By 69, however, Civilis, the Batavi regiments and the Batavi people had become utterly disaffected with Rome.

After the Batavi regiments were withdrawn from Britain to Italy in 66, Civilis and his brother ( also a prefect ) were arrested by the governor of Germania Inferior on false suspicion of treason: his brother was executed, and Civilis sent to Rome in chains for judgement by Nero.

The Batavi regiments duly helped Vitellius overthrow Otho at the Battle of Bedriacum.

The Batavi were an ancient Germanic tribe, originally part of the Chatti, that lived around the Rhine delta, in the area that the Romans called Batavia and that is currently the Netherlands, from the second half of the first century BC to the third century AD.

The name is also applied to several military units employed by the Romans that were originally raised among the Batavi.

The Batavi were mentioned by Julius Caesar in his commentary Commentarii de Bello Gallico, as living on an island formed by the Rhine River after it splits, one arm being the Waal the other the Lower Rhine / Old Rhine ( hence the Latin name Insula Batavorum, " Island of the Batavi ").

It is unclear whether the existing inhabitants were subjugated, with the Batavi forming a ruling elite, or simply displaced.

But the sources suggest the Batavi were able to swim across rivers actually wearing full armour and weapons.

The Batavi were still mentioned in 355 during the reign of Constantius II ( 317-361 ), when their island was already dominated by the Salii, a Frankish tribe that had sought Roman protection there in 297 after having been expelled from their own country by the Saxons.

The settlement appears to have been abandoned by the Romans after the devastating Battle of the Teutoburg Forest failed in the year 9 AD. The Chatti were also involved in the Revolt of the Batavi in the year 69 AD.

" The Batavi were an ancient Germanic tribe often mentioned by classical authors, and they were regularly associated with the Suebian marauders, the Heruli.

At the time of Gaius Julius Civilis | Civilis ' revolt ( 69 AD ), most such boats were manned by Batavi crews.

Nero's plan was never realized, and four cohorts saw service in Judea during the first revolt of AD 69 – 70, while the other six cohorts were involved in the Revolt of the Batavi in the same year.

Cerealis offered it terms, which eventually it was forced to take, as were the Batavi.

In the Low Countries, this phase began when the Franks, themselves a union of multiple smaller tribes ( many of them, such as the Batavi, Chauci, Chamavi and Chattuarii, were already living in the Low Countries prior to the forming of the Frankish confederation ), began to incur the northwestern provinces of the Roman Empire.

Vitellius ' general in Germania Inferior, ordered to raise more troops, squandered the goodwill of the Batavi by attempting to conscript more Batavi than the maximum stipulated in their treaty.

The Batavi ( the name is believed to derive from a West Germanic root also present in " better " ( possibly meaning " superior men ")) moved into the Betuwe in the late 1st century BC.

For this reason it is also uncertain whether the Batavi remained Germanic-speaking or adopted the Belgic Gallic tongue of the indigenes.

The first Batavi commander we know of is named Chariovalda, who led a charge across the Visurgin ( Weser ) against the Cherusci led by Arminius during the campaigns of Germanicus in Germania Transrhenana.

Tacitus ( De origine et situ Germanorum XXIX ) described the Batavi as the bravest of the tribes of the area, hardened in the Germanic wars, with cohorts under their own commanders transferred to Britannia.

The Batavi also provided a contingent for the Emperor's Horse Guard.

Numerous altars and tombstones of the cohorts of Batavi, dating to the 2nd century and 3rd century, have been found along Hadrian's Wall, notably at Castlecary and Carrawburgh, Germany, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Romania and Austria.

Despite the alliance, one of the high-ranking Batavi, Julius Paullus, to give him his Roman name, was executed by Fonteius Capito on a false charge of rebellion.

In the Late Roman army there was a unit called Batavi.

The name of the Bavarian town of Passau descends from the Roman Batavis, which was named after the Batavi.

