The African djembe-wassolou is also a goblet membranophone. This article focuses on the Eastern and North-African goblet drum.

In the 19th century, France was a country of immigration for peoples and political refugees from Eastern Europe ( Germany, Poland, Hungary, Russia, Ashkenazi Jews ) and from the Mediterranean ( Italy, Spanish Sephardic Jews and North-African Mizrahi Jews ).

The goblet drum ( also chalice drum, darbuka, debuka, doumbek, dumbec, or tablah,, / ALA-LC: darbūkah ) is a single head membranophone with a goblet shaped body used mostly in the Middle East, North Africa, and Eastern Europe.

The instruments most common are plucked lutes ( fretless: ' nd, the Middle Eastern lute ; and in Turkey fretted saz or sometimes mandoline or the chumbush ), kanun or santur ( plucked or hammered Middle Eastern zither ), violin and hand drums ( frame and goblet ).

Goblet-shaped drums are played in different regions of Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa.

Lands in this last category are situated largely in the mountainous portions of the Eastern States.

Of course, most toilets are Eastern style -- at floor level -- but even when they are raised to chair height, they are actually outside toilets -- inside.

A few newer homes have Western flush toilets, but even with running water, they are usually Eastern style.

`` They are determined '', Montgomery writes, `` not to be surprised again, and now insist on a state of readiness for war which is not only unnecessary, but also creates nervousness among other nations in the Western Alliance -- not to mention such great suspicions among the nations of the Eastern bloc that any progress towards peaceful coexistence or disarmament is not possible ''.

Most alphabetic scripts of India and Eastern Asia are descended from the Brahmi script, which is often believed to be a descendant of Aramaic.

Buildings made of sun-dried earth are common in West Asia, North Africa, West Africa, South America, southwestern North America, Spain ( usually in the Mudéjar style ), Eastern Europe and East Anglia, particularly Norfolk, known as ' clay lump.

Eastern Anatolia, where the Pontus and Taurus mountain ranges converge, is rugged country with higher elevations, a more severe climate, and greater precipitation than are found on the Anatolian Plateau.

Arianism is defined as those teachings attributed to Arius which are in opposition to mainstream Trinitarian Christological doctrine, as determined by the first two Ecumenical Councils and currently maintained by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, and most Reformation Protestant Churches.

American black bear, racking horse, Yellow-shafted Flicker, wild turkey, Atlantic tarpon, largemouth bass, Southern Longleaf Pine, Eastern tiger swallowtail, Monarch butterfly, Alabama red-bellied turtle, Red Hills salamander, camellia, oak-leaf hydrangea, peach, pecan, and blackberry are Alabama's state symbols.

Furthermore, in many Western and Eastern cultures alike, traits such as body hair are rarely depicted in art that addresses physical beauty.

Some Protestants feel that such claims of apostolic succession are proven false by the differences in traditions and doctrines between these churches: Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox consider both the Church of the East and the Oriental Orthodox churches to be heretical, having been anathematized in the early ecumenical councils of Ephesus ( 431 ) and Chalcedon ( 451 ) respectively.

Although colour change in leaves occurs wherever deciduous trees are found, coloured autumn foliage is noted in various regions of the world: most of Anglo-America, Eastern Asia ( including China, Korea, and Japan ), Europe, parts of Australia and New Zealand.

Eastern Canada and New England are famous for their autumnal foliage, and this attracts major tourism ( worth billions of U. S. dollars ) for the regions.

In West Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean early copper zinc alloys are now known in small numbers from a number of third Millennium BC sites in the Aegean, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kalmykia, Turkmenistan and Georgia and from 2nd Millennium BC sites in West India, Uzbekistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq and Israel.

Eastern tribes have a completely different beadwork aesthetic, and Innu, Mi ' kmaq, Penobscot, and Haudenosaunee tribes are known for symmetrical scroll motifs in white beads, called the " double curve.

These are ceremonially and politically important to a range of Eastern tribes.

Most forest areas are in Central, Eastern and Western parts of Bosnia.

Both countries are full members of the Southeast European Cooperation Process, of the Southeast European Cooperative Initiative, of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe, of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and of the Council of Europe.

The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox receive several additional books in to their canons based upon their presence in manuscripts of the ancient translation of the Old Testament in to Greek, the Septuagint ( although some of these books, such as Sirach and Tobit, are now known to be extant in Hebrew or Aramaic originals, being found amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls ).

The spelling and names in both the 1609 – 1610 Douay Old Testament ( and in the 1582 Rheims New Testament ) and the 1749 revision by Bishop Challoner ( the edition currently in print used by many Catholics, and the source of traditional Catholic spellings in English ) and in the Septuagint ( an ancient translation of the Old Testament in to Greek, which is widely used by the Eastern Orthodox instead of the Masoretic text ) differ from those spellings and names used in modern editions which are derived from the Hebrew Masoretic text.

Eastern Orthodox bishops, along with all other members of the clergy, are canonically forbidden to hold political office.

; Catholicos: Catholicoi are the heads of some of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Rite Catholic sui iuris churches ( notably the Armenian ), roughly similar to a Patriarch ( see above ).

