For lawyers, reflecting perhaps their parochial preferences, there has been a special fascination since then in the role played by the Supreme Court in that transformation -- the manner in which its decisions altered in `` the switch in time that saved nine '', President Roosevelt's ill-starred but in effect victorious `` Court-packing plan '', the imprimatur of judicial approval that was finally placed upon social legislation.

-- Indonesia Military Supreme Court has confirmed the death sentence passed on Alan Lawrence Pope, an American pilot.

By making inroads in the name of law enforcement into the protection which Congress has afforded to the marriage relationship, the Court today continues in the path charted by the recent decision in Wyatt v. United States, 362 U.S. 525, where the Court held that, under the circumstances of that case, a wife could be compelled to testify against her husband over her objection.

The Attorney General of California concurs in this interpretation and has filed an appeal from these decisions to the District Court of Appeal.

As a school district, the District of Columbia has had desegregated schools since 1954, shortly after the Supreme Court decision.

Judicial opinion since the Supreme Court decision on Shelley v. Kraemer ( 1948 ) has rendered racial restrictive covenants unenforcible.

One of those capital-gains ventures, in fact, has saddled him with Gore Court.

The decision by the Illinois Supreme Court has been cited by numerous other courts in the nation.

In New Jersey, for example, the Administrative Office of the Court has promulgated a form of notice of appeal for use by appellants, though using this exact form is not mandatory and the failure to use it is not a jurisdictional defect provided that all pertinent information is set forth in whatever form of notice of appeal is used.

The Supreme Court of Virginia has stated that '" This Court has repeatedly held that the effect of an appeal to circuit court is to " annul the judgment of the inferior tribunal as completely as if there had been no previous trial.

Examples of such courts include the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals ( which existed from 1844 to 1947 ), the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors ( which has been renamed the Connecticut Supreme Court ), the Kentucky Court of Errors ( renamed the Kentucky Supreme Court ), and the Mississippi High Court of Errors and Appeals ( since renamed the Supreme Court of Mississippi ).

Some jurisdictions have specialized appellate courts, such as the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, which only hears appeals raised in criminal cases, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which has general jurisdiction but derives most of its caseload from patent cases, on the other hand, and appeals from the Court of Federal Claims on the other.

* 2001 – Alabama Supreme Court Chief Justice Roy Moore has a Ten Commandments monument installed in the judiciary building, leading to a lawsuit to have it removed and his own removal from office.

Neither reason, said the Court, applied to the case at hand ; ;

To have applied statewide the decisions of the two cases heard in Superior Court, in my opinion, would have placed us clearly out of compliance with the Wagner-Peyser Act and would have immediately opened the way for the Secretary of Labor, were he so inclined, to notify the Governor of such noncompliance, set a date for hearing, and issue his finding.

Access Now v. Southwest Airlines was a case where the District Court decided that the website of Southwest Airlines was not in violation of the Americans with Disability Act because the ADA is concerned with things with a physical existence and thus cannot be applied to cyberspace.

Administrative law, as laid down by the Supreme Court of India, has also recognized two more grounds of judicial review which were recognized but not applied by English Courts viz.

" Citing Lochner v. New York, the controversial decision of 1905 upholding freedom of contract, Pound assailed the Supreme Court for giving " us rules which, when applied to the existing commercial and industrial situation, are wholly inadequate.

There is no " Constitutional Court "-the constitutionality of a law can be contested only as applied to an individual court case.

Hours before Walter LaGrand was due to be executed, Germany applied for the Court to grant a provisional court order, requiring the United States to delay the execution of Walter LaGrand, which the court granted.

In an attempt to address those criticisms, the statute of the recently established International Criminal Court provides for a system in which crimes and penalties are expressly set out in written law, that shall only be applied to future cases.

Squatting gained a legal basis in the Netherlands in 1971, when the Supreme Court ruled that the concept of domestic peace ( huisvrede ) ( which means a house cannot be entered without the permission of the current user ) also applied to squatters.

However, starting with Gitlow v. New York, the Supreme Court has applied the First Amendment to each state.

In arguing before the Supreme Court, Gitlow contended that " the statute as construed and applied by the trial court penalize the mere utterance, as such, of ' doctrine ' having no quality of incitement, without regard to the circumstances of its utterance or to the likelihood of the unlawful sequences " While acknowledging " liberty of expression ' is not absolute ,'" he maintained " it may be restrained ' only in instances where its exercise bears a causal relation with some substantive evil, consummated, attempted or likely '" As the statute took no account of the circumstances under which the offending literature was written, it violated the First Amendment.

In Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc., 551 U. S. 449 ( 2007 ), the Supreme Court sustained an " as applied " challenge to provisions of the 2002 law dealing with advertising shortly before a primary, caucus, or an election.

" Street appealed his conviction to the Supreme Court, arguing the law was " overbroad, both on its face and as applied ," that the language was " vague and imprecise " and did not " clearly define the conduct which it forbids ", and that it unconstitutionally punished the destruction of an American flag, an act which Street contended " constitute expression protected by the Fourteenth Amendment.

The Supreme Court has applied the protections of this amendment to the states through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Originally, the Supreme Court held that the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial indicated a right to “ a trial by jury as understood and applied at common law, and includes all the essential elements as they were recognized in this country and England when the Constitution was adopted .” Therefore, it was held that juries had to be composed of twelve persons and that verdicts had to be unanimous, as was customary in England.