The epigraphy of Batavi and other Lower Rhine tribes ", in Ton Derks, Nico Roymans ( ed.

* Roman legions V Alaudae and XV Primigenia are destroyed by the Batavi.

Hermann ( 1906 ) identifies as such * ansulaikom the victory songs of the Batavi after defeating Quintus Petillius Cerialis in the Batavian rebellion of 69 AD ( according to Tacitus ' account ), and also the " nefarious song " accompanied by " running in a circle " around the head of a decapitated goat sacrificed to ( he presumes ) Wodan, sung by the Lombards at their victory celebration in 579 according to the report of Pope Gregory the Great ( Dialogues ch.

Theodosius arrived in 368 with the Batavi, Heruli, Jovii and Victores legions.

Later that year he led a naval expedition against Germanic tribes along the North Sea coast, conquering the Batavi and the Frisii, and defeating the Chauci near the mouth of the Weser.

In AD 69 the Batavi and other tribes rose against Roman rule in the Revolt of the Batavi, becoming a general uprising by all the Germans in the region.

Led by Cerialis, the Romans gave as good as they had gotten, ultimately forcing a humiliating peace on the Batavi and stationing a legion on their territory.

Passau was an ancient Roman colony of ancient Noricum called Batavis, Latin for " for the Batavi.

Farmers were recruited into regiments for this work from August to October — a period of food shortage — under the control of city temple authorities, thus acting as a form of unemployment relief.

Hay and Ross's dismounted dragoons were also sent, but suffered under a counter-charge delivered by the regiments of Artois and Provence under command of Colonel de la Silvière.

While these included elite Bersaglieri, Alpini and Cacciatori units, a large proportion of the troops were inexperienced conscripts recently drafted from metropolitan regiments in Italy into newly formed " di formazione " battalions for service in Africa.

During the 17th century cavalry in Europe lost most of its armor, ineffective against the muskets and cannon which were coming into use, and by the mid-19th century armor had mainly fallen into disuse, although some regiments retained a small thickened cuirass that offered protection against lances and sabres and some protection against shot.

The best known instance of the continued employment of mounted tribal auxiliaries were the Cossack cavalry regiments of Tsarist Russia.

Britain's only cuirassiers were the Household Cavalry, but Dragoon Guards regiments were classed as heavy cavalry.

In the early American Civil War the regular United States Army mounted rifle, dragoon, and two existing cavalry regiments were reorganized and renamed cavalry regiments, of which there were six.

Over a hundred other federal and state cavalry regiments were organized, but the infantry played a much larger role in many battles due to its larger numbers, lower cost per rifle fielded, and much easier recruitment.

A single attempt by the German army, on 12 August 1914, to use six regiments of massed cavalry to cut off the Belgian field army from Antwerp foundered when they were driven back in disorder by rifle fire.

In the British Army, all cavalry regiments were mechanised between 1929 and 1941, redefining their role from horse to armoured vehicles to form the Royal Armoured Corps together with the Royal Tank Regiment.

The thirty-nine regiments of the Indian Army were reduced to twenty-one as the result of a series of amalgamations immediately following World War I.

The new establishment remained unchanged until 1936 when three regiments were redesignated as permanent training units, each with six, still mounted, regiments linked to them.

Dragoon regiments were converted to motorised infantry ( trucks and motor cycles ), and cuirassiers to armoured units ; while light cavalry ( Chasseurs a ' Cheval, Hussars and Spahis ) remained as mounted sabre squadrons.

Delaware is notable for being the only slave state from which no Confederate regiments or militia groups were assembled.

Dragoon regiments were established in most European armies during the late 17th and early 18th centuries.

Supplied with inferior horses and more basic equipment, the dragoon regiments were cheaper to recruit and maintain than the expensive regiments of cavalry.

To reduce military budgets all horse ( cavalry ) regiments were gradually demoted to dragoons from 1746 onward — which meant they were paid on a lower scale.

Starting in 1756, seven regiments of Light Dragoons were raised.