After a close reading of the Thesmophoriazousae, the historian Jane McIntosh Snyder observed that Agathon's costume was almost identical to that of the famous lyric poet Anacreon, as he is portrayed in early 5th-century vase-paintings.

Flavius Merobaudes was a 5th-century Latin rhetorician and poet, probably a native of Baetica in Spain.

Syracuse, Sicily | Syracuse ( Sicily ): The 5th-century BC Doric temple of Athena, transformed into a Christian church during the Middle Ages.

A 5th-century historian noted that the western sections of the Via Egnatia were in such a poor state that travellers could barely pass along it.

Geoffrey Ashe is one dissenter from this view, believing that Geoffrey's narrative is partially derived from a lost source telling of the deeds of a 5th-century British king named Riotamus, this figure being the original Arthur, although historians and Celticists have been reluctant to follow Ashe in his conclusions.

She writes that only three fragmentary manuscripts are known to have survived into the modern period, two 3rd-century fragments ( P. Rylands 463 and P. Oxyrhynchus 3525 ) published in 1938 and 1983, and a longer 5th-century Coptic translation ( Berolinensis Gnosticus 8052, 1 ) published in 1955.

Analyses have traced the development into local variants of the talud-tablero style at sites such as Tikal, where its use precedes the 5th-century appearance of iconographic motifs shared with Teotihuacan.

However, numerous fragments of his ten-book genealogies of the gods and heroes, which was written in the Ionian dialect to glorify the ancestors in the heroic age of his 5th-century patrons, have been preserved.

However, the sea may have been known to earlier mariners, as a poem by the late 4th century AD author, Rufus Festus Avienus, describes a portion of the Atlantic as being covered with seaweed, citing a now-lost account by the 5th-century BC Carthaginian explorer Himilco the Navigator.

" Since there is no other record of Buddhism having been adopted in 5th-century Gaya, modern scholars have interpreted this as an ancestral shrine rather than a Buddhist temple.

Dillon and Gergel posit the alternate possibility that the speech was composed by the 2nd-century CE Herodes Atticus, of whom we have extracts similar in spirit to Clement's fragment, and sound authentically 5th-century, exhibiting detailed knowledge of Thessalian politics.

However, Fulgentius ’ tendency to strip classical myth of all its manifest detail and replace it with ethical interpretations appears to have more in common with the late 5th-century writer Martianus Capella.

The 5th-century church ( its interior has been rebuilt ) sits, like the church of Saint Clement among others, upon a Roman mithraeum ( pagan sanctuary ); excavations beneath the cortile in 1988 – 1991 revealed the 4th-and 5th-century foundations of the grand basilica of San Lorenzo in Damaso, founded by pope Damasus I, and one of the most important early Christian churches in Rome.

The Roman Catholic Church does not consider the validity of an ecumenical council's teaching to be in any way dependent on where it is held or on the granting or withholding of prior authorization or legal status by any state, in line with the attitude of the 5th-century bishops who " saw the definition of the church's faith and canons as supremely their affair, with or without the leave of the Emperor " and who " needed no one to remind them that Synodical process pre-dated the Christianisation of the royal court by several centuries ".

According to a 4th / 5th-century biography translated by Kumārajīva, Nāgārjuna was born into a Brahmin family, and later became a Buddhist.

Related tales about a pact between man and the Devil include the legend of Theophilus of Adana, the 5th-century bishop ; and the plays Mariken van Nieumeghen ( Dutch, early 16th century, author unknown ) and Cenodoxus ( German, early 17th century, by Jacob Bidermann ).

The 5th-century mosaics of the triumphal arch are original: an inscription in the lower section attest they were done at the time of Leo I, paid by Galla Placidia.

An alternative Greek form, Μιν ( Min ), was cited by the 5th-century BCE historian Herodotus, a variant no longer considered the result of contamination from the name of the god Min.

According to Sebastian's 5th-century Acta Sanctorum, still attributed to Ambrose by the 17th-century hagiographer Jean Bolland, and the briefer account in Legenda Aurea, he was a man of Gallia Narbonensis who was taught in Milan and appointed as a captain of the Praetorian Guard under Diocletian and Maximian, who were unaware that he was a Christian.

Kusha school takes its name from its authoritative text, the Abidatsuma-kusha-ron ( Sanskrit: Abhidharma-kosa ), by the 4th-or 5th-century Indian philosopher Vasubandhu.

