In the Catholic Church ( both the Latin Rite and Eastern Catholic ), Eastern Orthodox, Coptic and Anglican abbeys, the mode of election, position, rights, and authority of an abbess correspond generally with those of an abbot.

* Pope Anastasius of Alexandria – Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria 605 – 616

The Patriarchate of Alexandria ( Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria and Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria ) claims to have been founded by Saint Mark.

The Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Coptic and Old Catholic Churches consider this anointing to be a sacrament.

296-298 – d. 2 May 373 ), also referred to as St. Athanasius the Great, St. Athanasius I of Alexandria, St Athanasius the Confessor and ( primarily in the Coptic Orthodox Church ) St Athanasius the Apostolic, was the 20th bishop of Alexandria.

Athanasius is venerated as a Christian saint, whose feast day is 2 May in Western Christianity, 15 May in the Coptic Orthodox Church, and 18 January in the other Eastern Orthodox Churches.

The relic of St Athanasius the Great of Alexandria is currently preserved under the new Saint Mark Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Deir El-Anba Rowais, Abbassiya, Cairo, Egypt.

Category: Coptic Orthodox saints

Category: Popes of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

He is celebrated in many churches on his feast days: 30 January in the Old-Calendar Eastern Orthodox Church and the Coptic Orthodox Church ; 17 January in the New-Calendar Eastern Orthodox Church, the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church and the Coptic Catholic Church.

Category: Coptic Orthodox saints

The Books of the Bible are listed differently in the canons of Judaism and the Catholic, Protestant, Greek Orthodox, Slavonic Orthodox, Coptic, Georgian Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic, Syriac, Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox churches, although there is substantial overlap.

In the Coptic Orthodox Church chapter three is chanted on the twelfth hour of the Good Friday service, that commemorates the burial of Jesus.

( Egypt and Coptic Church )

The Oriental Orthodox communion comprises six groups: Syriac Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Ethiopian Orthodox, Eritrean Orthodox, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church ( India ) and Armenian Apostolic churches.

Many of Cairo's oldest Coptic churches, including the Hanging Church, are located along the fortress walls in a section of the city known as Coptic Cairo.

The creed became standard orthodox doctrine, while the Coptic Church of Alexandria dissented, holding to Cyril's formula of the oneness of Christ ’ s nature as the incarnation of God the Word.

This miaphysite position, historically characterised by Chalcedonian followers as " monophysitism " though this is denied by the dissenters, formed the basis for the distinction from other churches of the Coptic Church of Egypt and Ethiopia and the " Jacobite " churches of Syria and Armenia ( see Oriental Orthodoxy ).

* Coptic Pope Andronicus of Alexandria ( reigned 616 – 622 )

However, in Coptic literature, St Athanasius is the first patriarch of Alexandria to use Coptic as well as Greek in his writings.

In Coptic literature, St. Athanasius is the first patriarch of Alexandria to use Coptic as well as Greek in his writings.

He is also known for his involvement in the expulsion of Novatians and Jews from Alexandria and the murder of the Hellenistic philosopher Hypatia by Coptic monks.

The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is the official name for the largest Christian church in Egypt and the Middle East.

As of 2012, about 10 % of Egyptians belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.

Christianity spread throughout Egypt within half a century of Saint Mark's arrival in Alexandria, as is clear from the New Testament writings found in Bahnasa, in Middle Egypt, which date around the year AD 200, and a fragment of the Gospel of John, written in Coptic, which was found in Upper Egypt and can be dated to the first half of the 2nd century.

St. Mark Coptic Cathedral in Alexandria

From that point onward, Alexandria would have two patriarchs: the non-Chalcedonian native Egyptian one, now known as the Coptic Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic See of St. Mark and the " Melkite " or Imperial Patriarch, now known as the Greek Orthodox Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa.

Almost the entire Egyptian population rejected the terms of the Council of Chalcedon and remained faithful to the native Egyptian Church ( now known as the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria ).

The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria regards itself as having been misunderstood at the Council of Chalcedon.

It is also situated at the nucleus of Coptic Orthodox community, which separated from the Roman and Byzantine church in the late 4th century.

* Agpeya: Coptic Book of Hours – also see Canonical hours

" The original work was also translated into Syriac, and lengthy quotations exist in a catena in that language, and also in Coptic and Arabic catenas.

Exceptions include the Coptic Orthodox tradition which makes use of the sistrum, and the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, which also uses drums, cymbals and other instruments on certain occasions.

The Egyptian Coptic Church and the Ethiopian Church also have distinctive, living icon painting traditions.

The Coptic Christian Orthodox Church also claim to hold the relics of St. John the Baptist.

Kansas City is also home to one Oriental Orthodox church, a parish of the Coptic Church.

In 1999, some third to 6th century Coptic fragments about Polycarp were also published.

The swastika is also seen in Egypt during the Coptic period.

Thus the transition from the ' old ' traditions to the new Christian religion also contributed to the adoption of Greek words into the Coptic religious lexicon.

Dating from 1675, this document envisaged hundreds of works, including the Bible in Greek, editions of the Coptic Gospels and works of the Church Fathers, texts in Arabic and Syriac, comprehensive editions of classical philosophy, poetry, and mathematics, a wide range of medieval scholarship, and also " a history of insects, more perfect than any yet Extant.

The 2nd century BC Book of Jubilees, regarded as non-canonical except by Coptic Christianity, also dates his birth to 130 AM.

Monophysitism's theological point of view is also rejected by the Oriental Orthodox Churches, but was widely accepted in Syria, Egypt and the Levant, leading to many tensions in the Coptic period of the Byzantine Empire.

The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt.

* St. Mary and St. Shenouda Coptic Orthodox Church-see also St. Shenouda

There are also a large Hindu temple, a Greek Orthodox cathedral, and a Coptic Orthodox church.

After the Coptic version of the complete text was discovered in 1945 at Nag Hammadi, scholars soon realized that three different Greek text fragments previously found at Oxyrhynchus, also in Egypt, were part of the Gospel of Thomas.

Mummy portraits or Fayum mummy portraits ( also Faiyum mummy portraits ) is the modern term given to a type of naturalistic painted portraits on wooden boards attached to mummies from the Coptic period.

Coptic Egyptians and other Egyptians also define themselves as Egyptian and not Arab.

In the Coptic script, the identical-looking sign ϥ is also used as a numeral for 90, although as an alphabetic letter it has an unrelated sound value, / f /, derived from Egyptian demotic.