Among other uses, PPP rates facilitate international comparisons of income, as market exchange rates are often volatile, are affected by political and financial factors that do not lead to immediate changes in income and tend to systematically understate the standard of living in poor countries, due to the Balassa – Samuelson effect.

However, in practice the real exchange rates exhibit both short run and long run deviations from this value, for example due to reasons illuminated in the Balassa – Samuelson theorem.

# An economic model predicting the above, based on the assumption that productivity or productivity growth-rates vary more by country in the traded goods ' sectors than in other sectors ( the Balassa – Samuelson hypothesis ).

The Balassa – Samuelson effect depends on inter-country differences in the relative productivity of the tradable and non-tradable sectors.

The simplest model which generates a Balassa – Samuelson effect has two countries, two goods ( one tradable, and a country specific nontradable ) and one factor of production, labor.

# REDIRECT Balassa – Samuelson effect

# REDIRECT Balassa – Samuelson effect

* Balassa – Samuelson effect-an international trade model with traded and non-traded economic sectors

# REDIRECT Balassa – Samuelson effect

* The Balassa – Samuelson effect describes the effect of variable Solow residuals: it assumes that mass-produced traded goods have a higher residual than does the service sector.

In the following years, Máté Csák occupied the possessions of the Balassa family in the two counties and he also took several castles in Nógrád and Hont counties.

Along with Bakócz and Ulászló graduals, they conserve also the Balassa Bible, in which Balassa ’ s uncle, Balassa András wrote down the circumstances of his birth and death.

The building of the Balassa Bálint Museum that was built in Baroque style on medieval bases and is located in Víziváros ( Watertown ), served as the first town hall of Esztergom county after the Turks had been driven out of the region.

*** Bálint Balassi ( aka Balassa ) ( 1554, Zólyom-1594 ), " Baron of Kékkő and ( Balassa -) Gyarmat "

Juncture loss occurred in this case as well, since az was the only article in use in 16th century Hungarian ( e. g. in the poetry of Bálint Balassa ).

" The collections of Balassa and Little et al.

* Toward Renewed Economic Growth in Latin America, by Bela Balassa, Gerardo M. Bueno, Pedro-Pablo Kuczynski, and Mario Henrique ( Institute for International Economics, 1986 ).

In the 1970s and early 1980s, the modernists at the World Bank and IMF adopted the neoliberal ideas of economists such as Milton Friedman or Bela Balassa, which were implemented in the form of structural adjustment programs, while their opponents were promoting various ' bottom up ' approaches, ranging from civil disobedience and conscientization to appropriate technology and Rapid Rural Appraisal.

In 1594, during the unsuccessful but devastating siege by the walls of the Víziváros, Bálint Balassa, the first Hungarian poet who gained European significance, died in action.

Inside are epitaphs of Zigmund Balassa, Alzbeta Zborovska, tombstone of Rafael Podmaintzky remains of caryatids and the depiction of the old town on the Balassa tombstone.

This article deals with point ( 2 ): Balassa and Samuelson's causal model.

In 1549 Zsigmond Balassa, the new owner of the Diósgyőr estate, destroyed the monastery and occupied its estates.

Its owners, the Gyarmati Balassa family turned it into a large fortress, and they had an Italian-style rondelle built to the north-western tower.

* Bálint Balassa ( 1554 – 1594 )-Celebrated poet during the same war against the Ottomans, giving voice to love and honor.

* 1958 – Gar Samuelson, American drummer ( Megadeth ) ( d. 1999 )

* Samuelson, Paul, Foreword to " Understanding Inflation and the Implications for Monetary Policy: A Phillips Curve Retrospective ", FRBB Conference Series 53, June 9 – 11, 2008, Chatham, Massachusetts.

* 2001 – David N. Samuelson ( USA )

Gary C. " Gar " Samuelson ( February 18, 1958 in Dunkirk, New York – July 14, 1999 in Orange City, Florida ) was a drummer best remembered for his work with the thrash metal band Megadeth from 1984 – 1987, contributing to their first 2 albums.

Paul Samuelson finds in Smith's pluralist use of supply and demand — as applied to wages, rents, and profit – a valid and valuable anticipation of the general equilibrium modelling of Walras a century later.

* Laguerre – Samuelson inequality

The Stolper – Samuelson theorem is a basic theorem in Heckscher – Ohlin type trade theory.

