* 1661 – The Treaty of The Hague is signed by Portugal and the Dutch Republic.

* 1572 – In the Eighty Years ' War, the Watergeuzen capture Brielle from the Spaniards, gaining the first foothold on land for what would become the Dutch Republic.

* 1609 – Eighty Years ' War: Spain and the Dutch Republic sign the Treaty of Antwerp to initiate twelve years of truce.

| PLACE OF BIRTH = Lutjegast, Dutch Republic

ARIN formerly covered Argentina, Aruba, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Dutch West Indies, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands ( UK ), French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela until LACNIC was formed.

Whilst Marlborough led his army, General Overkirk would maintain a defensive position in the Dutch Republic in case Villeroi mounted an attack.

Category: Battles involving the Dutch Republic

For the Grand Alliance – Austria, England, and the Dutch Republic – the battle had followed an indecisive campaign against the Bourbon armies of King Louis XIV of France in 1705.

Shortly after Marlborough landed in the Dutch Republic on 14 April, news arrived of major Allied setbacks in the wider war.

In the end England and the Dutch Republic took control of the newly won territory for the duration of the war ; after which it was to be handed over to the direct rule of ‘ Charles III ’, subject to the reservation of a Dutch Barrier, the extent and nature of which had yet to be settled.

Category: Battles involving the Dutch Republic

The myth was perpetuated by Romeyn de Hooghe's Spiegel van Staat der Vereenigden Nederlanden (" Mirror of the State of the United Netherlands ", 1706 ), which also ran to many editions, and it was revived in the atmosphere of Romantic nationalism in the late eighteenth-century reforms that saw a short-lived Batavian Republic and, in the colony of the Dutch East Indies, a capital ( now Jakarta ) that was named Batavia.

Following the discovery of the islands by Columbus, the area was quickly colonised by several Western cultures ( initially Spain, then later Portugal, England, the Dutch Republic, France and Denmark ).

Fahrenheit was born in 1686 in Danzig ( Gdańsk ), the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but lived most of his life in the Dutch Republic.

After the Spanish and Portuguese ports were closed to the Dutch ships, the Republic began to show interest for trading in the Atlantic region.

Spain offered peace on condition that the Dutch Republic would withdraw from trading to Asia and America.

In 1791, the company's stock was bought by the Dutch government, and on 1 January 1792, all territories previously held by the Dutch West India Company reverted to the rule of the States-General of the Dutch Republic.

This threatened to unite the Spanish and French kingdoms under the House of Bourbon – something unacceptable to England, the Dutch Republic, and Leopold I, who had himself a claim to the Spanish throne.

From the beginning the Emperor had refused to accept the will of Charles II, and he did not wait for England and the Dutch Republic to begin hostilities.

* Treaty of Elbing, signed between the Dutch Republic and the Swedish Empire in 1656

This brought them into conflict with Britain and the Dutch Republic, which wished to preserve the independence of the southern Netherlands from France.

The navy of the Dutch Republic was the first navy to build the larger ocean-going frigates.

For example, in Sri Lanka, the Dutch formally promulgated a rule that automatically expelled any Dutch woman from the Sri Lankan Dutch community, if she married a man who was not Dutch.

In the Dutch East Indies ( now Indonesia ) the vast majority of Dutch settlers were in fact Eurasians known as Indo-Europeans, formally belonging to the European legal class in the colony.

Following bankruptcy, the VOC was formally dissolved in 1800, and the government of the Netherlands established the Dutch East Indies as a nationalised colony.

The Netherlands tried to reestablish their rule, but a bitter armed and diplomatic struggle ended in December 1949, when in the face of international pressure, the Dutch formally recognised Indonesian independence.

The Dutch government went into exile in England and formally ceded its colonial possessions to Great Britain.

On 1 August 2010 the Dutch military formally declared its withdrawal from its four-year mission in Afghanistan ; most soldiers are expected to be back in the Netherlands by September, excepting those working on the reset, redistribution and repatriation of materiel and supplies.

Later the Dutch were united more formally with many of these groups under the name " Utrecht Union of Churches ".

These treaties ended the Thirty Years ' War ( 1618 – 1648 ) in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Eighty Years ' War ( 1568 – 1648 ) between Spain and the Dutch Republic, with Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic.

* August 6 – Portugal and the Dutch Republic sign the Treaty of The Hague, whereby New Holland is formally ceded to Portugal by the Dutch Republic.

In 1860, Belgium formally adopted the song and music as its national anthem, although the then prime minister, Charles Rogier edited out lyrics attacking the Dutch Prince of Orange.

