The developments that led to the First Balkan War did not go unnoticed by the Great Powers, but although there was an official consensus between the European Powers over the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire, which led to a stern warning to the Balkan states, unofficially each of them took a different diplomatic approach due to their conflicting interests in the area.

Despite occasional entanglements with European Powers such as the War of 1812 and the 1898 Spanish-American War, U. S. foreign policy was marked by steady expansion of its foreign trade and scope during the 19th century, and it maintained its policy of avoiding wars with and between European powers.

European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia ( 1999 )

At the start of the 20th century, two power blocs emerged from alliances between the European Great Powers.

For the first time, Morocco became a state of some import to the European Powers.

Innocent X objected to the conclusion of the Peace of Westphalia, against which his nuncio, Fabio Chigi, in his name vainly protested, and against which in 1650 he issued the bull Zelo Domus Dei backdated to November 1648, which was ignored by the European Powers.

The European Great Powers were nowhere near as welcoming, and they quickly mobilized armies once more.

European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia ( 1999 )

The terms of the preliminary agreement required the UK to restore most of the French colonial possessions it had taken, to evacuate Malta ( which was to be restored to the Order of St. John, whose sovereignty was to be guaranteed by one or more European Great Powers, to be determined at the final peace ), and withdraw from other occupied Mediterranean ports.

* Davis, Richard G. Bombing the European Axis Powers.

Since prior to the 1830s the United States did not have a sculpture tradition of its own, save in the areas of tombstones, weathervanes and ship figureheads, the European neoclassical manner was adopted there, and it was to hold sway for decades and is exemplified in the sculptures of William Henry Rinehart ( 1825 – 1874 ), Hiram Powers, and Randolph Rogers.

The French government however was thwarted by the subsequent Conference of London which confirmed the independence of Luxembourg, along with a guarantee of Luxembourg's independence by all European Great Powers.

This organization sought to combine the numerous small territories acquired into one sovereign state and asked for recognition from the European Powers.

These developments did not go unnoticed by the Great Powers, but although there was an official consensus between the European Powers over the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire, which led to a stern warning to the Balkan states, unofficially each of them took a different diplomatic approach due to their conflicting interests in the area.

Eventually the European Great Powers — Austria-Hungary, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the French Third Republic, the German Empire, the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy — selected William, a member of the German princely house of Wied, to rule over newly independent Albania.

However he realized that the European Powers, meeting as the Congress of Vienna, planned to remove him and return Naples to its Bourbon rulers.

The developments that led to the war did not go unnoticed by the Great Powers, but although there was an official consensus between the European Powers over the territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire, which led to a stern warning to the Balkan states, unofficially each of them took a different diplomatic approach due to their conflicting interests in the area.

The conflicts between the European Powers and the Embargo of 1807 severely disrupted trade between the United States, Great Britain, France and the Orient.

Wolf published a number of important books, including France, 1815 to the Present ( 1940 ), The Emergence of the Great Powers ( 1685 – 1715 ) ( 1951 ), Toward a European Balance of Power ( 1640 – 1720 ) ( 1969 ) and his most important study, Louis XIV ( 1968 ).

Since the European Axis Powers had surrendered three months earlier ( V-E Day ), V-J Day would be the official end of World War II.

Following Napoleon Bonaparte's victories over the Austrian Empire in Northern Italy – helping to secure France victory in the War of the First Coalition in 1797 – Great Britain remained the only major European power still at war with the French Republic.

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

The House of Bonaparte is an imperial and royal European dynasty founded by Napoleon I of France in 1804, a French military leader who rose to notability out of the French Revolution and transformed the French Republic into the First French Empire within five years of his coup d ' état.

The Late Period extended from three thousand years ago until first contact with European settlers and was dominated by the organization of First Nations peoples into the Algonquian-influenced Abenaki Nation which existed largely in present-day interior Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine, and the Mi ' kmaq Nation which inhabited all of Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, eastern New Brunswick and the southern Gaspé.

* 1933: First European passenger cars with diesel engines ( Citroën Rosalie ); Citroën used an engine of the English diesel pioneer Sir Harry Ricardo.

The " European War " became known as " The Great War ", and it was not until 1920, in the book " The First World War 1914 – 1918 " by Charles à Court Repington, that the term " First World War " was used as the official name for the conflict.

* Catherine Cathiard and Frédéric Lemos, managing director of Foncière LFPI, " First cross-border transfers of seat of European Companies in France: the experience of Foncière LFPI ", JCP E n ° 1, January 2009 ( available in French ).

First settled by indigenous peoples, by the time of European contact it was inhabited by the Caribs.

After the relative peace of most of the 19th century, the rivalry between European powers exploded in 1914, when the First World War started.

The First European Agriculture ( 1970 )

Spain, Naples, Great Britain, and the Netherlands joined Austria and Prussia in The First Coalition ( 1792 – 1797 ), the first major concerted effort of multiple European powers to contain Revolutionary France.

Ethnic map of European Russia before the First World War

In Europe, Article 2 of the First Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, adopted in 1950, obligates all signatory parties to guarantee the right to education.

First level NUTS of the European Union in Italy.

First was the foundation of Edo ( in 1603 ) to whole inland economical developments, second was the Meiji Restoration ( in 1868 ) to be the first non European power, third was after the defeat of World War II ( in 1945 ) when the island nation rose to become the world's second largest economy.

* 1788 – The British First Fleet, led by Arthur Phillip, sails into Port Jackson ( Sydney Harbour ) to establish Sydney, the first permanent European settlement on the continent.

His years at Liverpool were among the club's most successful periods, as he won six Football League First Divisions, two FA Cups, four League Cups, seven FA Charity Shields, three European Cups and one UEFA Super Cup.

It was these alliances that, at the start of the First World War in 1914, drew all the major European powers into the conflict.

In 1966, the club won the First Division but lost to Borussia Dortmund in the European Cup Winners ' Cup final.

Liverpool retained the European Cup in 1978 and regained the First Division title in 1979.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.