This refusal to accept any renunciation of allegiance to the Crown led to conflict with the United States over impressment, and then led to further conflicts even during the War of 1812, when thirteen Irish American prisoners of war were executed as traitors after the Battle of Queenston Heights ; Winfield Scott urged American reprisal, but none was carried out.

* 1991 – Crown Heights riot: Black groups target Hasidic Jews on the streets of Crown Heights in New York, New York during 3 days, after 2 black kids were struck by a car driven by a Hasidic man.

* 1991: Crown Heights Riot-May-between African Americans and the area's large Hasidic Jewish community, over the killing of a 10-year old black child by a Jewish motorist.

For the 1993 Valentine's Day issue, the magazine cover by Art Spiegelman depicted a black woman and a Hasidic Jewish man kissing, referencing the Crown Heights riot of 1991.

The parade, which consists of steel bands, floats, elaborate Carnival costumes and sound trucks proceeds down Brooklyn's Eastern Parkway in the Crown Heights neighborhood.

Large Haredi enclaves exist in New York ( Flatbush, Williamsburg and Crown Heights sections of Brooklyn, Monsey ), New Jersey ( Lakewood, Passaic ), Los Angeles, California, Chicago, Illinois, Cleveland, Ohio, and Baltimore, Maryland.

Today, there exist many autonomous communities in places such as Borough Park, Williamsburg, and Crown Heights in Brooklyn, as well as more recently the yeshiva centered community of Lakewood, New Jersey, with their own economies, educational systems ( yeshivos ) welfare institutions and gemachs ( free-loan funds for everything from money to household items to tools, clothing, books and services ), medical services ( such as the Hatzalah ambulance corps ), and security ( the Shomrim neighborhood patrol ).

Arum grew up in the Crown Heights section of New York, with an Orthodox Jewish background, and is of Jewish descent.

Crown Heights is a hamlet ( and census-designated place ) in Dutchess County, New York, United States.

Crown Heights is by the west town line of the Town of Poughkeepsie.

Crown Heights is located at ( 41. 639978 ,-73. 931929 ).

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Several informal neighborhoods exist within the Spackenkill community such as Hagantown and Crown Heights, neighborhoods containing some of the schools of the Spackenkill School District.

" Use of the term to refer to events in 1918-19 in Polish cities including Kielce, Pinsk and Lwów was specifically avoided in the 1919 Morgenthau Report ( preferring " excesses "), whose authors argued that the term pogrom was inapplicable to the conditions existing in a war zone and required the situation to be antisemitic in nature rather than political, and media use of the term pogrom to refer to the 1991 Crown Heights riot caused public controversy.

The 1991 Crown Heights Riot in Brooklyn, New York has been referred to as a " pogrom " by persons such as Rudy Giuliani and the New York Times columnist A. M. Rosenthal.

It was one of the last boats to cross the Atlantic before the U-boat blockade began, and joined his father-in-law, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn, in the Crown Heights section of Brooklyn, New York.

Hundreds of Jewish children from Tehran and other major cities in Iran were flown from Tehran to New York with the help of Schneerson's emissaries, placed in foster homes in Crown Heights and educated in Chabad schools.

In halachic matters, he normally deferred to members of the Crown Heights Beth Din headed by Rabbi Zalman Shimon Dvorkin, and advised the movement to do likewise in the event of his death.

Rabbi Schneerson rarely left Crown Heights in Brooklyn except for frequent lengthy visits to his father-in-law's gravesite in Queens, New York.

In 1991 there was an outbreak known as the Crown Heights Riot.

The Crown Heights Riot was a three-day disturbance that occurred in August 1991 in the Crown Heights neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn.

In the spring of 2008 racial tension flared up in a few blocks ; however, it never reached the level of tension that occurred during the Crown Heights Riot of the early 1990s.

The Crown can be held responsible should it fail in upholding its duty to maintain peace ; this was the justification for the Riot Act and subsequent legislation throughout the British Empire.

