Section 39 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988 provides that common assault, like battery, is triable only in the magistrates ' court in England and Wales ( unless it is linked to a more serious offence, which is triable in the Crown Court ).

Additionally, if a Defendant has been charged on an indictment with assault occasioning actual bodily harm ( ABH ), or racially / religiously aggravated assault, then a jury in the Crown Court may acquit the Defendant of the more serious offence, but still convict of common assault if it finds common assault has been committed.

A provincial court ruled that the Lord's Day Act was unconstitutional, but the Crown proceeded to appeal all the way to the Supreme Court of Canada.

The Crown Court is a superior court of record under the Senior Courts Act 1981 and accordingly has power to punish for contempt of its own motion.

Where it is not necessary to be so urgent, or where indirect contempt has taken place the Attorney General can intervene and the Crown Prosecution Service will institute criminal proceedings on his behalf before a Divisional Court of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice of England and Wales.

For an appeal from an acquittal to be successful, the Supreme Court of Canada requires that the Crown show that an error in law was made during the trial and that the error contributed to the verdict.

In a 1998 trial James McArdle was imprisoned for 25 years after a trial at Woolwich Crown Court that ended on June 24.

On this occasion, the Southern Court abducted Retired ( Northern ) Emperors Emperor Kōgon and Emperor Kōmyō as well as Emperor Sukō and the Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Naohito, the son of Emperor Kōgon, from Kyoto to Yoshino, producing a state of affairs in which there was no Emperor in Kyoto.

All proceedings on indictment must be brought before the Crown Court.

The Court of General Gaol Delivery is the criminal court for serious offences ( effectively the equivalent of a Crown Court in England ).

An either way offence allows the defendant to elect between trial by jury on indictment in the Crown Court and summary trial in the Magistrates ' Court.

Some offences such as murder and rape are considered so serious that they can only be tried on indictment at the Crown Court where the widest range of sentencing powers is available to the judge.

When the accused is charged with an indictable only offence, he is sent to the Crown Court for trial.

Middle-ranking (" triable either way ") offences may be tried by magistrates or the defendant may elect trial by jury in the Crown Court.

Serious (" indictable ") offences, however, must be tried before a jury in the Crown Court.

Many auto camps were used as havens and hide-outs for criminals of the 1920s ; Bonnie and Clyde had a shootout in the infamous Red Crown Tourist Court near Kansas City on July 20, 1933.

However, although this is not conducting a plea bargain, in cases before the Crown Court, the defence can request an indication from the judge of the likely maximum sentence that would be imposed should the defendant decide to plead guilty.

In the case of hybrid offences in England and Wales, the decision whether to deal with a case in Magistrates Court or Crown Court is not made by magistrates until after a plea has been entered.

In UK law, appeals to the Crown Court against convictions in the Magistrates Court are held de novo.

The Courts of England and Wales are headed by the Senior Courts of England and Wales, consisting of the Court of Appeal, the High Court of Justice ( for civil cases ) and the Crown Court ( for criminal cases ).

While it is easy enough to ridicule Hawkins' pronouncement in Pleas Of The Crown from a metaphysical point of view, the concept of the `` oneness '' of a married couple may reflect an abiding belief that the communion between husband and wife is such that their actions are not always to be regarded by the criminal law as if there were no marriage.

The duty of the Crown towards its subjects is to govern and protect.

The reciprocal duty of the subject towards the Crown is that of allegiance.

* 1810 – Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.

The Crown is represented by the Governor-General in the government of the ACT.

Canadian scholar Richard Toporoski theorised in 1998 that " if, let us say, an alteration were to be made in the United Kingdom to the Act of Settlement 1701, providing for the succession of the Crown ... t is my opinion that the domestic constitutional law of Australia or Papua New Guinea, for example, would provide for the succession in those countries of the same person who became Sovereign of the United Kingdom.

Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has been more explicitly a state church and the choice is legally that of the British crown ; today it is made in the name of the Sovereign by the Prime Minister, from a shortlist of two selected by an ad hoc committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.

Today the choice is made in the name of the monarch by the prime minister, from a shortlist of two selected by an ad-hoc committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.

