It was originally meant to boost the morale of Polish soldiers serving under General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski in the Polish Legions, which were part of the French Revolutionary Army led by General Napoléon Bonaparte in its conquest of Italy.

The coins were originally minted in two denominations, 20 and 40 francs for Napoleon Bonaparte.

Beethoven had originally conceived of dedicating the symphony to Napoleon Bonaparte.

Beethoven's third symphony was originally called " Bonaparte ".

Plantard originally claimed these genealogies had been compiled by a Doctor Hervé and Abbé Pichon ( 1828 – 1905 ), originally at the request of Napoleon Bonaparte, who found out about the Merovingian survival from Abbé Sieyrès.

* Ludwig van Beethoven had originally conceived of dedicating his Third Symphony to Napoleon Bonaparte.

" Eroica " was originally dedicated to Bonaparte ; then, when Napoleon crowned himself Emperor, Beethoven rededicated Sinfonia eroica, composta per festeggiare il sovvenire d ' un grand ' uomo ( Heroic symphony, composed to celebrate the memory of a great man ) and called it Eroica.

The Ordre National des Palmes Academiques was originally founded by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte as the highest decoration to for French scholars.

Ostensibly Napoleon Bonaparte ( born as Nabulione Buonaparte ) was born at Ajaccio in the same year as the Battle of Ponte Novu, 1769.

* The house in which Napoleon Bonaparte was born in 1769 is preserved as Casa Buonaparte, and his associations with the town are everywhere emphasized by street-names and statues.

Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, Prince Français, Comte de Saint-Leu ( 2 September 1778 – 25 July 1846 ), King of Holland ( 1806 – 10 ), was the fifth surviving child and the fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino.

Lucien Bonaparte, Prince Français, 1st Prince of Canino and Musignano ( 21 May 1775 – 29 June 1840 ), born Luciano Buonaparte, was the third surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and his wife Letizia Ramolino.

Napoleon Bonaparte | Napoleone Buonaparte, a Corsican: he and the House of Bonaparte were of continental Italian ancestry.

Maria Anna ( Marie Anne ) Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi Levoy, Princesse Française, Duchess of Lucca and Princess of Piombino, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Countess of Compignano ( 3 January 1777 – 7 August 1820 ), was the fourth surviving child and eldest surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino.

Maria Annunziata Carolina ( Marie Annonciade Caroline ) Murat ( née Bonaparte ) ( 25 March 1782 – 18 May 1839 ), better known as Caroline Bonaparte, was the seventh surviving child and third surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino, and a younger sister of Napoleon I of France.

The original coat of arms of the Bonaparte family.

The arms of the Bonaparte family were: Gules two bends sinister between two mullets or.

Napoleon I is the most prominent name associated with the Bonaparte family because he conquered much of the Western world during the early part of the 19th century.

The headship of the family is in dispute between Charles Napoléon, born 1950, great-great-grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte by his second marriage ; and his son Jean-Christophe ( born 1986 ) who was appointed heir in the will of his grandfather Prince Louis Napoléon.

Of these include the Wattier family and its union with the Bonaparte family.

* Genealogy of the Bonaparte family

* The coat of arms of the Tuscan branch of Bonaparte family in State Archives of Florence

This was emended to the family Pterodactylidae by Prince Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1838.

It housed the Bonaparte family, mainly Josephine Bonaparte, but also several others key political figures of 1800, such as Count Joseph Radetzky von Radetz and Eugène de Beauharnais.

The power of the Bonaparte family was tottering to its fall ; and Paisiello's fortunes fell with it.

She married Prince Napoléon Victor Jérôme Frédéric Bonaparte ( 1862 – 1926 ), head of the Bonaparte family.

He married Susan May Williams, and it is from them that the American line of the Bonaparte family descended.

When Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial, died in 1879, Prince Napoleon became the genealogically most senior member of the Bonaparte family, but the Prince Imperial's will excluded him from the succession, nominating Prince Napoleon's son Napoléon Victor Jérôme Frédéric Bonaparte as the new head of the family.