In 1961, the Court extended the rule that applied in federal courts to state courts.

Francis v. Resweber,, the Supreme Court assumed arguendo that the Cruel and Unusual Punishments Clause applied to the states through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Robinson was the first case in which the Supreme Court applied the Eighth Amendment against the state governments through the Fourteenth Amendment.

The Court has then applied those standards not only to say what punishments are inherently cruel, but also to say what punishments that are not inherently cruel are nevertheless cruelly disproportionate to the offense in question.

In Wickard v. Filburn ( 1942 ), in the context of World War II, the Court ruled that federal regulations of wheat production could constitutionally be applied to wheat grown for " home consumption " on a farmthat is, wheat grown to be fed to farm animals or otherwise consumed on the farm.

In Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority ( 1985 ), the Court changed the analytic framework to be applied in Tenth Amendment cases.

In the half century since Brown, the Court has extended the reach of the Equal Protection Clause to other historically disadvantaged groups, such as women and illegitimate children, although it has applied a somewhat less stringent standard than it has applied to governmental discrimination on the basis of race ( United States v. Virginia, 1996 ; Levy v. Louisiana, 1968 ).

While the Third Amendment has not been applied to the states by the Supreme Court, the Second Circuit ruled that it did apply to the states within that circuit's jurisdiction in Engblom v. Carey.

This seems like an attitude favoring a sort of totalitarian bureaucracy which, under a President of the same stamp, would try to coerce an uncooperative Congress or Supreme Court.

The Court, nevertheless, relied on the Seaboard case and also mentioned that the shareholders of the two corporations were the same.

In the federal courts, the parties ' names always stay in the same order as the lower court when an appeal is taken to the circuit courts of appeals, and are re-ordered only if the appeal reaches the Supreme Court.

There is also a U. S. Supreme Court case that predates the dictionary, Jackson ex dem Bradford v. Huntington, that uses the phrase " black letter " in the same sense as black letter law: " It is seldom that a case in our time savors so much of the black letter, but the course of decisions in New York renders it unavailable.

On his accession and following the so-called Millenary Petition, James I called the Hampton Court Conference in 1604 — the same meeting of bishops and Puritan divines that initiated the Authorized version of the Bible.

The Austrian Supreme Court, in a recent judgment, has confirmed the legal admissibility of these lawsuits under the condition that all claims are essentially based on the same grounds.

Appeals from the Court of Appeal are sent to Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, which essentially is the same body as the Judicial Committee of the House of Lords.

If an application is denied by one judge of the FISC, the federal government is not allowed to make the same application to a different judge of the court, but must appeal to the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review.

When Frederick III needed the dukes to finance war against Hungary in 1486 and at the same time had his son, later Maximilian I elected king, he was presented with the dukes ' united demand to participate in an Imperial Court.

In that same ruling, the Court noted " We have never held that the Constitution mandates an insanity defense, nor have we held that the Constitution does not so require.

The idea of universal jurisdiction is fundamental to the operation of global organizations such as the United Nations and the International Court of Justice ( ICJ ), which jointly assert the benefit of maintaining legal entities with jurisdiction over a wide range of matters of significance to states ( the ICJ should not be confused with the ICC and this version of " universal jurisdiction " is not the same as that enacted in the War Crimes Law ( Belgium ) which is an assertion of extraterritorial jurisdiction that will fail to gain implementation in any other state under the standard provisions of public policy ).

* 1998 – Gay rights: Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also apply when both parties are the same sex.

Every court in North Korea has the same composition as the Central Court.

At the same time, the French masque was gaining a firm hold at the English Court, with even more lavish splendour and highly realistic scenery than had been seen before.

The Federal Supreme Court has established that treaties are subject to constitutional review and enjoy the same hierarchical position as ordinary legislation ( leis ordinárias, or " ordinary laws ", in Portuguese ).

Nonetheless in Hollingsworth v. Virginia ( 1798 ), the Supreme Court held that it is not necessary to place constitutional amendments before the President for signature and, by the same logic, the President is powerless to veto a proposed constitutional amendment.

In Rosen v. United States ( 1896 ), the Supreme Court adopted the same obscenity standard as had been articulated in a famous British case, Regina v. Hicklin, L. R. 3 Q.

In McDonald v. Chicago, 561 U. S. 3025 ( 2010 ), the Court ruled that the Second Amendment limits state and local governments to the same extent that it limits the federal government.

Thus, in Taylor v. Louisiana,, the Supreme Court invalidated a state law that exempted women who had not made a declaration of willingness to serve from jury service, while not doing the same for men.

Nevertheless, in California v. Green,, the Supreme Court has held that the hearsay rule is not the same as the Confrontation Clause.

The Court outlined three factors that were to be considered in determining if the sentence is excessive: "( i ) the gravity of the offense and the harshness of the penalty ; ( ii ) the sentences imposed on other criminals in the same jurisdiction ; and ( iii ) the sentences imposed for commission of the same crime in other jurisdictions.

In Central Virginia Community College v. Katz,, the Court ruled the Congress could do the same regarding bankruptcy cases by way of Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution.

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, comprising the same members as the Supreme Court, is the highest court of appeal for several independent Commonwealth countries, the UK overseas territories, and the British crown dependencies.