While it is easy enough to ridicule Hawkins' pronouncement in Pleas Of The Crown from a metaphysical point of view, the concept of the `` oneness '' of a married couple may reflect an abiding belief that the communion between husband and wife is such that their actions are not always to be regarded by the criminal law as if there were no marriage.

The duty of the Crown towards its subjects is to govern and protect.

The reciprocal duty of the subject towards the Crown is that of allegiance.

Section 39 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988 provides that common assault, like battery, is triable only in the magistrates ' court in England and Wales ( unless it is linked to a more serious offence, which is triable in the Crown Court ).

* 1810 – Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, is elected Crown Prince of Sweden by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates.

The Crown is represented by the Governor-General in the government of the ACT.

Canadian scholar Richard Toporoski theorised in 1998 that " if, let us say, an alteration were to be made in the United Kingdom to the Act of Settlement 1701, providing for the succession of the Crown ... t is my opinion that the domestic constitutional law of Australia or Papua New Guinea, for example, would provide for the succession in those countries of the same person who became Sovereign of the United Kingdom.

Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has been more explicitly a state church and the choice is legally that of the British crown ; today it is made in the name of the Sovereign by the Prime Minister, from a shortlist of two selected by an ad hoc committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.

Today the choice is made in the name of the monarch by the prime minister, from a shortlist of two selected by an ad-hoc committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.

The Crown may choose to grant the petition, but if there is any doubt whatsoever as to the pedigree of the petitioner, the claim is normally referred to the Committee for Privileges.

The football stadium is called the Crown Ground.

Boulder, Colorado is legendary with bouldering opportunities and fierce clean climbing ethic, particularly in the Crown Rocks area featuring notable first bouldering ascents by John Gill, Chuck Pratt and Pat Ament.

Crown Green Bowls is very popular mostly in the North of England but also in Wales, West Midlands and Shropshire.

The Panel ( Professional Crown Green Bowls ) is played at the Red Lion, Westhoughton daily and is played to 41-up with greenside betting throughout play.

The game of Crown Green Bowls is looking to grow with the introduction of the Portuguese Masters in October and recent interest from Sky TV to re-televise the sport.

It remains the private property of the monarch, and is not part of the Crown Estate.

Balmoral is a private property and, unlike the monarch's official residences, is not part of the state-owned Crown Estate.

It was formerly the county town of Cornwall until the Crown Courts moved to Truro which is also the administrative centre ( before 1835 the county town was Launceston ).

" The Convention, however, nowhere lists the right to succeed to the Crown as a human right ; therefore, the challenge was rejected.

Between 1580 and 1640 the Crown of Portugal and the Crown of Spain were held by the same kings and therefore Casablanca and all other areas occupied by the Portuguese were under Spanish control, even though maintaining an autonomous Portuguese administration.

Robinson was therefore born into a family that was a historical mix of rebels against and servants of the Crown.

* January 1 – Changes to the Swedish Act of Succession make Princess Victoria of Sweden first in line to the throne (" heir apparent ") and therefore Crown Princess, ahead of her younger brother.

Like the rest of the BBC, the World Service is a Crown Corporation of the UK Government and is therefore independent from Parliament.

The state is therefore referred to as Her Majesty The Queen in Right of Canada (), or The Crown in Right of Canada, and the monarch's legal personality is sometimes referred to simply as Canada.

To provide for short-term money Charles therefore on 2 January 1672 repudiated the Crown debts in the Great Stop of the Exchequer which gained him ₤ 1, 300, 000.

The town is serviced by Crown Point post office therefore most places within Winfield have a " Crown Point " address.

The owners of Caribbean International News Corp, and therefore owners of El Vocero, are Elliot Stein, I. Martin Pompadur and The Henry Crown Co.

Land held directly by the Crown, known as property in the " royal demesne ", is not held under any vestigial feudal tenure ( the crown has no historical overlord other than, for brief periods, the papacy ) and there is therefore no estate to register.