In 1991, Professor Michael André Bernstein alleged reductio ad Hitlerum over a full-page advertisement placed in The New York Times by the Lubavitch community, following the Crown Heights Riot, under the heading " This Year Kristallnacht Took Place on August 19th Right Here in Crown Heights.

During the Crown Heights Riot, Dinkins stood on the stairs of a police temporary headquarters vehicle and addressed the several hundred police officers who were there for roll call.

Fires in the Mirror dealt with the 1991 Crown Heights Riot.

Crime began a 15-year decline in 1990 during Dinkins's administration, but a combination of continued racial strife ( such as that in the Crown Heights Riot in 1991 ), and an extremely weak economy ( in January 1993 the city's unemployment rate reached 13. 4 percent, the highest level of joblessness seen there since the Great Depression ) caused Dinkins ' popularity to seriously decline ( including a threat by residents of Staten Island to secede from the city ).

The Pine Tree Riot was an act of resistance to British royal authority undertaken by American colonists in New Hampshire in 1772, placing it among the disputes between Crown and colonists that culminated in the American Revolution.

Local allegiance was due by an alien while in the protection of the Crown.

A resident alien owed allegiance even when the protection of the Crown was withdrawn owing to the occupation of an enemy, because the absence of the Crown's protection was temporary and involuntary ( de Jager v Attorney-Geneneral of Natal AC 326 ).

Legal allegiance was due when an alien took an oath of allegiance required for a particular office under the Crown.

In spite of this, it had been agreed with the Serbian Government that Prince Mirko of Montenegro, who was married to Natalija Konstantinovic, the granddaughter of Princess Anka Obrenovic, an aunt of King Milan, would be proclaimed Crown Prince of Serbia in the event that the marriage of King Alexander and Queen Draga was childless .< ref name =" njeg ">

The Indies were administered as a federation of commonwealth kingdoms fashioned after the Aragonite Crown, but united under the Castilian system America was divided in 4 kingdoms, and Autonomous 5 Captainships autonomous within those kingdoms.

The president of the Mexico City and Lima Audiencia, was the Prime Minister, and the viceroys represented the Crown.

During the reign of his father, he was the procurator general of the Crown.

Andrew's first mission to the East was when he was asked by the French king Louis IX to go and fetch the Crown of Thorns which had been sold to him by the Latin Emperor of Constantinople Baldwin II in 1238, who was anxious to obtain support for his tottering empire.

In the United Kingdom, His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act was, with the consent of the Australian, Canadian, New Zealand, and South African governments, passed through parliament and the Crown thus passed to the next-in-line descendant of Sophia: Edward's brother, Prince Albert, Duke of York.

" The Convention, however, nowhere lists the right to succeed to the Crown as a human right ; therefore, the challenge was rejected.

A private member's bill — the Succession to the Crown Bill — was introduced in the House of Lords in December 2004.

Randy Johnson was awarded with his fourth consecutive Cy Young Award as well the Major League Baseball Triple Crown.

* Archbishop's Palace, Maidstone: constructed in the 1390s, the palace was seized by the Crown at the time of the Reformation.

* Knole House: built by Archbishop Bourchier in the second half of the 15th century, it was forfeited to the Crown by Archbishop Cranmer in 1538.

In Italy, the Iron Crown of Lombardy was being fought over between Guy III of Spoleto and Berengar of Friuli.

When the office of Lord High Admiral was in commission, as it was for most of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries until it reverted to the Crown, it was exercised by a Board of Admiralty, officially known as the Commissioners for Exercising the Office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, & c. ( alternatively of England, Great Britain or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland depending on the period ).

During the 1573 Polish election, Albert Frederick attempted to gain acceptance to the Polish senate but was opposed by the powerful Jan Zamoyski ( later Grand Hetman of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland ) who feared the influence of Protestants in the Polish legislative body.

The death of Karl ( 8 September 1781 ) make him the next in line to the Electorate as Crown Prince ( de: Kronprinz ); this was because all the pregnancies of the Electress Amalie, except for one daughter, ended in a stillbirth.