Following the reversion of the Earldom of Chester to the crown, in 1254 Henry III passed the Lordship of Chester ( but not the title of Earl ) to his son Edward, who as Edward I bestowed the Earldom of Chester on his son Edward when he created him the first Prince of Wales in 1301.

In May 1503, James IV confirmed her possession of lands and houses in Scotland, including Methven Castle, Stirling Castle, Doune Castle, Linlithgow Palace and Newark Castle in Ettrick Forest, with the incomes from the corresponding Earldom and Lordship lands.

The first creation dates from 1138, when the Earldom of Pembroke was conferred by King Stephen on Gilbert de Clare ( d. 1148 ), son of Gilbert Fitz-Richard, who possessed the Lordship of Strigul ( Estrighoiel, in Domesday Book ), the modern Chepstow.

King Henry III then passed the Lordship of Chester, but not the title of Earl, to his son the Lord Edward in 1254 ; as King Edward I he in turn conferred the title and the lands of the Earldom on his son, Edward, the first English Prince of Wales.

The third creation, along with the Earldom of Ross and Lordship Ardmannoch, was for Mary, Queen of Scots ' king consort Lord Darnley, whose son, later James VI of Scotland, I of England and Ireland, inherited the titles on his death.

When in 1458, James Douglas, lord Dalkeith, was to receive the name ' Morton ' for his intended earldom, a protest was presented against this creation, asserting correctly that the lands of Mortoun belonged heritably to his step-grandmother, Janet Borthwick, widow of Sir James Douglas, known as 1st Lord of Dalkeith, and to her son William Douglas ( progenitor of the Whittingehame branch of the Douglases ), to which the Chancellor answered that " Lord Dalkeith was not to receive his title in the Earldom for the lands of Mortoun lying in the Lordship of Niddisdale but for the lands of Mortoun in the territory of Caldercleir ".

The Lordship of Falconer of Halkerton and the Earldom of Kintore remained united until 1966, when, at the death of the tenth Earl, the Lordship became dormant.

On his death, the Earldom of Cowper and its associated titles became extinct, the Barony of Butler became abeyant, and the Barony of Lucas and the Lordship of Dingwall passed to his nephew, Auberon Herbert ( a grandson of the 3rd Earl of Carnarvon ), who became 9th Baron Lucas and 5th Lord Dingwall.

On his death in 1628 the Earldom and Irish Barony became extinct while the Scottish Lordship of Parliament passed to his daughter Elizabeth Preston, who married the 1st Duke of Ormonde.

The Earldom remained merged with the Dukedom until the death of the 1st Duke's grandson the 3rd Duke, when the Dukedom and four of its subsidiary titles became extinct ( the Viscountcy and Barony of Cobham and the Lordship of Kinloss survived, however ; see these titles for more information ).

J., The Earldom of Ross and the Lordship of the Isles, in Firthlands of Ross and Sutherland, ed.

At this time the area was at the boundary of the Norse-Celtic Lordship of the Isles and the Earldom of Ross: Eilean Donan provided a strong defensive position against Norse expeditions.

An apparent original of the Letters Patent of the Earldom are in the possession of Graf O ' Donell von Tyrconnell in Austria, although that family did not inherit the title, nor the related territorial Lordship of Tyrconnell, the remainders of which were destined elsewhere.

Honours continued to be heaped upon the Clan down through the years, with the titles bestowed on the Kerrs including the Barony of Newbattle, the Earldom of Lothian, the Lordship of Jedburgh, the Earldom of Ancram, and the Dukedom of Roxburghe.

His titles were divided according to their patents: the Earldom of Sutherland and Lordship of Strathnaver passed to his niece, only daughter of Lord Alastair Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, Elizabeth Sutherland, 24th Countess of Sutherland, while the remainder of his titles passed to the heir male, a distant relative, the Earl of Ellesmere.

The Earldom of Carrick merged into the crown of Scotland with the accession in 1306 of the Earl of Carrick, Robert the Bruce, who transferred the title to his son David in 1328 ( the title became automatically subsidiary to the Dukedom of Rothesay in 1469 ); the High Stewardship merged into the crown with the accession of Robert, 7th High Steward of Scotland as Robert III in 1371 ; the Dukedom of Rothesay was created by Robert III of Scotland for his son David in 1398.

Born into a family of British nobility as The Honourable Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, she became Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon when her father inherited the Scottish Earldom of Strathmore and Kinghorne in 1904.

The lesser title and ( in due course ) greater estates of the Earldom of March also became his on the death of his maternal uncle Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, on 19 January 1425.

