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Page "Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury" ¶ 9
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Court and Wards
His uncle Golding argued that the Archbishop of Canterbury should halt the proceedings since a proceeding against a ward of the Queen could not be brought without prior licence from the Court of Wards and Liveries.
In addiiton, the fines assessed against Oxford in the Court of Wards for his wardship, marriage and livery already totalled some £ 3, 306.
Moreover, because the properties were security for his unpaid debt to the Queen in the Court of Wards, he had had to enter into a bond with the purchaser, guaranteeing that he would indemnify them if the Queen were to make a claim against the lands to collect on the debt.
To avoid this eventuality, the purchasers of his estates agreed to repay Oxford's debt to the Court of Wards in installments.
At the end of November it was agreed that the purchasers of Oxford's lands would pay his entire debt of some £ 3, 306 due to Court of Wards over a five-year period, finishing in 1592.
In the spring of 1591 the plan for the purchasers of his land to discharge his debt to the Court of Wards was disrupted by the Queen's taking extents, or writs allowing a creditor to temporarily seize a debtor's property.
Two other important financial institutions, the Court of Wards and the Court of First Fruits and Tenths, owed their existence to him, although they were not set up until after his death.
Cecil presiding over the Court of Wards
In January 1561, he was given the lucrative office of Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries in succession to Sir Thomas Parry.
As Master of the Court of Wards, Burghley supervised the raising and education of wealthy, aristocratic boys whose fathers had died before they reached maturity.
The following year, he was made Attorney of the Court of Wards and Liveries, a prestigious and lucrative post, and by 1552 he had risen to become treasurer of Gray's Inn.
To the same end, he secured the creation of an Irish Court of Wards in 1622.
Naunton was censured after the Spanish ambassador, Gondomar, complained to King James I. Consequently, in 1623, Naunton resigned as Secretary of State and was made master of the Court of Wards and Liveries.
Cooper's father had held his lands in knight-service, so Cooper's inheritance now came under the authority of the Court of Wards.
The trustees whom his father had appointed to administer his estate, his brother-in-law ( Anthony Ashley Cooper's uncle by marriage ) Edward Tooker and his colleague from the House of Commons, Sir Daniel Norton, purchased Cooper's wardship from the king, but they remained unable to sell Cooper's land without permission of the Court of Wards because, on his death, Sir John Cooper had left some ₤ 35, 000 in gambling debts.
As a long-time foe of the Court of Wards, during the debate on the Tenures Abolition Bill, Cooper supported continuing the excise imposed by the Long Parliament to compensate the crown for the loss of revenues associated with the abolition of the court.
Courts dealt with issues about equal opportunity, such as the 1989 Wards Cove decision, the Supreme Court ruled that statistical evidence, by itself, was insufficient to prove racial discrimination.
Then Charles I sought to win his favour by making him a Privy Councillor and Master of the Court of Wards.
In 1540, he became the master of Henry's Court of Wards and Liveries, a Knight of the Garter in 1543, and Governor of Portsmouth and Lord Steward of the Household in 1545.
By 1628 Lord Thomond was dead and Donough continued the dispute through the Court of Wards and Liveries in Dublin.

Court and ordered
However, the General Court at Boston ordered the purchasers of Shawomet to appear before them to answer the sachems' claim.
In March, 2012 the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, ruling in an action brought by the Natural Resources Defense Council and others, ordered the FDA to revoke approvals for the use of antibiotics in livestock which violated FDA regulations.
It took legal actions to force them to do so: in 1864 the Supreme Court of the State of California ordered them under Writs of Mandamus ( The People of the State of California ex rel the Central Pacific Railroad Company vs. Henry P. Coon, Mayor ; Henry M. Hale, Auditor ; and Joseph S. Paxson, Treasurer, of the City and County of San Francisco.
In response to an EDF suit, the U. S. District Court of Appeals in 1971 ordered the EPA to begin the de-registration procedure for DDT.
In 2001, an uncut German DVD version was released, but the Berlin-Tiergarten Court ordered seizure of the DVD in April 2002 ( Case Number 351 Gs 1749 / 02 ).
On 14 June, 2012, the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt ordered the People's Assembly to be dissolved, citing irregularities in the election of members.
On October 26, 2010, popular free-software gnutella servent LimeWire was ordered shut down by Judge Kimba Wood of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York when she signed a Consent Injunction which LimeWire and recording industry plaintiffs had agreed upon.
On June 30, he showed a detention order, apparently signed June 26 by a Supreme Court judge, which ordered the armed forces to detain the president.
* 1974 – Watergate scandal: U. S. President Richard Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the Supreme Court of the United States.
In February 1991, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit upheld Bakker's conviction on the fraud and conspiracy charges, but voided Bakker's 45-year sentence, as well as the $ 500, 000 fine, and ordered that a new sentencing hearing be held.
Angered by Olson's announcement that she had lied in court, Superior Court Judge Larry Fidler ordered another hearing on November 6, at which he asked her several times if she was indeed guilty of the charges.
The Federal Court ordered on 23 May 2007 that Macquarie University Union Ltd be wound up.
In 2008, a three-judge panel of the U. S. Third Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the murder conviction but ordered a new capital sentencing hearing because the jury was improperly instructed.
Subsequently, the United States Supreme Court also allowed his conviction to stand but ordered the appeals court to reconsider its decision as to the sentence.
Although the Court called on the United States to " cease and to refrain " from the unlawful use of force against Nicaragua and stated that the US was in " in breach of its obligation under customary international law not to use force against another state " and ordered it to pay reparations, the United States refused to comply.
In 2011 the Madras High Court Bench ordered the rooster fight at Santhapadi and Modakoor Melbegam villages permitted during the Pongal religious festival.
The move may be too slow: in June 2010, Court ordered the eviction of Paris older artist's squat, a renowned place for close-to-free concerts ( 5, 000 groups in 10 years, from all countries ), and where the state-owned Culture TV-channel ARTE itself went to record live sessions: and there was nothing the mayor could do, the tenant being a private investor.
Once again Massachusetts intervened in his affairs when the General Court ordered deferral of any church at Exeter.
While the defense could show no specific instance where any part of North's congressional testimony was used in his trial, the Court of Appeals ruled that the trial judge had made an insufficient examination of the issue, and ordered North's convictions reversed.
Before his replacement arrived, Mason ordered 1, 000 Michigan militiamen to enter Toledo and prevent the symbolically important first session of the Ohio Court of Common Pleas.
On February 20, 1996, the Court granted a change of venue and ordered that the case be transferred from Oklahoma City to the U. S. District Court in Denver, Colorado, to be presided over by U. S. District Judge Richard Paul Matsch.
In Dennis v. United States, the Court upheld the law 6-2 ( Justice Tom C. Clark did not participate because he had ordered the prosecutions when he was Attorney General ).
In 1964 the United States Supreme Court ordered Prince Edward County and others to integrate schools.
Following public concern, the U. S. Defense department was ordered by the 9th Circuit Court to strictly limit use of its Low Frequency Active Sonar during peacetime.

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