The lowlands, which included much of the Acadian French regions of Louisiana and the surrounding area, included a varied diet heavily influenced by Africans and Caribbeans, rather than just the French.

After the French ceded its colonies on Newfoundland and the Acadian mainland to the British by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, the French relocated the population of Plaisance, Newfoundland to Île Royale and the French garrison was established in the central eastern part at Ste.

The island's residents can be grouped into five main cultures ; Scottish, Mi ' kmaq, Acadian, Irish, and English, with respective languages Gaelic ( Scottish and Irish ), Mi ' kmaq, French, and English.

Acadian refugees, who largely came from what is now modern-day New Brunswick and Nova Scotia adapted their French rustic cuisine to local ingredients such as rice, crawfish, sugar cane, and sassafras.

Duvivier and the twenty men retreated up the Northeast River ( Hillsborough River ), pursued by the New Englanders until the French troops received reinforcements from the Acadian militia and the Mi ' kmaq.

* Basques, Bretons, Normans ( French fishermen ), French Canadians, including descendants of Acadian refugees, and a number of descendants of Newfoundlanders.

While Lower Louisiana had been settled by French colonists since the late 18th century, the Cajuns trace their roots to the influx of Acadian settlers after the Great Expulsion from their homeland during the French and Indian War ( 1754 to 1763 ).

During the French and Indian War ( part of the Seven Years ' War and known by that name in Canada and Europe ), the British sought to neutralize the Acadian military threat and to interrupt their vital supply lines to Louisbourg by deporting Acadians from Acadia.

Surnames of the original Acadian settlers ( which are documented ) have been augmented by French and non-French family names that have become part of Cajun communities.

Formerly it was used to refer solely to Quebec French and the closely related varieties of Ontario and Western Canada, but is no longer usually felt to exclude Acadian French, which is also spoken in some areas of eastern Quebec.

Basically, they are dialects of Quebec French with a phonological adstrat from Acadian French, spoken in the St. Lawrence delta and Baie des Chaleurs area.

The morphology though is thoroughly Quebec French and not related to Acadian French: Absence of AF 1st person plural clitic je instead of QF on, no AF plural endings in-on on 1st and 3rd person verbs, no simple pasts in-i -, etc.

The Dictionnaire historique du français québécois lists 15 different meanings of poutine in Quebec and Acadian French, most of which are for kinds of food ; the word poutine in the meaning " fries with cheese and gravy " is dated to 1978.

Louisianans descended from the French Acadians of Canada are not creoles at all in the strictest sense but are referred to as, and identify as, ' Cajuns ' - a derivation of the word Acadian, indicating French Canadian settlers as ancestors.

These models are often referred to as Pontiacs, but in fact were never marketed as such, nor did they ever wear Pontiac badges ( although the Acadian and Beaumont emblem was in fact, similar to the Pontiac Arrowhead ).

Because of these administrative duties, he could not participate in the fall of Fortress Louisbourg in 1758, but later that same year, the now Colonel Monckton did lead a force of 2, 000 men in the clearance of Acadian resistance ( and the removal of the Acadian civilian population ) from the lower Saint John River valley during the St. John River Campaign.

He also took leadership in helping create equality between the province's Acadian minority and English Canadian majority.

The Acadian settlers built dykes to create farmland from the area's saltmarsh.

Though early settlers included French, Acadian, German, Danish and Irish, the town's culture and architecture is heavily influenced by the unusually large numbers of English that chose to settle there after the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.

Spanish authorities also granted permission for a large number of French-speaking Acadian exiles to relocate from northeastern North America to Louisiana.

A period of lithospheric thinning that followed the Acadian orogeny created volcanoes, such as the large Mount Pleasant Caldera in southwestern New Brunswick, Canada.

The Edmundston area, despite having a large population of Acadian ancestry, has always been a separate culture from the rest of French New Brunswick.

The rocks of the Catskill are predominantly red sandstone indicating a large scale terrestrial deposition during the Acadian orogeny.

The French-speaking Acadian population believed this to be an anti-francophone policy, so the CoR had no support in areas with large francophone populations.

See also Chiac, a variety with strong English influence, and Saint Mary's Bay French, a distinct variety of Acadian French spoken around Clare and also Tusket, Nova Scotia.

Accordng to Acadian historian Maurice Basque, the story of Evangeline continues to influence historic accounts of the deportation, emphasising neutral Acadians and de-emphasising those who resisted the British Empire.

The roots and base of Chiac are Acadian French, a spoken French often tinged with nautical terms ( e. g. haler, embarquer ), reflecting the historic importance of the sea to the local economy, as well as older French words ( e. g., bailler, quérir, hucher, gosier ), many deemed archaic by the Académie Française, testimony to three centuries of relative isolation of Acadian communities from French influence.

The Poitevin-Saintongese language has had an influence in Quebec French, Acadian and Cajun.

The influence of these dialects on Acadian French is acknowledged to be stronger than on Quebec French.

This speech stems from the influence of Acadian settlers residing in French communities throughout Cape Breton, resulting in many loanwords.

The French minority, a mix of Acadian, French and Basque, has had an important influence on the area's culture.

It is thought to be an amalgam of Acadian French ( Cajun ) and American Indian cultural influence, and the name is likely to derive from the French interpretation of the Native American name.

In this scenario, Acadian colonists substituted local ingredients for those commonly included in the original stew.

* Lieutenant Governor Michael Francklin of Nova Scotia travels to northern England to seek immigrants to replace those displaced by the Acadian expulsion.

These garnets were linked to those in isolated Dalradian sediments in the North-West, providing evidence for post-Early Devonian ( Acadian ) movement to be only few tens of kilometers.

Following the Seven Years ' War, empty Acadian lands were settled first by New England Planters and then by immigrants brought from Yorkshire.

The Spanish colonial government settled the earliest group of Acadian exiles west of New Orleans, in what is now south-central Louisiana — an area known at the time as Attakapas, and later the center of the Acadiana region.

Not all Cajuns descend solely from Acadian exiles who settled in south Louisiana in the 18th century, as many have intermarried with other groups.

It was settled in the early 19th century by French Acadian farmers.

Cajun was not only spoken by the Cajun people but also by other ethnic groups that lived in Acadian settled areas.

Beaubassin was settled in 1672, the second Acadian village to be established after Port Royal.

The area was settled in the 1760s by New England Planters after the Acadian Expulsion.

A number of Irish families and several Acadian families settled later.

Later, some of the lands already settled by the Acadians were granted to anglophones, although after decades of petitioning the Quebéc government, some of the Acadian settlers were able to gain title to the lands they occupied.

In 1857, a group of Acadian families from the Magdalen Islands, who had previously been deported from Savannah ( Georgia, USA ), settled on Eskimo Point ( Pointe aux Esquimaux ).

According to the local population, the Abraham's Cove site was first settled in the late 19th century by the Duffey family, of mixed Acadian and Mi ' kmaq ancestry.

Following the Acadian Expulsion in the 1750s, the island was settled by the New England Planters from Cape Cod and nearby Nantucket Island.