Gallery of the Five Civilized Tribes.

In 1830, the majority of the " Five Civilized Tribes "— the Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole, and Cherokee — were living east of the Mississippi as they had for thousands of years.

In the 1790s, Benjamin Hawkins was assigned as the US agent to the southeastern tribes, who became known as the Five Civilized Tribes for their adoption of numerous Anglo-European practices.

Among the Five Civilized Tribes, mixed-race slaveholders were generally part of an elite hierarchy, often based on their mothers ' clan status, as the societies had matrilineal systems.

In keeping with his trade and acculturation policy, Jefferson kept Benjamin Hawkins as Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Southeastern peoples, who became known as the Five Civilized Tribes for their adoption of European-American ways.

In the 19th century, white settlers in the United States called the Cherokee one of the " Five Civilized Tribes ", because they had assimilated numerous cultural and technological practices of European American settlers.

In 1905, the Five Civilized Tribes of the Indian Territory proposed the creation of the State of Sequoyah as one to be exclusively Native American, but failed to gain support in Washington, D. C ..

The Five Civilized Tribes that had been relocated to Indian Territory ( now part of Oklahoma ) held black slaves and signed treaties supporting the Confederacy.

The Dawes Commission, set up under an Indian Office appropriation bill in 1893, was created, not to administer the Dawes Act, but to attempt to get the Five Civilized Tribes, which were excluded under the Dawes Act, to agree to an allotment plan.

This commission registered the members of the Five Civilized Tribes.

Angie Debo's landmark work, And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes ( completed 1936, published 1940 ), detailed how the allotment policy of the Dawes Act ( as later extended to apply to the Five Civilized Tribes through such devices as the Dawes Commission and the Curtis Act of 1898 ) was systematically manipulated to deprive the Native Americans of their lands and resources.

And Still the Waters Run: The Betrayal of the Five Civilized Tribes ( Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1940 ; new edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984 ), ISBN 0-691-04615-8.

In the 19th century, the Muscogee were known as one of the " Five Civilized Tribes ", because they had integrated numerous cultural and technological practices of their more recent European American neighbors.

After the Civil War the Southern Treaty Commission re-wrote treaties with tribes that sided with the Confederacy, reducing the territory of the Five Civilized Tribes and providing land to resettle Plains Indians and tribes of the mid-west.

What are today know as the Five Civilized Tribes originated in the Southeast part of the United States, and were probably descendents of the Mississippian culture, an agrarian culture that grew crops of corn and beans, with urban centers and regional chiefdoms, of which the greatest was the settlement known as Cahokia, in present-day Illinois.

Between 1814 and 1840, the Five Civilized Tribes had gradually ceded most of their lands in the Southeast section of the US through a series of treaties.

The Five Civilized Tribes in the South were the most prominent tribes displaced by the policy, a relocation that came to be known as the Trail of Tears during the Choctaw removals starting in 1831.

The Five Civilized Tribes established tribal capitals in the following towns:

The Five Civilized Tribes set up towns such as Tulsa, Ardmore, Muskogee, which became some of the larger towns in the state.

At the beginning of the Civil War, Indian Territory had been essentially reduced to the boundaries of the future State of Oklahoma, and the primary residents of the Territory were members of the Five Civilized Tribes plus a number of Plains tribes that had been relocated to the western part of Indian Territory on land leased from the Five Civilized Tribes.

Five years were spent with the Cologne Opera, after which he was called to Prague by Alexander von Zemlinsky, teacher of Arnold Schonberg and Erich Korngold.

Five milliamperes/cell were applied for 18 hr, after which the strips were stained with bromphenol blue and densitometry was carried out using a Spinco Analytrol.

Five subjects ( 12% ) did not change until they had been told that some people have something happen to their arm, what that something was, and also were given a demonstration.

Five of the tests were conducted with a polyethylene cover to simulate an ice cover.

These were The Bump, starring Aubrey Smith ; Twice Two ; Five Pound Reward ; and Bookworms Some of these films survive in the archives of the British Film Institute.

The fictional Hundred Acre Wood of the Pooh stories derives from Five Hundred Acre Wood in Ashdown Forest in East Sussex, South East England, where the Pooh stories were set.

Five matches were played in 1902 but the first two were drawn after being hit by bad weather.

Five military districts and commanders were delineated to oversee the region.

In 1913, two of Berg's Five Songs on Picture Postcard Texts by Peter Altenberg ( 1912 ) were premièred in Vienna, conducted by Schoenberg.

In ancient Buddhism, lay persons were encouraged, but not obliged, to commit themselves to observe the Five Precepts of morality ().

Five Mi-8 / 17 transport helicopters were later added to the Escadrille d ' Hélicoptères.

Roy Johnson, and Shifty Henry with Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five, were other early Fender bass pioneers.

Five atoms of < sup > 262 </ sup > Bh were detected using the method of correlation of genetic parent-daughter decays.

Five kinds of Phaseolus beans were domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples: common beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) grown from Chile to the northern part of what is now the United States, and lima and sieva beans ( Phaseolus lunatus ), as well as the less widely distributed teparies ( Phaseolus acutifolius ), scarlet runner beans ( Phaseolus coccineus ) and polyanthus beans ( Phaseolus polyanthus ) One especially famous use of beans by pre-Columbian people as far north as the Atlantic seaboard is the " Three Sisters " method of companion plant cultivation:

Although The Vanguard folded in 1926, the others were a great triumph and became known as " The Big Five "; they ended Amalgamated Press's near-monopoly of the British comic industry.

Five of these societies became joint stock banks ( Plc ), one merged with another and the other four were taken over by Plc ’ s ( in two cases after the mutual had previously converted to a Plc ).

Five were awarded to officers that never left Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri.

Five of the Banda islands were within gunshot of each other and he realised that a fort on the main island Neira would give him full control of the group.

Five of those wounded were shot in the back.

It was also one of the first books in which the cosmological doctrines of Yinyang and the Five Phases were brought to a mature synthesis.

Five of the album's tracks were Neil's solo compositions and two were by Hester, the exuberant " Italian Plastic ", which became a crowd favourite at concerts and the hidden track " I'm Still Here ".

Following the examples of Vitruvius and the five books of the Regole generali d ' architettura by Sebastiano Serlio, published from 1537 onwards, Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola produced an architecture rule book that was more practical than the previous two books, which were more philosophical in nature, his Cinque ordini di erchitettura ( The Five Orders of Architecture ) from 1562 ; the book is considered " one of the most successful architectural textbooks ever written ", despite having no text apart from the notes and the introduction.