Herberto Helder's poetry and fiction is very visual, and has connections with Surrealism, still his style is difficult to define ; he was a praticcioner of experimental poetry and some call him an orphic or visionary poet ( that somehow reminds Ezra Pound ).

Dada is the groundwork to abstract art and sound poetry, a starting point for performance art, a prelude to postmodernism, an influence on pop art, a celebration of antiart to be later embraced for anarcho-political uses in the 1960s and the movement that lay the foundation for Surrealism.

When it was re-staged in 1923 in a more professional production, the play provoked a theatre riot ( initiated by André Breton ) that heralded the split within the movement that was to produce Surrealism.

Leader André Breton was explicit in his assertion that Surrealism was above all a revolutionary movement.

Surrealism developed out of the Dada activities during World War I and the most important center of the movement was Paris.

The movement in the mid-1920s was characterized by meetings in cafes where the Surrealists played collaborative drawing games, discussed the theories of Surrealism, and developed a variety of techniques such as automatic drawing.

Breton published Surrealism and Painting in 1928 which summarized the movement to that point, though he continued to update the work until the 1960s.

In the 1920s several composers were influenced by Surrealism, or by individuals in the Surrealist movement.

Anticolonial revolutionary writers in the Négritude movement of Martinique, a French colony at the time, took up Surrealism as a revolutionary method-a critique of European culture and a radical subjective.

However, Conroy Maddox, one of the first British Surrealists whose work in this genre dated from 1935, remained within the movement, and organized an exhibition of current Surrealist work in 1978 in response to an earlier show which infuriated him because it did not properly represent Surrealism.

However, art historian Sarane Alexandrian ( 1970 ) states, " the death of André Breton in 1966 marked the end of Surrealism as an organized movement.

During the 1980s, behind the Iron Curtain, Surrealism again entered into politics with an underground artistic opposition movement known as the Orange Alternative.

Feminists have in the past critiqued Surrealism, claiming that it is fundamentally a male movement and a male fellowship, despite celebrated women Surrealists such as Leonora Carrington ( 1917 – 2011 ), Leonor Fini, Kay Sage, Dorothea Tanning, Remedios Varo, and Toyen.

* Manifestoes of Surrealism containing the first, second and introduction to a possible third manifesto, the novel The Soluble Fish, and political aspects of the Surrealist movement.

Generally thought of as a Surrealist because of his interest in automatism and the use of sexual symbols ( for example, ovoids with wavy lines emanating from them ), Miró's style was influenced in varying degrees by Surrealism and Dada, yet he rejected membership in any artistic movement in the interwar European years.

Joan Miró was among the first artists to develop automatic drawing as a way to undo previous established techniques in painting, and thus, with André Masson, represented the beginning of Surrealism as an art movement.

Dada is the groundwork to abstract art and sound poetry, a starting point for performance art, a prelude to postmodernism, an influence on pop art, a celebration of antiart to be later embraced for anarcho-political uses in the 1960s and the movement that lay the foundation for Surrealism.

Surrealism was still in many ways a vital movement in the 1950s.

* July 6-A riot breaks out at the re-staging of Tristan Tzara's Dadaist play The Gas Heart at the Théâtre Michel, Paris, between those artists aligned with André Breton and those aligned with Tzara ; the conflict leads to a permanent split in the Dada movement and the founding of Surrealism as an alternative.

Surrealism took an interest in automatism and the unconscious, just like Spare's work, and although he did not think highly of the surrealists, he was often described at the time as a British forerunner of the surrealist movement ; indeed, the reporter Hubert Nicholson ran a story on him titled " Father of Surrealism – He's a Cockney !".

It was depicted as a literary movement that seeks to replicate a believable everyday reality, as opposed to such movements as Romanticism or Surrealism, in which subjects may receive highly symbolic, idealistic, or even supernatural treatment.

The movement has its theoretical roots in Dada and Surrealism.

Surrealism helped Carpentier to see contexts and aspects, especially those of American life, which he did not see before and after working among the leading artistic figures for some time, Carpentier did not feel overly enthusiastic about his work within surrealism and had felt that his “ surrealist attempts ha been in vain ” describing his frustration, as he felt he had “ nothing to add to this movement in France ".

In hindsight, the disunion of 1929-30 and the effects of Un Cadavre had very little negative impact upon Surrealism as Breton saw it, since core figures such as Aragon, Crevel, Dalí and Buñuel remained true the idea of group action, at least for the time being.

While Surrealism is typically associated with the arts, it has been said to transcend them ; Surrealism has had an impact in many other fields.

Surrealism has had an identifiable impact on radical and revolutionary politics, both directly — as in some Surrealists joining or allying themselves with radical political groups, movements and parties — and indirectly — through the way in which Surrealists ' emphasize the intimate link between freeing imagination and the mind, and liberation from repressive and archaic social structures.

After the Villa Savoye Corbusier's experimentation with Surrealism informed his design for the Beistegui apartments, but his next villa design, for Mademoiselle Mandrot near Toulon had a regionalist agenda and relied on local stone for its finish.

Time Travelers ' Potlatch is a game in which two or more players say what gift they would give to another person-this is usually an historical person who played a role in, or had an influence on, the formation of Surrealism.

At the root of Rothko and Gottlieb ’ s presentation of archaic forms and symbols as subject matter illuminating modern existence had been the influence of Surrealism, Cubism, and abstract art.

In 1942, following the success of shows by Ernst, Miró, Tanguy, and Salvador Dalí, who had immigrated to the United States because of the war, Surrealism took New York by storm.

In 1953, Loy moved to Aspen, Colorado, where her daughters Joella and Fabienne were already living ; Joella, who had been married to the art dealer of Surrealism in New York, Julien Levy, next married the Bauhaus artist and typographer Herbert Bayer.

Many of his early works were inspired by figures of European literature such as the Marquis de Sade and the Comte de Lautréamont, as well as by the French Surrealist movement, which had exerted an immense influence on Japanese art and literature, and had led to the creation of an autonomous and influential Japanese variant of Surrealism, whose most prominent figure was the poet Shuzo Takiguchii, who perceived Ankoku Butoh as a distinctively ' Surrealist ' dance-art form.

While in Madrid, Varo had her initial introduction to Surrealism through lectures, exhibitions, films and theater.

Varo soon joined a collective of artists and writers, called the Logicofobistas, who had an interest in Surrealism and wanted to unite art together with metaphysics while resisting logic and reason.

And during the twenties he continued to hold a prominent position, but he was no longer identified with the avant-garde since Cubism had already been replaced by Dada and Surrealism.

Surrealism had been developed by André Breton and others from the Dada movement.

The Dada movement — which began in a café in Switzerland in 1916 — came to Paris in 1920, but by 1924 the writers around Paul Éluard, André Breton, Louis Aragon and Robert Desnos -- heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud's notion of the unconscious -- had modified dada provocation into Surrealism.

The Figuration Libre falls under the prolongation of artists and historical movements whose specificity was the opening to marginalized forms of expression, as the Cubism had opened with African and Oceanian art, Surrealism with the children's and " art brut " drawings, Pop art with publicity and comic strip.

The Dada movement — which began in a café in Switzerland in 1916 — came to Paris in 1920, but by 1924 the writers around Paul Éluard, André Breton, Louis Aragon and Robert Desnos -- heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud's notion of the unconscious -- had modified dada provocation into Surrealism.