Charles, therefore, obtained a written opinion, signed by ten out of twelve judges consulted, to the effect that in time of national danger, of which the Crown was the sole judge, ship money might legally be levied on all parts of the country by writ under the Great Seal.

They had no permission from the Crown to do so, however, and the legal status of the colony would therefore become void.

He was the President of the Supreme Court of England and Wales, and therefore supervised the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, the High Court of Justice of England and Wales and the Crown Court of England and Wales.

According to the Waitangi Tribunal, the arrests were invalid: the land was not Crown land and therefore it was the army, not Māori, who were trespassing.

Finally, in 1999 the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that a typical lap dance did not constitute an " obscene " act within the meaning of the Criminal Code of Canada ( the Crown did not argue that the lap dance constituted " prostitution " and therefore the court did not address the possible issue that the typical lap dance may contravene one or more anti-prostitution laws.

: Whereas it has pleased Almighty God to call to His Mercy our late Sovereign Lord King George the Sixth of Blessed and Glorious memory, by whose Decease the Crown is solely and rightfully come to the High and Mighty Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary: WE, therefore, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal of this Realm, being here assisted with these His late Majesty's Privy Council, with representatives of other Members of the Commonwealth, with other Principal Gentlemen of Quality, with the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of London, do now hereby with one voice and Consent of Tongue and Heart publish and proclaim that the High and Mighty Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary is now, by the death of our late Sovereign of happy memory, become Queen Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of this Realm and of all Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, to whom Her lieges do acknowledge all Faith and constant Obedience with hearty and humble Affection, beseeching God by whom Kings and Queens do reign, to bless the Royal Princess Elizabeth the Second with long and happy Years to reign over us.

The original St. Edward's Crown, used at the coronation of English monarchs, was considered a holy relic, kept in the saint's shrine at Westminster Abbey, and therefore not worn by sovereigns at any other time.

The law prohibited the removal of the British Crown Jewels from the United Kingdom ; therefore, a separate crown, known as the Imperial Crown of India, was created for him.

The county Coroner declared them to be treasure trove and therefore Crown property.

This practice was prohibited by the Danish Crown in 1771 for the Duchy of Schleswig and was therefore abandoned on the eastern part of Föhr.

Roger Mortimer therefore succeeded to the lordship of Trim, County Meath ( which later reverted to the Crown ).

In 1715, James Ogilvy, son of the 3rd Earl, took part in a Jacobite uprising against the Crown, and was therefore punished by being attainted ; consequently, at his father's death two years later, he was unable to inherit the title.

The president of the Mexico City and Lima Audiencia, was the Prime Minister, and the viceroys represented the Crown.

As colonies of the British Commonwealth of Nations sought nationhood, Princess Margaret represented the Crown at independence ceremonies in Jamaica in 1962 and Tuvalu and Dominica in 1978.

It also sets out — or, in the view of its drafters, restates — certain constitutional requirements of the Crown to seek the consent of the people, as represented in Parliament.

When residing in Sweden, the king was represented by a governor-general styled Stattholder, often noble, repeatedly even the Crown Prince ( then called Viceroy ).

This combined references to several symbols of the realm: the White Tree was a unique plant brought by Isildur from Númenor, first planted in Minas Ithil and later three times replanted from seed at Minas Anor ; the Crown of Gondor was in the beginning Isildur's war-helmet and later the main symbol of monarchy in the South-kingdom, with wings of a sea-bird being an emblem of the exiled Númenóreans ; and the stars " originally represented the single stars on the banners of each of seven ships of nine in which Elendil and his sons sailed to Middle-earth that bore a palantír ".

This means that the King cannot act in a public capacity without ministerial approval: externally the governmental policy is always represented by the responsible minister who, should he feel that the King's personal influence in it threatens to become too predominant, has to resign if he cannot prevent it ; what happens internally between King and ministers is the Crown Secret, never to be divulged.

During the 14th century royal power came to be represented not simply by a crown, but by just one specific object: the Holy Crown.

In modern Canadian constitutional theory, the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions, and each province has its own " Crown " represented by the lieutenant-governor, whereas the territories are not sovereign, but simply parts of the federal realm, and have a commissioner.

