Another notable script is Elder Futhark, which is believed to have evolved out of one of the Old Italic alphabets.

Elder Futhark gave rise to a variety of alphabets known collectively as the Runic alphabets.

the 520s to the 620s, there was a surge of Alemannic Elder Futhark inscriptions.

Unlike Proto-Norse, which was written with the Elder Futhark alphabet, Old Norse was written with the Younger Futhark alphabet, which only had 16 letters.

In addition to being the source of the Roman alphabet, it has been suggested that it passed northward into Venetia and from there through Raetia into the Germanic lands, where it became the Elder Futhark alphabet, the oldest form of the runes.

Among the primary source texts are short inscriptions in the Elder Futhark, among them the " bronze capsule of Schretzheim " ( c. 600 ).

A Raetic variant is conjectured to be at the origin or parallel evolution of the Elder Futhark ᛟ.

The Thorsberg chape ( a metal piece belonging to a scabbard found in the Thorsberg moor ) bears an Elder Futhark inscription, one of the earliest known altogether, dating to roughly AD 200.

The Elder Futhark rune ᚦ, called Thurs ( from Proto-Germanic * Þurisaz ), later evolved into the letter Þ.

Proto-Germanic * Ingwaz was one of the three sons of Mannus and the legendary ancestor of the Ingaevones and is also the reconstructed name of the Elder Futhark ŋ rune.

The shorter horn found in 1734 had six segments, a narrow one bearing a Proto-Norse Elder Futhark inscription at the rim and five ornamented with images.

The second horn bore an Elder Futhark inscription in Proto-Norse which is of great value for Germanic linguistics.

The second horn bore the following Elder Futhark inscription ( DR 12 † U ):

This inscription is among the earliest inscriptions in the Elder Futhark that record a full sentence, and the earliest preserving a line of alliterative verse.

The first recorded instance of the name of the god appears in the Migration Period, where a piece of jewelry ( a fibula ), the Nordendorf fibula, dating from the 7th century AD and found in Bavaria, bears an Elder Futhark inscription that contains the name " Þonar ", i. e. " Donar ", the southern Germanic form of the god's name.

The Elder Futhark Odal rune () represents the o sound.

The Western letter ( expressing / kʰ /, and later / x /) was adopted into the Old Italic alphabets, and its shape is also continued into the Algiz rune of the Elder Futhark.

The oldest known texts in Alemannic are brief Elder Futhark inscriptions dating to the 6th century ( Bülach fibula, Pforzen buckle, Nordendorf fibula ).

There are, however, a number of Elder Futhark inscriptions dating to the 6th century ( notably the Pforzen buckle ), as well as single words and many names found in Latin texts predating the 8th century.

Several bracteates also feature runic alphabet inscriptions ( a total of 133 inscriptions on bracteates are known, amounting to more than a third of the entire Elder Futhark corpus ).

11 %) bear Elder Futhark inscriptions which are often very short ; the most notable inscriptions are found on the Seeland-II-C ( offering traveling protection to the one who wears it ), Vadstena ( giving a listing of the Elder Futhark combined with a potential magical inscription ) and Tjurkö ( featuring an inscription in scaldic verse ) bracteates.

The letter originated from the rune in the Elder Fuþark, called thorn in the Anglo-Saxon and thorn or thurs (" giant ") in the Scandinavian rune poems, its reconstructed Proto-Germanic name being Thurisaz.

* Runes shown in the Secret of the Runes front cover ( and also in the booklet ) are Nordic runes with Elder Fuþark alphabet.

While the Middle Reuss became extinct in 1616, the Older and Younger line were divided again several times until in 1778 Count Henry XI united the possessions of Upper and Lower Greiz to the Principality of Reuss Elder Line.

