The Cirth (; " Runes ") are the letters of a semi-artificial script which was invented by J. R. R. Tolkien for the constructed languages he devised and used in his works.

Since the Cirth is an alphabet, one rune generally stands for one sound ( phoneme ) and sounds that would be written with a digraph in English ( such as " sh " and " th ") are written with one rune.

Some examples of Cirth writings are the inscription on Balin's tomb in Moria and the inscriptions on the top of the title pages for The Lord of the Rings.

Rather, the system of assignment of sound values is much more systematic in the Cirth than in the historical runes ( e. g., voiced variants of a voiceless sound are expressed by an additional stroke ).

Three modes for Cirth are described in detail in Appendix E of The Lord of the Rings, and others are known to exist or have been developed by enthusiasts.

Tolkien also created scripts for his Elvish languages, of which the best known are the Sarati, the Tengwar, and the Cirth.

The best-known constructed scripts dedicated to fictional languages are J. R. R. Tolkien's elaborate Tengwar and Cirth, but many others exist, such as the Klingon script, Aurebesh from the Star Wars films, and D ' ni from the Myst series of video games.

A proposal for Klingon pIqaD was turned down because most users of the Klingon language wrote it using the Latin alphabet, but both Tengwar and Cirth are still under consideration.

Among the scripts " encoded " in the CSUR, Shavian and Deseret were eventually formally adopted into Unicode ; two other conscripts under consideration are Tolkien's scripts of Tengwar and Cirth.

However the ConScript Unicode Registry has defined the to U + E0FF range of the Unicode " Private Use Area " for Cirth.

The CSUR, which is not officially endorsed or associated with the Unicode Consortium, provides a mapping for constructed scripts, such as Klingon pIqaD and Ferengi script ( Star Trek ), Tengwar and Cirth ( J. R. R.

The initial C in Cirth is pronounced as a K, never as an S.

In The Hobbit, the Anglo-Saxon futhorc was used in the publication with few changes ; in The Lord of the Rings a new system of runes, the Cirth, was devised.

Although the Cirth were later largely replaced by the Tengwar ( which were enhanced and brought by Fëanor ), they were adopted by Dwarves to write down their Khuzdul language ( Angerthas Moria and Angerthas Erebor ) because their straight lines were better suited to carving than the curved strokes of the Tengwar.

Cirth was also adapted, in its older and simpler form, by various kinds of Men and even Orcs.

Cirth is plural and is written with a capital C when referring to the writing system — the runes themselves can be called cirth.

Cirth is written according to a certain mode specifically adapted for a language, and the values of individual certh may vary greatly according to the mode used.

Independently of the Lambengolmor, Daeron of Doriath invented the Cirth or Elvish-runes.

Cirth no.

Along with a few words in Khuzdul, Tolkien also developed runes of his own invention ( the Cirth ), said to have been invented by Elves and later adopted by the Dwarves.

The Cirth runes used to write Khuzdul.

Khuzdul was written in Cirth, a runic alphabet developed by the Elves.

He is played by a virtually unrecognisable Bruce Spence, with the words lammen gorthaur ( Sindarin for " Voice of the Dread Abomination " i. e. " Voice of Sauron ") in Cirth runes written on his helmet.

That is why, the argument runs, the squares are so fearful of jazz and yet perversely fascinated by it.

And yet the elements which capture his liberal and humanistic imagination are those which make the English story worth telling and worth remembering.

We may further grant to those of her ( Poetry's ) defenders who are lovers of poetry and yet not poets, the permission to speak in prose on her behalf: let them show not only that she is pleasant but also useful to States and to human life, and we will listen in a kindly spirit ; ;

Among the most frequently quoted Biblical sentences are the Beatitudes and yet so few persons, other than scholars, really understand the true meaning of these eight blessings uttered by Jesus at the beginning of the Sermon on the Mount.

Our litterbug ordinances are not enforced and I have yet to read of a conviction in a littering case.

The nuclear war is already being fought, except that the bombs are not being dropped on enemy targets -- not yet.

And yet, accompanying our gratitude is the realization that we are living in a crucial time.

Precise pressure-volume-temperature measurements on corrosive gases are dependent on a sensitive yet rugged pressure transducer.

Isolated enterprises have been launched, but they are not yet related to each other in a meaningful pattern.

But it is true that the therapist can sense, when he hears this stereotype, that there are at this moment many emotional determinants at work in it, a blurred babel of indistinct voices which have yet to become clearly delineated from one another.

this is a question which I have no wish to take up -- condensation is a phenomenon in which one finds not a condensed expression of various feelings and ideas which are, at an unconscious level, well sorted out, but rather a condensed expression of feelings and ideas which, even in the unconscious, have yet to become well differentiated from one another.

Much progress has been made in the last two decades in developing techniques for understanding children, yet in almost any classroom today can be found children whose needs are not being met by the school program.

Geometric pottery has not yet received the thorough, detailed study which it deserves, partly because the task is a mammoth one and partly because some of its local manifestations, as at Argos, are only now coming to light.

What we have seen in this chapter, we have seen only dimly, and yet the results, however general, are worth the search.

The big factories which are relatively near the centers of our cities -- the rubber factories in Akron, Chrysler's Detroit plants, U.S. Steel's Pittsburgh works -- often began on these sites at a time when that was the edge of the city, yet close to transport ( river ), storage ( piers ) and power ( river ).

And there are even newer foamed plastics that are yet to be evaluated.

The Kremlin's goal is the isolation and capture, not of Ghana, but of the United States -- and this purpose may be served very well by countries that masquerade under a `` neutralist '' mask, yet in fact are dependable auxiliaries of the Soviet Foreign Office.

yet they include peoples as different from one another as Oregonians are from Patagonians.

`` It is, sir, as I have said, a small college, and yet there are those who love it.

You will visit a few churches that are exceptional yet often by-passed, a magnificent square, the main shopping district, the Spanish Steps, and the lovely Pincian Gardens.

Defining sobriety in the limited sense of being free from the clinical symptoms of the effects of alcohol ingested and not yet eliminated from the system, you are sober.

Quite clearly the anti-trust laws are neither effective nor rational -- and yet the argument goes that they should be extended to the labor union.

Finally, just as no different issues are posed for thoughtful analysis by the foreshortening of time that may yet pass before the end of human life on this earth, but only stimulation and alarm to the imagination, the same thing must be said in connection with the question of what we may perhaps already be doing, by human action, to accelerate this end.

Medicine and healing are associated with Apollo, whether through the god himself or mediated through his son Asclepius, yet Apollo was also seen as a god who could bring ill-health and deadly plague.