De Brome's foundation was confirmed in a charter of 21 January 1326, in which the Crown, represented by the Lord Chancellor, was to exercise the rights of Visitor ; a further charter drawn up in May of that year gave the rights of Visitor to Henry Burghersh, Bishop of Lincoln, Oxford at that time being part of the diocese of Lincoln.

Wilhelm I, German Emperor ( her maternal great-granduncle, who was represented by the German Ambassador Count Münster ); the German Crown Princess ( her paternal aunt, who was represented by her own sister Princess Christian ); Prince and Princess Friedrich Karl of Prussia ( her maternal grandparents, for whom her paternal uncle the Duke of Edinburgh and aunt Princess Beatrice stood proxy ) and the Prince of Wales ( her paternal uncle ).

Rather, the beneficiaries are represented by the Attorney General for England and Wales as a parens patriae, who appears on the part of The Crown.

* As with the other dominions, the British monarch would be the head of state of the Irish Free State ( Saorstát Éireann ) and would be represented by a Governor General ( See Representative of the Crown ).

In their final summary of Hnatyshyn's years in office, though, the former governor general was generally viewed to have not stood up for the Canadian Crown that he represented, choosing to follow, instead of Vincent Massey's example, that of Sauvé, who was herself seen as a republican.

His godparents were Queen Victoria ( his paternal grandmother ), King Christian IX of Denmark ( his maternal grandfather, represented by his brother Prince Johann of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg ), King Leopold I of Belgium ( his great great-uncle ), the Dowager Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg ( his maternal great-grandmother, for whom the Duchess of Cambridge stood proxy ), the Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ( his great-aunt by marriage, for whom the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz stood proxy ), the Landgrave of Hesse ( his maternal great-grandfather, for whom Prince George, Duke of Cambridge, stood proxy ), the Crown Princess of Prussia ( his paternal aunt, for whom The Princess Helena, her sister, stood proxy ) and The Prince Alfred ( his paternal uncle ).

* Pound sterling ( GBP, represented by the pound sign: "£"), the currency of the United Kingdom, its Crown dependencies ( the Isle of Man and the Channel Island bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey ), and the British Overseas Territories of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory and British Indian Ocean Territory.

A considerable number of ex-Gurkhas and their families live in Hong Kong, where they are particularly well represented in the private security profession ( G4S Gurkha Services, Pacific Crown Security Service, Sunkoshi Gurkha Security ) and among labourers.

These members represented subjects of the Crown who were not Lords Temporal or Spiritual, who themselves sat in the House of Lords.

In all countries, the House of Commons now as in the past may be prorogued for an election or some other purpose only by the Crown, represented outside the United Kingdom by the Governor General of each Commonwealth realm.

Upper Egypt was represented by the tall White Crown Hedjet, and its symbols were the flowering lotus and the sedge.

Lower Egypt was represented by the Low Red Crown Deshret, and its symbols were the papyrus and the bee.

He represented the Crown during peace talks with the French in 1445 and 1446 and in roles such as an envoy to the insurgents with Jack Cade at Blackheath.

Her godparents were: Queen Victoria ( her paternal grandmother ); the German Empress ( for whom Alice's paternal aunt Princess Beatrice stood proxy ); William III, King of the Netherlands ( for whom the Dutch Ambassador Count de Bylandt stood proxy ); Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse ( her namesake's widower, whose brother-in-law the Duke of Edinburgh represented him ); the Princess of Waldeck-Pyrmont ( her maternal grandmother ); the Prince of Wales ( her paternal uncle ); the German Crown Princess ( her paternal aunt, whose sister-in-law the Princess of Wales represented her ); Prince Wilhelm of Württemberg ( her cousin, for whom his cousin the Duke of Teck stood proxy ); the Hereditary Princess of Bentheim and Steinfurt ( her maternal aunt, for whom her paternal aunt Princess Christian stood proxy ); and the Duchess of Cambridge ( an aunt of the Queen, whose daughter the Duchess of Teck represented her ).