The quarter is recorded as regio XIV in the early 5th-century Notitia Urbis Constantinopolitanae, where it is recorded as being enclosed by a wall of its own.

The original 5th-century apse mosaic was replaced in 1559 by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari.

The objects included a Greek red-figure kylix from the 5th-century BC, signed by the painter Onesimos and the potter Euphronios as potter, looted from the Etruscan site of Cerveteri ; a torso of the god Mithra from the 2nd-century AD, and the head of a youth by the Greek sculptor Polykleitos.

Although early authors such as Aeschylus refer in passing to Menelaus ' early life, detailed sources are quite late, post-dating 5th-century BC Greek tragedy.

There was an intermediate period under the Late Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire when the title was given to governors in the Western parts of the Empire, such as Sicily — Stilicho, Aetius and other 5th-century magistri militari usefully exemplify the role and scope of the patricius at this point.

The adage was adapted from a statement found in Book 3 of Latin author Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus's tract De Re Militari ( 4th-or 5th-century ), although the idea it conveys is also present in earlier works, such as Plato's Nomoi ( Laws ).

The Old Syriac gospels are fragmentarily preserved in two manuscripts: the 5th-century Curetonian Syriac and the Sinaitic Syriac from the 4th or 5th century.

The 14th century also brought the plague and a host of reasons for retaining the 5th-century ( pre-Visigothic ) walls.

17212 manuscript which was discovered in 1853 and survives as a double palimpsest, that is, a 5th-century copy was overwritten in the 6th century with a Latin grammatical treatise and again in the 11th century with a Syriac translation of John Chrysostom's sermons.

The iconography of the mosaic was very similar to another 5th-century mosaic, destroyed in the 17th century, in Sant ' Andrea in Catabarbara.

The ancient Indian medical knowledge and plastic surgery techniques of the Sushruta samhita were practiced throughout Asia until the late 18th century ; the October 1794 issue of the contemporary British Gentleman ’ s Magazine reported the practice of rhinoplasty, as described in the 5th-century medical book, the Sushruta samhita.

In the 19th century it was believed that the toponym " Ambrosden " came from a diminutive derivative of the name Ambrosius Aurelianus, a 5th-century British commander of Roman descent, and that the commander had encamped close the present site of Ambrosden to help the neighbouring military garrison at Alchester in conflicts with the Anglo-Saxons.

The 5th-century AD Vishnusamhita, an appendix to the Vishnu Purana, refers directly to the modeling of wax for making metal objects in chapter XIV: " if an image is to be made of metal, it must first be made of wax .” Chapter 68 of the ancient Sanskrit text Mānasāra Silpa details casting idols in wax and is entitled " Maduchchhista vidhānam ", or " lost wax method ".

* Slater, Philip E. The Glory of Hera: Greek Mythology and the Greek Family ( Boston: Beacon Press ) 1968 ( Princeton University 1992 ISBN 0-691-00222-3 ) Concentrating on family structure in 5th-century Athens ; some of the crude usage of myth and drama for psychological interpreting of " neuroses " is dated.

The Knights is a satire on political and social life in 5th-century Athens, the characters are drawn from real life and Cleon is clearly intended to be the villain.

The 5th-century Notitia Dignitatum mentions a specialist unit of clibanarii known as the Equites Sagittarii Clibanarii-evidently a unit of heavily armored horse archers based on the heavy cavalry of contemporary Persian armies.

The legend of Ursula is based on a 4th-or 5th-century inscription from the Church of St. Ursula ( on the Ursulaplatz ) in Cologne.

Three elaborated hagiographies, all based ultimately on a lost 5th-century Passion, circulated in the Middle Ages.

Still the majority of the poems are the work of one hand the 5th-century monophysite who wrote the poem on the parrot.

However, an old tradition linked the book to Pope Gelasius I, apparently based on Walafrid Strabo's ascription of what is evidently this book to the 5th-century pope.

The most popular pet was a small dog, often represented on 5th-century BCE Attic gravestones.

For the content we are almost entirely dependent on a prose summary of the Cyclic epics contained in the Chrestomathy attributed to an unknown " Proclus " ( possibly to be identified with the 2nd-century CE grammarian Eutychius Proclus, or else with an otherwise unknown 5th-century grammarian ).