His other important works include his Letters to Serapion, which dealt with the divinity of the Holy Spirit, and his classic Life of St Anthony, which was translated into several languages and played an important role in the spreading of the ascetic ideal in Eastern and Western Christianity.

The U. S. Agency for International Development ( USAID ) and Support for Eastern European Democracies ( SEED ) has played a large role in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina, including programs in economic development and reform, democratic reform ( media, elections ), infrastructure development, and training programs for Bosnian professionals, among others.

Calling Marxism " a truly messianic Judaeo-Christian ideology ", Eliade writes that Marxism " takes up and carries on one of the great eschatological myths of the Middle Eastern and Mediterranean world, namely: the redemptive part to be played by the Just ( the ' elect ', the ' anointed ', the ' innocent ', the ' missioners ', in our own days the proletariat ), whose sufferings are invoked to change the ontological status of the world ".

During the social and cultural climate of the ancient Eastern Jin Dynasty ( 316-420 AD ) based at Nanjing in the south, painting became one of the official pastimes of Confucian-taught bureaucratic officials and aristocrats ( along with music played by the guqin zither, writing fanciful calligraphy, and writing and reciting of poetry ).

Various types of hammered dulcimers are traditionally played in India, Iran, Southwest Asia, China, and parts of Southeast Asia, Central Europe ( Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Poland, Czech Republic, Switzerland ( particularly Appenzell ), Austria and Bavaria ), the Balkans, Eastern Europe ( Ukraine and Belarus ) and Scandinavia.

In Eastern Europe, a larger descendant of the hammered dulcimer called the cimbalom is played and has been used by a number of classical composers, including Zoltán Kodály, Igor Stravinsky and Pierre Boulez, and more recently, in a different musical context, by Blue Man Group.

In Canada, from oral histories, there is evidence of a tradition of an ancient stick and ball game played among the Mi ' kmaq First Nation in Eastern Canada.

The Wizards played their home games at CommunityAmerica Ballpark in Kansas in 2008, and ended a four year playoff drought by posting an 11 – 10 – 9 record, which was good enough for fourth place in the Eastern Conference.

Leipzig later played a significant role in instigating the fall of communism in Eastern Europe, through events which took place in and around St. Nicholas Church.

It is played openly in major casinos in China ( including Macau ); the United States ( including Las Vegas, Nevada ; Reno, Nevada ; Connecticut ; Atlantic City, New Jersey ; Eastern Pennsylvania ; and cardrooms in California ); Canada ( including Edmonton, Alberta and Calgary, Alberta ); Australia ; and, New Zealand.

The Antonescu regime played a major role in the Holocaust, following to a lesser extent the Nazi policy of oppression and massacre of the Jews, and Romas, primarily in the Eastern territories Romania recovered or occupied from the Soviet Union ( Transnistria ) and in Moldavia.

Gretzky ended his professional playing career with the New York Rangers, where he played his final three seasons and helped the team reach the Eastern Conference Finals in 1997.

Another exception is anytime CBS airs the Super Bowl or since 2003, alternating years where the AFC Championship Game has the 6: 30 pm Eastern start time, which is played into prime-time and followed by a special lead-out program.

On 5 January 1990, addressing Conservatives in Liverpool, Powell claimed that if the Conservatives played the " British card " at the next general election, they could win ; the new mood in Britain for " self-determination " had given the newly independent nations of Eastern Europe a " beacon ", adding that Britain should stand alone, if necessary, for European freedom, adding: " We are taunted –- by the French, by the Italians, by the Spaniards -– for refusing to worship at the shrine of a common government superimposed upon them all ... where were the European unity merchants in 1940?

The band also played behind the Iron Curtain when they performed to a crowd of 80, 000 in Budapest, in what was one of the biggest rock concerts ever held in Eastern Europe.

It played an important role in the history of the Slavic languages and served as a basis and model for later Church Slavonic traditions, and some Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches use Church Slavonic as a liturgical language to this day.

The middle Eastern zither, the qanun, is equipped with small levers called mandal that allow each course of multiple strings to be incrementally retuned " on the fly " while the instrument is being played.

Dr. David Goldstein, a Duke University geneticist and director of the Duke Center for Human Genome Variation, has noted that the Technion and Ramban team confirmed that genetic drift played a major role in shaping Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA, therefore mtDNA studies fail to draw a statistically significant linkage between modern Jews and Middle Eastern populations, however, this differs from the patrilineal case, where Dr. Goldstein said there is no question of a Middle Eastern origin.

Thorpe had indeed played professional baseball in the Eastern Carolina League for Rocky Mount, North Carolina, in 1909 and 1910, receiving meager pay ; reportedly as little as US $ 2 ($ today ) per game and as much as $ 35 ($ today ) per week.

Partizan is the first Eastern European football club which played in a European Cup final ( in 1966 ).

Began broadcasting January 5, 2001 at 11: 17AM Eastern, Tim McGraw was the first artist ever played on satellite radio.

After the war, Australia played a role in the Far Eastern Commission in Japan and supported Indonesian independence during that country's revolt against the Dutch ( 1945 – 49 ).

He helped Dallas win five Eastern Conference titles, two NFC titles, played in two Super Bowls, and was instrumental in Dallas ' first ever Super Bowl victory in 1972, making Hayes the only person to win both an Olympic gold medal and a Super Bowl ring.