In 1678, the Franco-Dutch War ended, and the Dutch returned their attention to Tortola, although it was not until 1684 that the Dutch ambassador, Arnout van Citters, formally requested the return of Tortola.

After the war, the British formally acquired the colony ( 1814 ), and encouraged immigration by British settlers who were largely at odds with the Dutch settlers.

Weighed down by corruption in the late 18th century, the Company went bankrupt and was formally dissolved in 1800, its possessions and the debt being taken over by the government of the Dutch Batavian Republic.

The border between Portuguese Timor and the Dutch East Indies was formally decided in 1859 with the Treaty of Lisbon.

In 1913, the Portuguese and Dutch formally agreed to split the island between them.

The year featured in the coins can date back to 1999, when the currency was formally established ( only Belgian, Finnish, French, Dutch, and Spanish coins have 1999 ).

Although formally under the Admiral-General Frederick Henry of Orange, he was in fact supreme commander of the Dutch fleet, as the stadtholders never fought at sea.

The Macedonian phalanx of Aelian had many points of resemblance to the solid masses of pikemen and the squadrons of cavalry of the Spanish and Dutch systems, and the translations made in the 16th century formed the groundwork of numerous books on drill and tactics.

The commercial success of Dutch hip hop is largely made by Brainpower, Yes-R, Ali B, Lange Frans & Baas B and Extince.

Modern variants of the Batavian founding myth are made more credible by pointing out that the Batavians were only part of the ancestry of the Dutch people, together with the Frisians, Franks and Saxons, and by tracing patterns of DNA.

A Dutch book is made when a clever gambler places a set of bets that guarantee a profit, no matter what the outcome is of the bets.

If a bookmaker follows the rules of the Bayesian calculus in the construction of his odds, a Dutch book cannot be made.

Following his conquest of most of Western Europe, the first Napoleon made his elder brother Joseph ( 1768 – 1844 ) king first of Naples ( 1806 – 1808 ) and then of Spain ( 1808 – 1813 ), his third brother Louis ( 1778 – 1846 ) king of Holland ( 1806 – 1810 ) ( subsequently forcing his abdication after his failure to subordinate Dutch interests to those of France ) and his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte ( 1784 – 1860 ) king of Westphalia, the short-lived realm created from some of the states of northwestern Germany ( 1807 – 1813 ).

* HAN investigation of complaints made by Lomborg critics, by a number of Dutch scientists of the complaints made by Lomborg critics.

A Dutch family's ( van Houten ) inventions made mass production of shiny, tasty chocolate bars and related products possible.

A cartoon ( from the Italian " cartone " and Dutch word " karton ", meaning strong, heavy paper or pasteboard ) is a full-size drawing made on sturdy paper as a study or modello for a painting, stained glass or tapestry.

Jayawikarta is thought to have made trading connections with the English merchants, rivals of the Dutch, by allowing them to build houses directly across from the Dutch buildings in 1615.

In tribute, the museum was renamed the " Musée Napoléon " in 1803, and acquisitions were made of Spanish, Austrian, Dutch, and Italian works, either as spoils or through treaties such as the Treaty of Tolentino.

An exception was made for the Protestant Dutch, who were allowed to continue to trade with Japan from the confines of a small man-made island in Nagasaki, Deshima.

These illegally made Croatian weapons " also ended up in the Dutch criminal world: between 1998 and 2000, a couple dozen ‘ Croatian UZIs ’ were seized ".

Mary's animated and personable nature made her popular with the Dutch people, and her marriage to a Protestant prince was popular in Britain.

In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements.

It made a military alliance with France, the Kingdom of England and the Dutch Republic against Habsburg Spain, Italy and Habsburg Austria.

The Dutch Reformed Church confiscated Church property, expelled monks and nuns from convents and monasteries, and made it illegal to receive the Catholic Sacraments.

Since January 2006, the NATO International Security Assistance Force undertook combat duties from Operation Enduring Freedom in southern Afghanistan, the NATO force chiefly made up of British, Canadian and Dutch forces ( and some smaller contributions from Denmark, Romania and Estonia and air support from Norway as well as air and artillery support from the U. S .) ( see the article Coalition combat operations in Afghanistan in 2006 ).

The first documented European sighting of the region was made by the Dutch Captain Willem de Vlamingh and his crew on 10 January 1697.

On the other hand, even some cheaper arms could be professional quality: The " All Balance " arm made by a now defunct Dutch company, " Acoustical " was only € 30.

* Netherlands: In April 2008, the Dutch Government announced that it would ease the ban it had imposed in January 2007 that made it illegal to use a Segway on public roads in the Netherlands.

The first time the Tongan people encountered Europeans was in 1616 when the Dutch vessel Eendracht made a short visit to the islands to trade.