The Copenhagen interpretation is one of the earliest and most commonly taught interpretations of quantum mechanics.

The Copenhagen interpretation is an attempt to explain the mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics and the corresponding experimental results.

The term ' Copenhagen interpretation ' suggests something more than just a spirit, such as some definite set of rules for interpreting the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics, presumably dating back to the 1920s.

Because it consists of the views developed by a number of scientists and philosophers during the second quarter of the 20th Century, there is no definitive statement of the Copenhagen interpretation.

Thus, various ideas have been associated with it ; Asher Peres remarked that very different, sometimes opposite, views are presented as " the Copenhagen interpretation " by different authors.

An example of the agnostic view is given by Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, who, while participating in a colloquium at Cambridge, denied that the Copenhagen interpretation asserted: " What cannot be observed does not exist.

" He suggested instead that the Copenhagen interpretation follows the principle: " What is observed certainly exists ; about what is not observed we are still free to make suitable assumptions.

All versions of the Copenhagen interpretation include at least a formal or methodological version of wave function collapse, in which unobserved eigenvalues are removed from further consideration.

According to a poll at a Quantum Mechanics workshop in 1997 ,< ref > the Copenhagen interpretation is the most widely-accepted specific interpretation of quantum mechanics, followed by the many-worlds interpretation.

Although current trends show substantial competition from alternative interpretations, throughout much of the twentieth century the Copenhagen interpretation had strong acceptance among physicists.

Thus, it seems as if the Copenhagen interpretation is inconsistent with special relativity.

However, proponents of Many worlds and the Transactional interpretation ( TI ) maintain that Copenhagen interpretation is fatally non-local.

Many physicists and philosophers have objected to the Copenhagen interpretation, both on the grounds that it is non-deterministic and that it includes an undefined measurement process that converts probability functions into non-probabilistic measurements.

The consistent histories interpretation advertises itself as " Copenhagen done right ".

Although the Copenhagen interpretation is often confused with the idea that consciousness causes collapse, it defines an " observer " merely as that which collapses the wave function.

The Copenhagen interpretation is similar to the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics provided by Feynman.

It is currently considered a mainstream interpretation along with the other decoherence interpretations and the Copenhagen interpretation.

Although several versions of many-worlds have been proposed since Hugh Everett's original work, they all contain one key idea: the equations of physics that model the time evolution of systems without embedded observers are sufficient for modelling systems which do contain observers ; in particular there is no observation-triggered wave function collapse which the Copenhagen interpretation proposes.

According to the understanding of quantum mechanics known as the Copenhagen interpretation, measurement causes an instantaneous collapse of the wave function describing the quantum system into an eigenstate of the observable state that was measured.

The most prominent opponent of the Copenhagen interpretation is Albert Einstein.

As everybody is curious to see the battery of glass tubes I have invented, I have had quite a small one made here of four glass tubes ( in Copenhagen I used 30 ) and intend to carry it with me ''.

He is buried in Bispebjerg Cemetery in Copenhagen.

One of Nimzowitsch's most famous games is his celebrated immortal zugzwang game against Sämisch at Copenhagen 1923.

He is an adjunct professor at the Copenhagen Business School, director of the Copenhagen Consensus Centre and a former director of the Environmental Assessment Institute in Copenhagen.

Copenhagen ( or ; ) is the capital of Denmark and its most populous city, with an urban population of 1, 213, 822 () and a metropolitan population of 1, 937, 611 ().

Copenhagen is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager.

Copenhagen is a major regional centre of culture, business, media, and science, as indicated by several international surveys and rankings ( see International rankings below ).

The Copenhagen Interpretation denies that the wave function is anything more than a theoretical concept, or is at least non-committal about its being a discrete entity or a discernible component of some discrete entity.

There are some who say that there are objective variants of the Copenhagen Interpretation that allow for a " real " wave function, but it is questionable whether that view is really consistent with some of Bohr's statements.

The nature of the Copenhagen Interpretation is exposed by considering a number of experiments and paradoxes.

:< u > The Copenhagen Interpretation </ u >: Light is neither.

:< u > The Copenhagen Interpretation </ u >: Assuming wave functions are not real, wave-function collapse is interpreted subjectively.

The Copenhagen manuscript was among the many valuables destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1728.

