Further good news for the Allies arrived from northern Italy where, on 7 September, Prince Eugene had routed a French army before the Piedmontese capital, Turin, driving the Franco-Spanish forces from northern Italy.

* 1746 – War of Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.

As a result, the Franco-Spanish army was unable to do more than blockade the city.

Nothing came of this, but in 1635, when France declared war on Spain ( Franco-Spanish war of 1635-59 ), Thomas served under Ferdinand in the Spanish Netherlands: he was given command of a small army ( variously given as 8, 500 or 13, 000 ) sent against French forces that had advanced into Luxemburg, his orders either to observe them or to prevent them from joining up with a Dutch army.

In 1793 the Spanish army defeated the ill-trained French armies where the Franco-Spanish border touches the Mediterranean Sea.

He also distinguished himself in the Franco-Spanish war by holding out for 48 days with 2, 000 men against a French army of 35, 000.

On 25 April 1707, Berwick won the great and decisive victory of Almanza, where an Englishman at the head of a Franco-Spanish army defeated Ruvigny, a Frenchman at the head of an Anglo-Portuguese-Dutch army.

* The Battle of the Dunes ( 1658 ) was a battle of the Franco-Spanish War and Anglo-Spanish War fought near Dunkirk in the Spanish Netherlands between the Spanish army and the allied armies of France and the Commonwealth of England

In 1702, after the first unsuccessful campaign of Catinat and Villeroi, he was placed in command of the Franco-Spanish army in Italy.

In 1723 he was made a general field marshal in the army and in the Spring of that year he and the Irish-born Major General Baron Francis Patrick O ' Neillan assembled 50, 000 men at Mantua in an effort to reclaim all that had been lost the previous year when the Austrians had been driven from Italy by the Franco-Spanish forces.

They formed part of the contingent raised by the exiled King Charles II as his contribution to the army of King Philip IV of Spain who were fighting the French and their allies the English Commonwealth under the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell in the Franco-Spanish War and the concurrent Anglo-Spanish War.

* Franco-Spanish War ( 1823 ), a French army suppresses the Spanish liberal government

In 1744, a Franco-Spanish army under the Prince of Conti overran the Piedmontese regiments of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia at the Fort of Mont Alban in the heights above the town.

The cessation of Franco-Spanish hostilities in the summer of 1795 gave Napoleon Bonaparte, a Corsican general in the French army, the opportunity to focus on France's Italian Campaign.

The Battle of Piacenza was a pitched battle between a Franco-Spanish army and Austrian army near Piacenza on June 16, 1746.

Reluctantly agreeing, the marshal ordered his troops to Piacenza and by June 15 the Franco-Spanish army was joined together.

At the same time the Franco-Spanish army began its assault upon the Austrian lines.

The Franco-Spanish war had been continuing in north Italy, and late in 1654, increasing Piedmontese hostility to the current French commander Grancey led to a search for a new allied commander-in-chief ; the French would have preferred to send the Duke of York ( later King James II ), but he too was unacceptable to Turin, so Thomas Francis was appointed as joint commander-though his wife was held in France almost as a hostage for his good behaviour.

The Franco-Spanish war had been continuing in north Italy, and late in 1654, increasing Piedmontese hostility to the current French commander Grancey led to a search for a new allied commander-in-chief ; the French would have preferred to send the Duke of York ( later King James II ), but he too was unacceptable to Turin, so Thomas was appointed as joint commander-though his wife was held in France almost as a hostage for his good behaviour.

Nelson led his line into a feint toward the van of the Franco-Spanish fleet and then turned toward the actual point of attack.

The refusal of the Portuguese government to join the Continental Blockade against Britain culminated in the 1807 Franco-Spanish invasion led by General Junot.

Trafalgar 200 was a series of events in 2005 held mostly in the United Kingdom to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar, where a British fleet led by Admiral Nelson ( who died in the battle ) defeated a joint Franco-Spanish fleet during the Napoleonic Wars.

France was hit by civil unrest known as the Fronde which in turn evolved into the Franco-Spanish War in 1653.

Franco-Spanish bilateral cooperation is enhanced by joint action against Basque ETA terrorism.

* February 22 – February 23 – Battle of Toulon: The British fleet is defeated by a Franco-Spanish fleet.

In a major engagement that ended Franco-Spanish plans for the capture of Jamaica in 1782, he was defeated and taken prisoner by Rodney in the Battle of the Saintes.

* June 14 – Anglo-Spanish War ( 1654 – 1660 ) and Franco-Spanish War ( 1635 – 1659 ): Battle of the Dunes: A Spanish force attempting to lift a siege of Dunkirk is defeated by the French and English.

A complex plan to distract the British by threatening their possessions in the West Indies failed when a Franco-Spanish fleet under Admiral Villeneuve turned back after an indecisive action off Cape Finisterre on 22 July 1805.

The Franco-Spanish fleet commanded by Don Juan José Navarro drove off the British fleet under Thomas Mathews near Battle of Toulon ( 1744 ) | Toulon in 1744.

This formality had been preceded by French preparations for the invasion of England, and by the Battle of Toulon between the British and a Franco-Spanish fleet.

Although the spectacular victory was soured by the defeat of the Franco-Spanish fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar the following day, French success on land continued as Vienna fell in November, replete with 100, 000 muskets, 500 cannon, and the intact bridges across the Danube.

The Franco-Spanish fleet had been blown southwards by a strong gale, and then received orders in early August to return home.

However he was later criticised for moving his ships to protect Jamaica from attack by a large Franco-Spanish force that had gathered in the area, rather than waiting to support the expedition as he had been ordered.

Efforts to make it into a powerful force under Napoleon I were dashed by the death of Latouche Tréville in 1804, and the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, where the British all but annihilated a combined Franco-Spanish fleet.

During the Franco-Spanish War, the town was briefly occupied by the Spanish, in September 1636.

In 1782, a long Franco-Spanish attempt to seize Gibraltar by water borne forces was abandoned.

The tower, defended by approximately 300 Franco-Spanish troops, held out a little longer, but this also fell to the Allied grenadiers.

Many years of routine service with his regiment were broken only by his participation as a volunteer in the Duke de Crillon's Franco-Spanish expedition to Minorca in 1781.

It is formed by the towns of Irun and Hondarribia on the Spanish side of the Franco-Spanish frontier and the neighbouring town of Hendaia on the French side.

While in the Antilles, the Franco-Spanish fleet ran into a British convoy worth 5 million Francs escorted by the frigate Barbadoes, 28 guns and sloop Netley.

From the beginning of 1721, Philip V of Spain, and the Duke of Orléans had been negotiating the project of three Franco-Spanish marriages in order to cement tense relations between Spain and France.

Beginning in 1721, King Philip had been negotiating with the Duke of Orléans, the French regent, to arrange three Franco-Spanish marriages that would cement tense relations.

In 1630 he became the Italian ambassador to the court of Duke Victor Amadeus I of Savoy, and engaged in diplomatic and administrative work in Italy until 1635, when the Franco-Spanish War broke out.