His grandson Louis Bonaparte ( Brussels, 1914 – 1997 ) was a pretender of Bonaparte dynasty, and Louis's son, prince Charles Marie Jérôme Victor ( born 1950 ), is the current head of the family.

He was the son of Jérôme Napoleon Bonaparte ( 1805 – 1870 ) and Susan May Williams ( 1812 – 1881 ), from whom the American line of the Bonaparte family descended, and a grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte, the youngest brother of Emperor Napoleon I.

( Musseli told friends she had not wanted to sell her home, but that Lerner urged her to cut her ties with her native city and that she entrusted Lerner with the proceeds of the sale, for investment in the U. S .) The daughter of a World War One French war hero and herself an unsung heroine of the Resistance, whose Corsican forebears were intimates of Napoleon Bonaparte, she later made Lerner the gift of a chateau in France after he declared to her that he wanted a French rural retreat where he could write.

Hannibal, Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte were all skilled generals and, consequently, their armies were extremely successful.

A more pressing problem for Brueys was a lack of food and water for the fleet: Bonaparte had unloaded almost all of the provisions carried aboard and no supplies were reaching the ships from the shore.

Over the next few days all but 200 of the captured prisoners were landed on shore under strict terms of parole, although Bonaparte later ordered them to be formed into an infantry unit and added to his army.

Inviting his most senior officers to dinner, Bonaparte asked them how they were.

When they replied that they were " marvellous ", Bonaparte responded that it was just as well, since he would have them shot if they continued " fostering mutinies and preaching revolt.

The Ottomans, with whom Bonaparte had hoped to conduct an alliance once his control of Egypt was complete, were encouraged by the Battle of the Nile to go to war with France.

In addition to Bonaparte himself, Louis Alexandre Berthier, Auguste de Marmont, Jean Lannes, Joachim Murat, Louis Desaix, Jean Reynier, Antoine-François Andréossy, Jean-Andoche Junot, Louis-Nicolas Davout and Dumas were all passengers on the cramped Mediterranean crossing.

Royalist invasion forces were defeated at Toulon in 1793, leaving the French republican forces in an offensive position and granting a young officer, Napoleon Bonaparte, a certain fame.

That the Louisiana Purchase was illegal was described pointedly by the historian Henry Adams, who wrote: " The sale of Louisiana to the United States was trebly invalid ; if it were French property, Bonaparte could not constitutionally alienate it without the consent of the Chambers ; if it were Spanish property, he could not alienate it at all ; if Spain had a right of reclamation, his sale was worthless.

Despite issuing orders that the 60 million francs were to be spent on the construction of five new canals in France, Bonaparte spent the whole amount on his planned invasion of the United Kingdom.

Gance wrote in the technical scenario that the camera " defends itself as if it were Bonaparte himself.

Remnants of an ancient west-east canal, running through the ancient Egyptian cities of Bubastis, Pi-Ramesses, and Pithom were discovered by Napoleon Bonaparte and his cadre of engineers and cartographers in 1799.

They were finally abolished by order of Jérôme Bonaparte, king of Westphalia, in 1811.

They were finally abolished by order of Jérôme Bonaparte, king of Westphalia, in 1811.

Bonaparte supported judgment juries, and they were finally adopted.

When Louis Bonaparte carried out a coup against the French government and made himself president for life on December 2, 1851, Marx and Engels, like many people, were shocked.

At the siege of Toulon, the British were expelled by a French force whose artillery was led by a young captain, Napoleon Bonaparte.

The Batavian Republic became a client state, first of that " sister-republic ", and later of the French Empire of Napoleon Bonaparte, and its politics were deeply influenced by the French who supported no fewer than three coups d ' état to bring the different political factions to power that France favored at different moments in her own historical development.

Louis Bonaparte died on 25 July 1846 in Livorno, and his remains were buried at Saint-Leu-la-Forêt, Île-de-France.