Andrew Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, Ph. D., FBA, FSA, HonFSAScot ( born 25 July 1937 in Stockton-on-Tees ) is a prominent British archaeologist and highly regarded academic, noted for his work on radiocarbon dating, the prehistory of languages, archaeogenetics, and the prevention of looting at archaeological sites.

In the fall of 2002, Koizumi appointed Keio University economist and frequent television commentator Heizō Takenaka as Minister of State for Financial Services and head of the Financial Services Agency ( FSA ) to fix the country's banking crisis.

In May 2009, a trader at the firm was suspended by the FSA for a series of unauthorized commodities trades entered after becoming intoxicated during a three and half hour lunch.

Health groups have become increasingly vocal in their call for agricultural policies to contribute towards resolving the consumption problems of food ; such as, excessive intake of Saturated Fatty Acids ( FSA ), sugar and salt, or under-consumption of vitamins and minerals.

Appointed by the Corporation, the committee consisted on twelve advisors under the chairmanship of Charles Reed FSA ( son of the Congregational philanthropist Dr Andrew Reed ) who rose to prominence as the first MP for Hackney and Chairman of the first School Board for London before being knighted.

William Stukeley FRS, FRCP, FSA ( 7 November 1687 – 3 March 1765 ) was an English antiquarian who pioneered the archaeological investigation of the prehistoric monuments of Stonehenge and Avebury, work for which he has been remembered as " probably ... the most important of the early forerunners of the discipline of archaeology ".

Walker Evans ( November 3, 1903 – April 10, 1975 ) was an American photographer best known for his work for the Farm Security Administration ( FSA ) documenting the effects of the Great Depression.

The Financial Services Authority ( FSA ) is a quasi-judicial body responsible for the regulation of the financial services industry in the United Kingdom.

This principle is designed to guard against unnecessary intrusion by the FSA into firms ’ business and requires it to hold senior management responsible for risk management and controls within firms.

The FSA has a priority of making retail markets for financial products and services work more effectively, and so help retail consumers to get a fair deal.

The FSA said " It is for the bank, building society or credit card company to show that the transaction was made by you, and there was no breakdown in procedures or technical difficulty " before refusing liability.

HM Treasury decides upon the scope of activities that should be regulated, but it is for the FSA to decide what shape the regulatory regime should take in relation to any particular activities.

The FSA ignored warning signals from Northern Rock building society and continued to allow the bank to operate without a risk mitigation programme for months before the bank's collapse.

The FSA has been criticised by some within the IFA community for increasing fees charged to firms and for the perceived retroactive application of current standards to historic business practices.

This is most obviously seen in the case known as the LAUTRO 19, where the FSA identified 19 insurers which had breached their contractual warranties by using incorrect charges to calculate the premiums for mortgage endowment policies.

On 31 May 2008, The Times confirmed that FSA staff had received £ 20m in bonuses for 2008 / 09, a 40 % increase on the previous year.

He attributed much of the blame on the politicians at the time for pressuring the FSA into " light touch " regulation.

On 18 August 2012, the Treasury Select Committee criticised the FSA for its poor enforcement of the LIBOR rate setting rules.

The FSA has been criticised for its supposedly weak enforcement program.

On 29 July 2008, however, it was announced that the Police, acting on information supplied by the FSA, had arrested workers at UBS and JP Morgan Cazenove for alleged insider dealing and that this was the third case within a week.

A year after the subprime mortgage crisis had made global headlines, the FSA levied a record £ 900, 000 on an IFA for selling subprime mortgages.

A member of the society is eligible to vote in board elections if they have the title of FSA, or if they have held the title of ASA for at least 5 years, and only FSAs can be elected to the board.

The FSA counters that its move away from rules-based regulation towards more principles-based regulation, far from weakening its consumer protection goals, can in fact strengthen them: " Our Principles are rules.

For example, it has been reported that Australia's Commonwealth Bank is measured as having 7. 6 % Tier 1 capital under the rules of the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority, but this would be measured as 10. 1 % if the bank was under the jurisdiction of the FSA.

A example of full contact karate rules unique to a single promotion is the Chaos Madmax special event in Japan, arranged by the FSA Kenshinkan style organization.

The FSA Handbook contains many sourcebooks for different aspects of its regulation, for instance its rules on conduct of business for investment firms, the Conduct of Business Sourcebook (' COBS ')

* The FSA regulates unit trusts in the UK under their CIS ( Collective Investment Scheme ) rules.

In June 2012, Barclays was fined £ 59. 5 million by the FSA (£ 290 million in total ) for " serious, widespread breaches of City rules relating to the Libor and Euribor rates ".

On 1 December 2004 the Financial Services Authority ( FSA ), the UK financial regulator, changed the rules governing financial advisers.

Authorities that regulate investment banking ( the FSA in the United Kingdom and the SEC in the United States ) require that banks impose a Chinese wall to prevent communication between investment banking on one side and equity research and trading on the other.

The UK Food Standards Agency ( FSA ) carried out a risk assessment on the findings of a survey made in 2011 on risks due to migration of components from printing inks used on carton-board packaging, including mineral oils, into food, and did not identify any specific food safety concerns.

This type of analysis has become increasingly widespread, and has been taken up by various governmental bodies ( such as the FSA in the UK ) or inter-governmental bodies such as the European Banking Authority and the International Monetary Fund ) as a regulatory requirement on certain financial institutions to ensure adequate capital allocation levels to cover potential losses incurred during extreme, but plausible, events.

The Financial Services Act 2010, which was passed by Parliament on 8 April 2010, gave the FSA the additional statutory objective of " Contributing to the protection and enhancement of the stability of the UK financial system " and removed the public awareness objective.

* proportionality: The restrictions the FSA imposes on the industry must be proportionate to the benefits that are expected to result from those restrictions.

The FSA is not accountable to Treasury Ministers or to Parliament, as confirmed by Hector Sants at a Treasury Select Committee meeting on 9 March 2011.

This was further confirmed by Mark Garnier MP who, when commenting on the FSA's negative reaction to a Treasury Select Committee ( TSC ) report on the RDR, stated that if the FSA chose to ignore the TSC there was nothing they could do about it.

The FSA is also provided with advice on the interests and concerns of consumers by the Financial Services Consumer Panel.

The FSA rarely takes on wider implication cases.

However, despite determining that there was a problem in the selling of PPI, the FSA has taken effective action against very few firms in the case of PPI and it was the Office of Fair Trading ( OFT ) that finally took on the wider implications role in the case of bank charges.

The FSA and the FOS have staff placed within their co-organisation in order to advise on wider implication issues.

The FSA has steadfastly refused to publicly name the miscreant companies and has spent £ 100, 000s on legal fees to baulk the efforts of the Information Commissioner who had concluded that naming the companies would be in the public interest.

Lord Adair Turner, current FSA chairman defended the actions of the regulator on the BBC's Andrew Marr show on 13 February 2009.

In line with the other regulators, the FSA had failed intellectually by focusing too much on processes and procedures rather than looking at the bigger economic picture.

In response as to why Sir James Crosby had been appointed deputy chairman when his bank HBOS had been highlighted by the FSA as using risky lending practises, Lord Turner said that they had files on almost every financial institution indicating a degree of risk.

On 17 April 2009, a whistleblower ( former FSA employee ) alleged that the FSA had turned a blind eye to the explosion in purchases of whole sale loans taken on by various UK building societies from 2005 onwards.