In August 1976, Science published a retrospective cohort study by Educational Testing Service psychologist Herman Witkin and colleagues that screened the tallest 16 % of men ( over 184 cm ( 6 ' 0 ") in height ) born in Copenhagen from 1944 – 1947 for XXY and XYY karyotypes, and found an increased rate of minor criminal convictions for property crimes among sixteen XXY and twelve XYY men may be related to the lower intelligence of those with criminal convictions, but found no evidence that XXY or XYY men were inclined to be aggressive or violent.

of Danish Institute for Health Services Research at Copenhagen examined the relationship between waist circumferences and costs among 31, 840 subjects aged 50-64 years of age with different waist circumferences.

The Copenhagen interpretation was traditionally the most popular among physicists, next to a purely instrumentalist position that denies any need for explanation ( a view expressed in David Mermin's famous quote " shut up and calculate ", often misattributed to Richard Feynman.

He taught Greek at the Borgerdyd school in Copenhagen before becoming a professor at the University of Copenhagen ; among his students at the university was Otto Jespersen.

The Hørsholm Midtpunkt shopping mall with its 65 stores opened in the early 1970s and is the second largest shopping mall in Northern Zealand and among the ten largest shopping malls in the Copenhagen Capital Region.

In October 2002, Zakayev organized the World Chechen Congress in Copenhagen, Denmark ( which was attended among others by the former first speaker of the State Duma, Ruslan Khasbulatov ).

As something unique among the institutes of Copenhagen University, the DIKU cantine is entirely student driven and open 24 hours.

After taking her diploma in 1990 at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in Copenhagen, she studied with, among others, Seymour Lipkin in New York, Boris Berman at Yale, and Peter Feuchtwanger in London.

Following Tuvaluan delegate Ian Fry's " tear-jerking that prompted wild applause among the crowded Copenhagen conference floor ", The Australian ’ s political editor commented that Tuvalu was " no longer small fry on the world stage ".

Charles Bertram was the son of an English silk dyer who migrated to Copenhagen among the retinue of Princess Louisa, daughter of George II who married Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark in 1743 ( he would become King three years later ).

The University of Copenhagen is the largest university in Scandinavia and the only Scandinavian university ranked among the top 50 universities worldwide.

Cafferty sparked some national controversy among some liberal watchdog groups, particularly Media Matters for America during the January 12, 2010 broadcast of The Situation Room, in which Cafferty called her a " horrible woman " for refusing to disclose the precise cost of her trip to the Copenhagen Climate Summit, that Cafferty felt was a complete waste of tax payer money.

After more than 400 years as a Danish province treated as a cultural backwater by the absentee government in Copenhagen, the only uniquely Norwegian culture was found among the farmers and peasants in rural districts in Norway ; Norway had in 1814 gained a partial independence in a personal union with the dominant kingdom of Sweden.

A funeral ceremony was held on 21 April in the Church of Holmen followed by a private ceremony in Hellerup Church, north of Copenhagen where his final resting place, among other deceased family members, is located.

It became necessary because of the large number of broadcasting stations in these frequency ranges leading to ever more mutual interference ( Many countries had refused to ratify the Copenhagen plan and compliance was patchy even among those which had ).

After studying at Rostock, where he got the degree of a master of arts and also after being ordained as a priest, he studied for a short time at the University of Copenhagen, and was then again sent abroad by his prior, visiting, among other places, the newly founded University of Leuven in Belgium and making the acquaintance of the Dutch humanists.

Choir tours have visited London ( UK ), Falaise ( France ), Cracow ( Poland ) and Copenhagen ( Denmark ), among other locales.

Around that time, excursions to the cemetery with picnic baskets and tea became a popular activity among common citizens of Copenhagen.

The University maintains lively international scientific contacts in cooperation Hvidovre Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark ; Ziekenhuis-Tilburg Hospital ( Netherlands ), and Lvov Medical University located in Ukraine, among others.

He has also shown in museum shows at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, the Den Frie Udstillingsbygning in Copenhagen, the Palazzo delle Papesse in Sienna, Italy, the Shizuoka Prefecture Museum of Art in Shizuoka, Japan, the Contemporary Art Center Museum in Cincinnati, Ohio and Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, Germany among others.