Magnus's nephew, Rognvald Kali Kolsson, laid claim to the Earldom of Orkney, and was advised by his father Kol to promise the islanders to " build a stone minster at Kirkwall " in memory of his uncle the Holy Earl, and this became St Magnus Cathedral, Kirkwall.

This Earldom, and all honours created for him, became extinct when he died childless at the battle of Agincourt in 1415.

Upon his death, the Earldom of Warrington became extinct.

Upon his death the Barony, Earldom and Marquessate of Curzon of Kedleston and the Earldom of Kedleston became extinct, whilst the Viscountcy and Barony of Scarsdale were inherited by a nephew.

The title of Earl Granville descended to his son Robert, who died without issue in 1776, when the Earldom of this creation became extinct.

* James Bruce, who became governor-in-chief of British North America and viceroy of India and succeed to the Earldom.

In 1402 he succeeded his father as Duke of York ; the Earldom of Rutland, by its charter, then became extinct, although he continued to sign himself as Earl of Rutland.

The other part of these estates — including the Earldom of Hereford, which had belonged to Mary de Bohun and had then become incorporated into the holdings of the House of Lancaster — became a matter of contention in the latter 15th century.

Both the Earldom of Hereford, Earldom of Northampton and the Earldom of Essex became extant in 1373, reconfirmation of titles on heirs to be issued soon.

After the Kingdom of Jórvík was remerged with Northumbria ( by now an Earldom of England under the House of Wessex ), the title King of Jórvík became redundant and was succeeded by the title Earl of York, created in 960.

The dukedom and the Earldom of Kendal became extinct.

With the death of the eighth earl, the Earldom of Castlehaven and the Baronies of Audley of Hely and Audley of Orier became extinct.

He died unmarried, at which time the Earldom of Castlehaven and two of its subsidiary titles ( Baron Audley of Orier and Baron Audley of Hely ) became extinct.

He succeeded to the Earldom of Winchilsea ( with which the Nottingham title now became united ) on 9 September 1729, and died on 1 January 1730.

In 1723 John's elder half-brother Carr died, whereby he became heir apparent to the Earldom of Bristol with the courtesy title of Lord Hervey.

The late Duke was succeeded in the Barony of St John, the Earldom of Wiltshire and the Marquessate of Winchester by his distant relative ( his third cousin once removed ) George Paulet, who became the twelfth Marquess.

The Earldom of Mar and Buchan formed one of the seven original Scottish earldoms ; later the Earl of Buchan became separated from Mar The district was eventually combined into the county of Aberdeenshire, along with Marr and later The Mearns.

However, with the death of the 4th Marquess, the Marquessate became extinct, but the Earldom passed to the elder daughter of the 2nd Marquess.

This list does not include Orkney, which was a Norwegian Earldom, and became ruled by Scotland in the 15th century.

* The Earldom of Kent becomes extinct.

* Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne ( 1693 – 1768 ), a nephew of John Holles, 1st Duke, died without male issue, and his father's Laughton Barony and Baronetcy, his Earldom and his first Dukedom went extinct

The result was that he held two Dukedoms of Fife ; the 1889 creation ( with the subsidiary Marquessate of Macduff ) would become extinct in the absence of a son and the 1900 creation ( with the subsidiary Earldom of Macduff ) would devolve upon his elder daughter in the absence of a son.

The only potential heirs to the Earldom and other subsidiary titles, were the Dukedom to become extinct, would be heirs male of the Hon.

* Josceline Percy, 11th Earl of Northumberland ( 1644 – 1670 ), son of Algernon, died leaving only one daughter, so the Earldom became extinct

The Earldom of Surrey fell into abeyance ( or went extinct ; authorities differ on this matter ).

He had no children, so the second creation of the Earldom was then extinct.

With his death, unmarried, the male line of Sir Edward de Courtenay was extinct ; and the Earldom with it, or so everybody thought.

While the title was supposed extinct, there were two recreations, to the families of Blount and Cavendish, of a Devon Earldom ; for which see Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devonshire ( 1603 – 1606 ) and Duke of Devonshire.

On his death, the Dukedom and Marquessate became extinct, the Barony of Montagu passed according to its special remainder, and the Earldom and other titles passed to his younger brother, the 5th Earl, who on 17 October 1780 had been created Baron Brudenell, of Deene in the County of Northampton, in the Peerage of Great Britain.

On the death of his grandson, the third Earl, in 1983, the Earldom and Barony of Aveland became extinct ( while the Baronetcy also held by the Earl was passed on to a distant relative ), while the Barony of Willoughby de Eresby was inherited by the late Earl's daughter, Nancy, the present holder of the title.

The Earldom became extinct.