The protection of the private key is the idea behind the United States Department of Defense's Common Access Card ( CAC ), which never allows the key to leave the card and therefore necessitates the possession of the card in addition to the personal identification number ( PIN ) code necessary to unlock the card for permission to use it for encryption and digital signatures.

In May 2001, Orange SA is listed in the CAC 40, the benchmark stock market index of the top 40 French companies in terms of market capitalisation.

The CAC 40 ( ) is a benchmark French stock market index.

The CAC 40 index composition is reviewed quarterly by an independent Index Steering Committee ().

From the top 100 companies in this ranking, forty are chosen to enter the CAC 40 such that it is " a relevant benchmark for portfolio management " and " a suitable underlying asset for derivatives products ".

The CAC 40 is a market value-weighted index.

The index value I of the CAC 40 index is calculated using the following formula:

Although the CAC 40 is almost exclusively composed of French-domiciled companies, about 45 % of its listed shares are owned by foreign investors, more than any other main European index.

This large percentage is due to the fact that CAC 40 companies are more international, or multinational, than any other European market.

The CAC is dialled as a prefix immediately before dialing a long-distance phone number.

There is a new sublayer called Channel Access and Control sublayer ( CAC ).

It is also part of the CAC 40 stock market index.

Another technique is to perform a PCR with primers that have repetitive histidine codons ( CAT or CAC ) right next to the START or STOP codon in addition to several ( 16 or more ) bases from one end of the DNA encoding the protein to be tagged, see primer example.

* United States Army Combined Arms Center ( CAC ) which among its various responsibilities is the United States Army Command and General Staff College, which includes a degrees granting graduate school for U. S. and allied soldiers and officers.

Speed School of Engineering also offers a B. S. degree in Computer Science that is accredited by the Computer Accreditation Commission ( CAC ) of ABET.

Bouygues is listed on Euronext Paris exchange and is a blue chip in the CAC 40 stock market index.

She replied that " the FN is not the friend of the CAC 40 and is fighting the social regression brought about by the MEDEF and inflicted on the French people by the allies of the UMP and the PS ".

Lisvane ( CAC ) Tennis Club is located just north of Lisvane and Thornhill railway station and is the tennis section of the Cardiff Athletic Club.

The Cultural Activity Centre ( CAC ) is the university's biggest centre, used as a venue for the annual convocation ceremony.

Accor is a French hotel group, part of the CAC 40 index, which operates in over 91 countries.

Finally, the National Executive Committee is made up of the five CAC Regional Chairpersons as well as by the National Chairperson who are responsible for liaison between the committees and the CSC HQ, monitor and review all policies or actions of the CSC at the local, regional and national levels and adopts cohesive stragety for all committees.

Rexel is included in several share indexes: SBF 120, CAC Mid 100, CAC All-Trade, CAC AllShares, FTSE EuroMid, FTSE4Goo and STOXX600, ASPI Eurozone and MSCI Global Standard Europe.

CAC and its predecessor CTC have achieved a number of firsts, including being the first Dell supercomputer deployment ( first Dell system to make " Top 500 " supercomputer list ); the first & fastest IBM Scalable POWERparallel System SP2 supercomputer deployment ( serial number 1 ); the first parallel version of MATLAB ( MultiMATLAB ) designed with the MATLAB product ; and the first parallel job scheduler for Windows.

* CAC Woomera, a prototype bomber aircraft designed by Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation during World War II

CAC also made significant contributions, including design and production of the CAC Boomerang-the only fighter plane designed in Australia.

Since governments do not require it, and few customers request it, most carriers have never bothered to provide CAC support.

The CAC has also inaugurated the " Airport City Concept ," to provide an array of services and entertainment facilities to travellers, airport visitors, as well as the general public.

Penrith Lakes has established a community advisory committee ( CAC ) which will meet regularly and provide advice to Penrith Lakes on the ongoing planning and development of the lakes scheme.

The CAC is used as a general identification card as well as for authentication to enable access to DoD computers, networks, and certain DoD facilities.

The CAC enables encrypting and cryptographically signing email, facilitating the use of PKI authentication tools, and establishes an authoritative process for the use of identity credentials.

This CAC technology allows for rapid authentication and enhanced physical and logical security.

Also, most intranet web sites require a user to log-in using a CAC to perform certain functions that require stronger credential authentication than a traditional HTTP Basic access authentication.

While most CAC users remain at the same workstation, an ever-increasing number of government websites are requiring the use of the CAC for authentication.

They can also be useful if encountering a " circuits busy " condition when all long distance trunks are tied up ; a CAC allows selection of an alternate carrier, which may have other open long-distance trunks.

As multiple competitive long-distance carriers have been permitted in countries other than the United States, schemes similar to the CIC / CAC have spread worldwide.

Exchange traded funds, called trackers, comprise Euronext's NextTrack product segment, and have been introduced on the AEX index, CAC 40, Euro Stoxx 50, and various pan-European regional and sector indices.

Eventually, conflicts with agricultural interests may have prompted Aylesworth to begin promoting a more balanced curriculum at CAC, which he then fought hard to defend.

HdH offered its P17 indigenous design derived from the Vampire and was also involved in the Government Aircraft Factory ( GAF ) F2 project, which would have seen HdH undertaking production work on this aircraft with GAF and the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation ( CAC ).

Aircraft using the ADEN 30 as in-built armament have included the A-4S Skyhawk, English Electric Lightning, Folland Gnat ( and HAL Ajeet ), Hawker Hunter, Gloster Javelin, Saab Lansen, Saab Draken, SEPECAT Jaguar, Supermarine Scimitar, and CAC Sabre.

All CAC members have, by law, the authority to have reasonable access to every part of the institution / parole office they are attached to, talk with all the staff and offenders or parolee within the organization and access to hearings ( if the offender consents ).

* WING LEVEL: The ribbon would have a bronze star attachment and active CAC members wear a red shoulder cord.

* REGION LEVEL: The ribbon would have a silver star and active CAC members wear a blue shoulder cord.

* NATIONAL LEVEL: The ribbon would have a gold star attached and active CAC members wear a gold shoulder cord.

On the front of the CAC, below the picture, is an integrated microchip with 32K ( new versions have 64k and 144k ) of storage and a PDF417 stacked two-dimensional barcode.

The problem with this approach is that many people who have a legitimate requirement to access these websites, are, by the very nature of their duties, required to access those sites from non-CAC enabled workstations, often while on temporary assignments or deployed, and at workstations over which they have no administrative control, and on which they may be prohibited from installing a CAC reader.

In addition, different CAC vendors have posed issues with different card reader systems.

Amongst these technologies, other popular means for field recording have included the analog cassette ( CAC ), the DCC ( Digital Compact Cassette ), and the MiniDisc.