The Crown may choose to grant the petition, but if there is any doubt whatsoever as to the pedigree of the petitioner, the claim is normally referred to the Committee for Privileges.

The football stadium is called the Crown Ground.

Boulder, Colorado is legendary with bouldering opportunities and fierce clean climbing ethic, particularly in the Crown Rocks area featuring notable first bouldering ascents by John Gill, Chuck Pratt and Pat Ament.

Crown Green Bowls is very popular mostly in the North of England but also in Wales, West Midlands and Shropshire.

The Panel ( Professional Crown Green Bowls ) is played at the Red Lion, Westhoughton daily and is played to 41-up with greenside betting throughout play.

The game of Crown Green Bowls is looking to grow with the introduction of the Portuguese Masters in October and recent interest from Sky TV to re-televise the sport.

It remains the private property of the monarch, and is not part of the Crown Estate.

Balmoral is a private property and, unlike the monarch's official residences, is not part of the state-owned Crown Estate.

It was formerly the county town of Cornwall until the Crown Courts moved to Truro which is also the administrative centre ( before 1835 the county town was Launceston ).

Before the fighting, the Parliament of England did not have a large permanent role in the English system of government, functioning as a temporary advisory committee, summoned by the monarch whenever the Crown required additional tax revenue, and subject to dissolution by the monarch at any time.

Monarchs and members of their family have also owned in a private capacity homes and land in Canada: King Edward VIII owned Bedingfield Ranch, near Pekisko, Alberta ; The Marquess of Lorne and Princess Louise owned a cottage on the Cascapédia River in Quebec ; and Princess Margaret owned Portland Island between its gifting to her by the Crown in Right of British Columbia in 1958 and her death in 2002, though she offered it back to the Crown on permanent loan in 1966 and the island and surrounding waters eventually became Princess Margaret Marine Park.

Her Majesty's Home Civil Service, also known as Her Majesty's Civil Service or the Home Civil Service, is the permanent bureaucracy or secretariat of Crown employees that supports Her Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom, which is composed of a cabinet of ministers chosen by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, as well as three devolved administrations: the Welsh Assembly Government, the Scottish Executive and the Northern Ireland Executive.

The Crown Regalia, or crown jewels, of Norway are together with some other old treasures on permanent display in an exhibition next to the Nidaros Cathedral, in Trondheim.

In 1975, the Waitangi Tribunal was established as a permanent commission of inquiry tasked with researching breaches of the Treaty by the Crown or its agents, and suggesting means of redress.

Portions of this open space between Merryland and Crown Street were lost to market stalls that turned into permanent buildings.

Thus during the second half of the 15th century the chief taxes, the taille, aids and gabelle became definitely permanent for the benefit of the Crown, sometimes by the formal consent of the Estates-General, as in 1437 in the case of the aids.

On the death of the Peruvian astronomer Doctor Francisco Ruiz Lozano, Viceroy Melchor Liñán y Cisneros ( with the approval of the Crown ) gave mathematics a permanent position in the University of San Marcos.

The Courts of Assize and Quarter Sessions were eventually abolished in England and Wales by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court.

Before, South Africans had not been citizens but rather subjects of the British Crown, regardless of whether they were permanent residents or had only recently immigrated.

The Crown placed the hoard on permanent loan to the Ashmolean Museum.

The Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench was also styled Lord Chief Justice of England, being the highest permanent judge of the Crown.

Quarter Sessions were abolished in England and Wales in 1972, when the Courts Act 1971 replaced them together with the Courts of Assize ( Assizes ) with a single permanent Crown Court of England and Wales.

The idea was to set up a permanent assignation of land troops to the Royal Spanish Navy, available for the Crown.

The practical management of the Royal Stables and stud devolves on the chief or Crown Equerry, formerly called the Gentleman of the Horse, whose appointment was always permanent.

Within six months the VATC were granted use of Crown land at Caulfield as a permanent home in Melbourne.

In 2000, he was the interim president ( commissioner ) of All Japan Pro Wrestling's Pacific Wrestling Federation title governing body, but only while they searched for a permanent replacement for Lord James Blears and to present the vacant AJPW Triple Crown Championship to the winner of a tournament.