For about a decade, every student taking the 6. 004 class at MIT was part of a team — each team had one semester to design and build a simple 8 bit CPU out of 7400 series integrated circuits.

For small-scale logic, designers now use prefabricated logic gates from families of devices such as the TTL 7400 series by Texas Instruments and the CMOS 4000 series by RCA, and their more recent descendants.

After introduction in integrated circuit form in 1963 by Sylvania, TTL integrated circuits were manufactured by several semiconductor companies, with the 7400 series by Texas Instruments becoming particularly popular.

TTL became popular with electronic systems designers after Texas Instruments introduced the 5400 series of ICs, with military temperature range, in 1964 and the later 7400 series, specified over a narrower range, and with inexpensive plastic packages in 1966.

For example, the 74HCT00 series provides many drop-in replacements for bipolar 7400 series parts, but uses CMOS technology.

Most manufacturers offer commercial and extended temperature ranges: for example Texas Instruments 7400 series parts are rated from 0 to 70 ° C, and 5400 series devices over the military-specification temperature range of − 55 to + 125 ° C.

* Increasingly inexpensive logic chips such as the 7400 series allowed cheap dedicated circuitry for improved user interfaces such as keyboard input, instead of simply a row of switches to toggle bits one at a time.

The original 7400 series drivers ICs such as the 74141 BCD decoder driver ( or its Russian equivalent the K155ID1 ) have long since been out of production and are rarer than NOS tubes.

Application-specific standard products ( ASSPs ) are intermediate between ASICs and industry standard integrated circuits like the 7400 or the 4000 series.

Schottky metal – semiconductor junctions are featured in the successors to the 7400 TTL family of logic devices, the 74S, 74LS and 74ALS series, where they are employed as clamps in parallel with the collector-base junctions of the bipolar transistors to prevent their saturation, thereby greatly reducing their turn-off delays.

* LS, a low-power Schottky version of a 7400 series chip

They were introduced by RCA as CD4000 COS / MOS series in 1968, as a lower power and more versatile alternative to the 7400 series of TTL logic chips.

7400 series –

The 7400 series contains hundreds of devices that provide everything from basic logic gates, flip-flops, and counters, to special purpose bus transceivers and Arithmetic Logic Units ( ALU ).

Specific functions are described in a list of 7400 series integrated circuits.

Today, surface-mounted CMOS versions of the 7400 series are used in various applications in electronics and for glue logic in computers and industrial electronics.

The first part number in the series, the 7400, designates a device containing four two-input NAND gates.

Like the 4000 series, the newer CMOS versions of the 7400 series are also usable as analog amplifiers using negative feedback ( similar to operational amplifiers with only an inverting input ).

Before PALs were introduced, designers of digital logic circuits would use small-scale integration ( SSI ) components, such as those in the 7400 series TTL ( transistor-transistor logic ) family ; the 7400 family included a variety of logic building blocks, such as gates ( NOT, NAND, NOR, AND, OR ), multiplexers ( MUXes ) and demultiplexers ( DEMUXes ), flip flops ( D-type, JK, etc.

Another important advantage of standardized integrated circuit logic families, such as the 7400 and 4000 families, is that they can be cascaded.

7400 series parts were constructed using bipolar transistors, forming what is referred to as transistor – transistor logic or TTL.

As integrated circuits in the 7400 series were made in different technologies, usually compatibility was retained with the original TTL logic levels and power supply voltages.

Although the 7400 series was the first de facto industry standard TTL logic family to be second-sourced by several semiconductor companies, there were earlier TTL logic families such as the Sylvania SUHL ( Sylvania Universal High-level Logic ) family, Motorola MC4000 MTTL family ( not to be confused with RCA CD4000 CMOS ), the National Semiconductor DM8000 family, Fairchild 9300 series, and the Signetics 8200 family.

The part numbers for 7400 series logic devices often use the following naming convention, though specifics vary between manufacturers.

Monolithic Memories, Inc. ( MMI ) produced bipolar PROMs, programmable logic devices, and logic circuits ( including 7400 series TTL ).

Early NES mappers were made of 7400 series discrete logic chips .< sup >: 29 </ sup > The UNROM, implemented with two such chips, divided the program space into two 16 KiB banks.

Standard TTL NAND with a " totem-pole " output stage, one of four in 7400

At the time the 7400 series was being made, some European manufacturers ( that traditionally followed the Pro Electron naming convention ) such as Philips / Mullard produced a series of TTL integrated circuits with part names beginning FJ.

The Soviet Union started manufacturing TTL ICs with 7400 series pin-out in late 1960s and early 1970s.

pt: TTL 7400

This arrangement is less used today than during the 1970s ; it can be implemented with few transistors ( not so important today ) but is relatively difficult to balance and so keep to a low distortion ( the highly non-linear TTL circuits such as the 7400 use this arrangement ).

* List of 7400 series integrated circuits

* List of 7400 series integrated circuits

The 33-million transistor chip extended significantly the execution pipeline of 7400 ( 7 vs. 4 stages minimum ) to reach higher clock speeds, improved instruction throughput ( 3 + branch vs. 2 + branch per cycle ) to compensate for higher instruction latency, replaced an external L2 cache ( up to 2 MB 2-way set associative, 64-bit data path ) with an integrated one ( 256 KB 8-way set associative, 256-bit data path ), supported an external L3 cache ( up to 2 MB 8-way set associative, 64-bit data path ), and featured many other architectural advancements.

# REDIRECT List of 7400 series integrated circuits

Three-state outputs are implemented in many registers, bus drivers, and flip-flops in the 7400 and 4000 series as well as in other types, but also internally in many integrated circuits.

There are three launch pads: one at 29. 6700 N, 85. 3700 W at Cape San Blas ; and two on Santa Rosa Island at 30. 3800 N, 86. 7400 W and 30. 3800 N, 86. 8170 W. Rockets launched here have included Arcas, Nike Cajun, Nike Apaches, and Nike Iroquois.

** the number distinguishes variants with different number of inputs, or different number of elements within a die-ЛА1 / ЛА2 / ЛА3 ( LA1 / LA2 / LA3 ) are 2 four-input / 1 eight-input / 4 two-input NAND elements respectively ( equivalent to 7420 / 7430 / 7400 )

The coordinates of Nyanga are: 18 ° 12 ' 36. 00 " S, 32 ° 44 ' 24. 00 " E ( Latitude: 18. 2100 ; Longitude: 32. 7400 ).

* For several planets, a reduction in rent when many moons are owned ( for example, rent on Ganymede if you have eleven moons of Jupiter is $ 4630, instead of $ 7400 ).

The Remington Model 7600 series rifles and carbines are popular with many hunters and target shooters in places like North America and Australia on the grounds that it is a good " cross-over " firearm for people who are used to handling and shooting pump-action shotguns like the Remington Model 870 or semi-automatic hunting rifles like the Remington Model 7400.

The state highway system consists of about 8000 miles ( 13000 km ) of state highways ( roadways owned and maintained by ODOT ), with about 7400 miles ( 12000 km ) when minor connections and frontage roads are removed.