Tracing the blues from its African roots among the slaves who were brought to this country and the West Indies, he stressed the close relationship between the early jazz forms and the music of the Negro churches.

* The 2008 documentary film called Frederick Douglass and the White Negro tells the story of Frederick Douglass in Ireland and the relationship between African Americans and Irish Americans during the American Civil War.

The Rock Kestrel may be a distinct species F. rupicolus, more distantly related to the Common Kestrel proper than the Nankeen Kestrel ; its relationship to the other African and South Asian kestrel taxa remains insufficiently studied.

It has been suggested that the similarities of the Tuu and Kx ' a families are due to a southern African Sprachbund rather than a genealogical relationship, whereas the Khoe ( or perhaps Kwadi – Khoe ) family is a more recent migrant to the area, and may be related to Sandawe in East Africa.

South Africa's first formal relationship with an independent African country was established with Malawi, beginning in 1967.

Niger maintains a special relationship with France and enjoys close relations with its West African neighbours.

While the relationship of the African species is comparatively straightforward, a large number of Asian species of Ostrich have been described from fragmentary remains, and their interrelationships and how they relate to the African Ostriches is confusing.

In recent years, the relationship between African and world history has shifted rapidly from one of antipathy to one of engagement and synthesis.

Reynolds ( 2007 ) surveys the relationship between African and world histories, with an emphasis on the tension between the area studies paradigm and the growing world-history emphasis on connections and exchange across regional boundaries.

Reynolds sees the relationship between African and world history as a measure of the changing nature of historical inquiry over the past century.

Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders.

This idea of an unequal relationship was however contested by John Thornton ( 1998 ), who argued that " the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed " and that " African manufacturing this period was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe.

The resulting Brazzaville Declaration was intended to redefine the relationship between France and its African colonies after the war.

Mobutu also had a cordial relationship with Reagan's successor, George H. W. Bush ; he was the first African head of state to visit Bush at the White House.

In some countries, such as Pakistan, Israel, Thailand and several African nations, there is a strong relationship between the military and the principal national airlines, and many airline pilots come from the military ; however, that is no longer the case in the United States and Western Europe.

In 1910, a white woman by the name of Mrs. Crow gave birth to a child of " doubtful color ", who was thought by many to be the product of a relationship between Crow and an African American, and she was accused of having such a relationship.

The term ' Savoy-style Lindy Hop ' applies a generic relationship between all African American Lindy Hoppers ( and aficionados of their styles ) which ignores the variety and diversity of Lindy Hop in the 1930s and 40s.

These associations between African American Lindy Hoppers and a particular dance style are important as Lindy Hop developed in a close relationship with jazz, in particular swing.

Paulie attempts to start a similar relationship with an African American woman called Orin Goode ( Tyra Ferrell ), but encounters problems of his own.

A key to identifying the geographical area in which boogie-woogie originated is understanding the relationship of boogie-woogie music with the steam railroad, both in the sense of how the music might have been influenced by sounds associated with the arrival of steam locomotives as well as the cultural impact the sudden emergence of the railroad might have had on newly emancipated African Americans.

On the other hand, it seemed uncertain about its relationship with the government under the African National Congress and seemed unable to decide whether it was in a political alliance with the ANC or in opposition.

These days a taarab revolution is taking place and much heated debate continues about the music which has been changed drastically by the East African Melody phenomenon.

Earlier in the movie this was shown to be the most crucial and cheapest way to drastically improve the quality of life for many African communities.

Springfield / Belmont is close to 100 % African American, and one of Newark's neighborhoods most drastically affected by white flight.

With the United States entry into the war in December 1941, the importance of Zandery Field increased drastically, becoming a major transport base on the South Atlantic route of Air Transport Command ferrying supplies and personnel to Freetown Airport, Sierra Leone and onwards to the European and African theaters of the war.

A definition of AIDS agreed upon in 1985 by the World Health Organization in Bangui did not require a positive HIV test, but since 1985, many African countries have added positive HIV tests to the Bangui criteria for AIDS or changed their definitions to match those of the U. S. Centers for Disease Control.

When the Europeans began their African slave trade in the early 15th century, the diet of newly-enslaved Africans changed on the long journeys away from their homelands.

* Colored High becomes the first African American high school in Houston, TX ; its name is later changed to Booker T. Washington High School.

In the 1960s, black civil rights campaigner Malcolm X ( né Malcolm Little ) took the " X " to represent his unknown African ancestral name that was lost when his ancestors were brought to North America as slaves, and then changed his name again to Malik El-Shabazz when he converted to Islam.

However, by 1939, the perception of discrimination against African Americans had changed to the point that the NAACP magazine Opportunity hailed the WPA, saying:

Economist Thomas Sowell argues that the Great Society programs only contributed to the destruction of African American families, saying " the black family, which had survived centuries of slavery and discrimination, began rapidly disintegrating in the liberal welfare state that subsidized unwed pregnancy and changed welfare from an emergency rescue to a way of life.

Most of the city's streets, originally named for Portuguese heroes or important dates in Portuguese history, had their names changed to African languages, revoultionary figures, or pre-colonial historical names.

The spelling changed to Harlem in keeping with contemporary English usage, and the district grew ( as part of the borough of Manhattan ) into the vibrant center of African American culture in New York City and the United States generally by the 20th century.

To avoid connections to South African issues that were then a cause of worldwide attention and concern ( see apartheid ) his origin was changed from South African to Scottish to match that of Scrooge, which led Glomgold to have Scotland-style names in other countries ( see below ).

Upon acquisition, the government changed the airline's name to South African Airways.

In the 20th century, African American migration from the Southern United States into the Midwestern states changed Chicago, St. Louis, Cleveland, Milwaukee, Kansas City, Cincinnati, Detroit, Minneapolis, and many other cities in the Midwest dramatically, as factories and schools enticed families by the thousands to new opportunities.

In 1912 the name changed to Brooksville in honor of the first African American in the area, A. R. Brooks, a cotton buyer and farmer.

In response to the actions of concerned African American citizens of Williamsport, the pejorative name was formally changed by the Williamsport City Council in 1936.

The discovery of diamonds in 1867 near the Vaal River, some 550 miles ( 890 km ) northeast of Cape Town, ended the isolation of the Boers in the interior and changed South African history.

This regard was also prevalent in that his image appeared ubiquitously on stamps and the South African currency from the 1940s up until 1993 when the South African Reserve Bank changed the currency to an apolitical design of the fauna and flora of the region.

After their initial success with Oklahoma !, the pair took a break from working together and Hammerstein concentrated on the musical Carmen Jones, a Broadway version of Bizet's Carmen with the characters changed to African Americans in the contemporary South, for which he wrote the book and lyrics.

In 1979 the South African Music scene changed from the Tranetrekkers to more lively sounds and the introduction of new names in the market with the likes of Anton Goosen, David Kramer, Koos du Plessis and Laurika Rauch.

It was at this stage in his life that Carmichael changed his name to Kwame Ture to honor the African leaders Nkrumah and Touré who had become his patrons.

* While retired South African Archbishop Desmond Tutu and his successor, Archbishop Njongonkulu Winston Ndungane, fail to see what " all the fuss " is over the ordination of a gay bishop, other African Anglicans suggest that their churches may sever relations with the American dioceses that supported the election of a gay priest as bishop if what they called the " path of deviation " is not changed.

Although African Americans were forbidden by law to perform on stage with whites in many states, some companies secretly included blacks, and as laws changed several all-black minstrel companies toured America and Great Britain.