Both drivers also raced the BT49 at the Long Beach Grand Prix, and the team boycotted the San Marino Grand Prix as part of the ongoing FISA – FOCA war.

This race was not part of the 1981 world championship due, in part, to the FISA – FOCA war.

While it is not clear that these issues were ever properly resolved, the FISA – FOCA war was ultimately put into more or less permanent abeyance by the Concorde Agreement to which both parties agreed at the beginning of 1981.

The fallout from the FISA – FOCA war is significant and worthy of mention.

# REDIRECT FISA – FOCA war

In this role he drew up the first version of the Concorde Agreement, which settled a long-standing dispute between FOCA and the Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile ( FISA ), the then governing body of Formula One.

By 1983, the dispute between FISA and FOCA had been resolved and although FOCA emerged with the stronger hand, the teams had seen the writing on the wall.

For the fourth Grand Prix of the season, at Imola on April 25, amidst a war between the FISA and FOCA, only 14 cars loyal to the organisation started the race.

1978 was the year that Ecclestone became chief executive of FOCA and led it through the FISA-FOCA war that would lead to the downfall of FISA and give FOCA the right to negotiate television contracts for the Grands Prix, effectively giving Ecclestone commercial control of Formula 1 which continues to this day.

Originally the race was the eighth round of the season but moved up the order after the Spanish Grand Prix was removed from the schedule as a consequence of the first major confrontation between FISA and FOCA.

The race was marked by a boycott of many teams as part of a political war, unrelated to the event itself, involving the two dominant forces within the sport, the FISA and the FOCA, which caused the field for this race to be only 14 cars.

The Formula One Constructors Association ( FOCA ) and FISA had been in dispute over the control of the sport since 1979.

FOCA consisted of the major British teams, while the manufacturer teams ( Renault, Ferrari, Alfa Romeo and Talbot-Ligier ), together with Italian team Osella and Toleman were aligned with FISA.

After the season got off to a bad start ( the first 3 races were nearly boycotted ; the first 2 due to safety concerns with both the Buenos Aires and Interlagos circuits and the third because of a dispute between FISA and FOCA ), the Drivers ’ Championship was won by Australian Alan Jones in a Williams and Williams took the Constructors award, the first of many Formula One titles for the English team.

FISA clashed repeatedly with the Formula One Constructors Association ( FOCA ), which represented the teams ' interests.

The offseason had seen FISA ( La Federation Internationale du Sport Automobile ) and FOCA ( the Formula One Constructors ' Association ) in conflict, ostensibly over FISA's scheduled ban of aerodynamic skirts on the cars, but also over financial control of the sport.

The battle for control of Formula One was contested between the Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile ( FISA ), at the time an autonomous subcommittee of the FIA, and FOCA ( the Formula One Constructors ' Association ).

The principals in the matter were Jean-Marie Balestre, then FISA president, Bernie Ecclestone, then the leader of the Formula One Constructor's Association and owner of the Brabham Formula One team, and Max Mosley, later president of the FIA, but then legal advisor to both Ecclestone's Brabham team and FOCA in general.

In the buildup to the race, FISA fined the majority of the FOCA team drivers who had not appeared at the drivers ' briefings at the Belgian and Monaco races and unless the fines were paid, the drivers at fault would have their racing licences revoked by the governing body.

After a lengthy debate between the teams, the drivers, FOCA and FISA, the race went ahead at the insistence of King Juan Carlos without FISA's sanctioning or the support of the factory teams.

A grudging settlement was reached thereafter which allowed the FOCA teams to return to the " FISA " world championship in time for the first race in March.

After lengthy debates and negotiation between the GPDA, FISA and FOCA the dispute was settled in favour of the drivers, and the clause was dropped.

It was established by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 ( FISA ).

FISA, the “ Fédération Internationale des Sociétés d ’ Aviron ” in French ( or the English equivalent International Federation of Rowing Associations ) was founded by representatives from France, Switzerland, Belgium, Adriatica ( now a part of Italy ) and Italy in Turin on 25 June 1892.

According to FISA, this weight category was introduced " to encourage more universality in the sport especially among nations with less statuesque people ".

Also removed was the statutory requirement that the government prove a surveillance target under FISA is a non-U. S. citizen and agent of a foreign power, though it did require that any investigations must not be undertaken on citizens who are carrying out activities protected by the First Amendment.

These makers overcame the rules of FISA ( as the FIA was called at the time ) by building the requisite number of these models for the road.

International regulations had prohibited four-wheel drive ; but FISA accepted that this was a genuine production car, and changed the rules.

Other manufacturers had no production four-wheel drive car on which to base their response, so FISA was persuaded to change the rules, and open the Championship to cars in Group B.

In 1978, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act ( FISA ) created a “ secret federal court for issuing wiretap warrants in national security cases .” This was in response to findings from the Watergate break-in, which allegedly uncovered a history of presidential operations that had used surveillance on domestic and foreign political organizations.

FISA was dissolved, and its activities placed directly under the FIA.

The event was due to be cancelled for the 1980 season, but given a reprieve by FISA after promising to upgrade facilities over the winter.

The first regatta organised by the newly formed FISA was the European Rowing Championships and was held in 1893 in Orta, Italy.

FISA was the first international sports federation to join the Olympic movement.

The event was originally named the Nations Cup and opposed by FISA.

Mosley was elected president of FISA in 1991 and became president of the FIA, FISA's parent body, in 1993.

Formula One was first defined in 1946 by the Commission Sportive Internationale ( CSI ) of the FIA, forerunner of FISA, as the premier single seater racing category in worldwide motorsport to become effective in 1948.

The Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile ( FISA ) was the governing body for motor racing events.

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act ( FISA ) was introduced on May 18, 1977 by Senator Ted Kennedy.

In 1986, the route was modified to bring the average speeds closer to the FISA limit of 110 km / h.

In 2008, after controversy concerning his support of new surveillance powers and immunity under the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, his status was changed to that of a consultant in order to in his words " leave myself free to speak out more freely on the substance of these issues ".< sup ></ sup > He became a full time employee of the Open Society Institute in May 2009.

As agreement could not be reached with FISA for the Grand Prix to be run as a round of the Formula One World Championship or as a non-championship Formula One race, it was officially staged as a Formula Libre event.

The resulting culture clash was considerable ; local scrutineers, who had been applying the Group A regulations as written, repeatedly disagreed with European teams ( notably that of Rudi Eggenberger ) and the global organising body ( FISA, the ancestor of the FIA ) that were considerably more liberal with their interpretations.

This was an important decision involving interpretation of the Patriot Act, the use of foreign intelligence, and the role of the FISA Court.