It was derived in 1941 from within the framework of the Heckscher – Ohlin model by Wolfgang Stolper and Paul Samuelson, but has subsequently been derived in less restricted models.

However, more sophisticated models with multiple classes of worker productivity have been shown to produce the Stolper – Samuelson effect within each class of labour: Unskilled workers producing traded goods in a high-skill country will be worse off as international trade increases, because, relative to the world market in the good they produce, an unskilled first world production-line worker is a less abundant factor of production than capital.

The Stolper – Samuelson theorem is closely linked to the factor price equalization theorem, which states that, regardless of international factor mobility, factor prices will tend to equalize across countries that do not differ in technology.

" As for the Stolper – Samuelson theorem itself, Davis and Mishra ( 2006 ) pointed recently that " t is time to declare Stolper – Samuelson dead.

# REDIRECT Stolper – Samuelson theorem

# REDIRECT Stolper – Samuelson theorem

The ANOVA F – test ( of the null-hypothesis that all treatments have exactly the same effect ) is recommended as a practical test, because of its robustness against many alternative distributions.

* 1937 – The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 is passed in America, the effect of which is to render marijuana and all its by-products illegal.

* Substitutionary effect of atonement – Arminians also affirm with Calvinists the substitutionary effect of Christ's atonement and that this effect is limited only to the elect.

* 1973 – The Pakistani Constitution of 1973 comes into effect.

* 1253 – Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk, propounds Nam Myoho Renge Kyo for the very first time and declares it to be the essence of Buddhism, in effect founding Nichiren Buddhism.

It is because Roma entered 2010 – 11 UEFA Champions League which counter-weight the effect of the new collective agreement of Serie A.

In a final twist, Bradley later went on to discover the existence of the nutation of the Earth's axis – the effect that he had originally considered to be the cause of aberration.

Sensitivity of the instrument was increased by using additional turns of wire to multiply the effect – the instruments were called " multipliers ".

Existence is not being ; it gives being – here a customary phrase is used, existence is a principle ( a source ) of being, not a previous source, but one which is continually in effect.

In February 1705, Queen Anne, who had made Marlborough a Duke in 1702, granted him the Park of Woodstock and promised a sum of £ 240, 000 to build a suitable house as a gift from a grateful crown in recognition of his victory – a victory which British historian Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy considered one of the pivotal battles in history, writing – " Had it not been for Blenheim, all Europe might at this day suffer under the effect of French conquests resembling those of Alexander in extent and those of the Romans in durability.

Lloyd George and the Conservative leader Andrew Bonar Law wrote a joint letter of support to candidates to indicate they were considered the official Coalition candidates – this " coupon " as it became known was issued against many sitting Liberal MPs, often to devastating effect, though not against Asquith himself.

CPA guidelines note that after 4 – 6 weeks the effect of benzodiazepines may decrease to the level of placebo, and that benzodiazepines are less effective than antidepressants in alleviating ruminative worry, the core symptom of GAD.

* Baptismal regeneration – overview of doctrinal debate about the effect of the baptism rite.

However, Pol Pot biographer David Chandler argues that the bombing " had the effect the Americans wanted – it broke the Communist encirclement of Phnom Penh ".

* setting the official interest rate – used to manage both inflation and the country's exchange rate – and ensuring that this rate takes effect via a variety of policy mechanisms

By 1982, the perceived passivity of the FARC, together with the relative success of the government's efforts against the M-19 and ELN, enabled the administration of the Liberal Party's Julio César Turbay ( 1978 – 1982 ) to lift a state-of-siege decree that had been in effect, on and off, for most of the previous 30 years.

The simplest type of ab initio electronic structure calculation is the Hartree – Fock ( HF ) scheme, an extension of molecular orbital theory, in which the correlated electron – electron repulsion is not specifically taken into account ; only its average effect is included in the calculation.

* Stabila-Tip – Cessna started commonly using wingtip fuel tanks, but carefully shaped for aerodynamic effect rather than just tubular-shaped.

The Viking siege of Paris ( 885 – 6 A. D .) “ saw the employment by both sides of virtually every instrument of siege craft known to the classical world, including a variety of catapults ,” to little effect, resulting in failure.

* Catenary Demonstration Experiment – An easy way to demonstrate the Mathematical properties of a cosh using the hanging cable effect.