" Older vampires may also possess the ability to move objects with the mind, as witnessed through Akasha's destruction of the Elder, or Akasha's habit of opening the doors to the tabernacle, and Marius ' opening and unlocking the doors to Akasha's shrine in Blood and Gold

He notes that the Elder Edda couples the Æsir and the álfar, a conjunction that recurs in Old English ês and ylfe, clearly grouping the elves as a divine or supernatural class of beings, sometimes extended by the Vanir as a third class: The Hrafnagaldr states Alföðr orkar, álfar skilja, vanir vita " The Allfather Odin | the áss has power, the álfar have skill, and vanir knowledge ".

The Poetic Edda, also known as Sæmundar Edda or the Elder Edda, is a collection of Old Norse poems from the Icelandic medieval manuscript Codex Regius (" Royal Book ").

Pepin ( also Peppin, Pipin, or Pippin ) of Landen ( c. 580 – 27 February 640 ), also called the Elder or the Old, was the Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia under the Merovingian king Dagobert I from 623 to 629.

He is sometimes called Pepin I and his other nicknames ( Elder and Old ) come from his position at the head of the family called the Pippinids after him.

In Derleth's version of the Cthulhu Mythos, Cthugha is a Great Old One, an elemental spirit of fire opposed to the Elder Gods.

He was known as Young Joseph during his youth because his father, Tuekakas, was baptized with the same Christian name, later becoming known as " Old Joseph " or " Joseph the Elder.

:( T ) hose daring to oppose the Elder Gods who ruled from Betelgueze, the Great Old Ones who fought against the Elder Gods ... were instructed by Azathoth, who is the blind idiot god, and by Yog-Sothoth ....

However, he is best-known today for his numerous large genre scenes based on proverbs in the manner of his contemporary Jan Brueghel the Elder, depicting The King Drinks and As the Old Sing, So Pipe the Young.

The Elder Things ( also known as the Old Ones and Elder Ones ) are fictional extraterrestrials in the Cthulhu Mythos.

He has also provided voice-over work for video games, such as Icewind Dale, The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, Star Wars: The Old Republic, World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria, and Splatterhouse.

Recently, she has voiced the character ' Karliah ' in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim role-playing video game as well as Elara Dorne in Bioware's MMORPG, Star Wars: The Old Republic.

Cyrus II of Persia (, Old Persian: Kuruš ; c. 600 BC or 576 BC – 530 BC ), commonly known as Cyrus the Great, also known as Cyrus the Elder, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire.

Sverker I ( English exonym ; Sweartgar, Old Swedish: Swærkir konongær gambli ) or Sverker the Elder ( murdered 25 December 1156 ) was King of Sweden from about 1130 till his death.

Inge the Elder ( Swedish: Inge Stenkilsson ; Old Norse: Ingi Steinkelsson ) ( died c. 1105 ) was a King of Sweden.

In 1803, the site came to be used by The Elder Brethren of Trinity House which is now known as Corporation of Trinity House, and the seawall here was reconstructed in 1822, built by George Mundy of Old Ford.

The Elder may consult the Old Man at his discretion.

The international collection includes works by Old Masters such as Domenico Veneziano, El Greco, Tintoretto, Jan van Eyck, Jan Brueghel the Elder, Peter Paul Rubens, and Rembrandt, plus a smattering of works by impressionists such as Claude Monet and Alfred Sisley.

He frequently attempts to reproduce with humanoid females, hoping to create offspring which can surpass his own limitations, imposed by the Elder Gods, and so help free the rest of the Great Old Ones.

After appearances as Dr Bird in The Caine Mutiny Court Martial at the London Hippodrome in 1956, and Michael Claverton-Ferry in T. S. Eliot's The Elder Statesman, first at the Edinburgh Festival in 1958, then at the Cambridge Theatre, he joined the Old Vic Company for its 1959-60 season, among several parts taking the title role in Richard II, then stayed on for the 1960-61 season to play Mercutio in Romeo and Juliet, Oberon in A Midsummer Night's Dream and Malvolio in Twelfth Night.

In Lovecraft's novella At the Mountains of Madness ( 1936 ), " Old Ones " was another name for a fictional alien species, the Elder Things, which were described in vivid detail in the story.