In French, the period only follows an abbreviation if the last letter in the abbreviation is not the last letter of its antecedent: " M ." is the abbreviation for " monsieur " while " Mme " is that for " madame ".

Francois Boucher was the 18th century painter and engraver whose works are regarded as the perfect expression of French taste in the Rococo period.

French examples from the same period include the memoirs of Cardinal de Retz ( 1614 – 1679 ) and the Duc de Saint-Simon 2001 / 2010.

Alexandrines are common in the German literature of the Baroque period and in French poetry of the early modern and modern periods.

During the same period a movement with similar aims had also developed in France under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc a French architect and theorist, famous for his " restorations " of medieval buildings.

Conversely the use of true brass seems to have declined in Western Europe during this period in favour of gunmetals and other mixed alloys but by the end of the first Millennium AD brass artefacts are found in Scandinavian graves in Scotland, brass was being used in the manufacture of coins in Northumbria and there is archaeological and historical evidence for the production of brass in Germany and The Low Countries areas rich in calamine ore which would remain important centres of brass making throughout the medieval period, especially Dinant – brass objects are still collectively known as dinanterie in French.

The revolutionary period saw the introduction of policies favouring French over the regional languages, pejoratively referred to as patois.

However other sources of the period, such as the writings of the French dancing-masters Feuillet and Lorin, indicate that steps more complicated than simple walking were used at least some of the time.

Note however, that the allemandes, that occur in these suites do not correspond to a French dance from the same period.

Other dance styles, such as the Italian and Spanish dances of the period are much less well studied than either English country dance or the French style.

The Trekboers, as they were originally known, were mainly of Dutch origin and included Calvinists, such as Flemish and Frisian Calvinists, as well as French Huguenot and German and British protestants who first arrived in the Cape of Good Hope during the period of its administration ( 1652 – 1795 ) by the Dutch East India Company ( Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie or VOC ).

A bain-marie (; also known as a water bath in English,,, or ) is a French term for a piece of equipment used in science, industry, and cooking to heat materials gently and gradually to fixed temperatures, or to keep materials warm over a period of time.

Throughout the colonial period, large areas of Chad were never governed effectively: in the huge BET Prefecture, the handful of French military administrators usually left the people alone, and in central Chad, French rule was only slightly more substantive.

At the end of the 17th century, English country dances were taken up by French dancers ; hybrid choreographies exist from this period using the steps from French court dance in English dances.

The three years of estrangement following the unilateral declaration of independence and the nationalistic Soilih regime were followed during the conservative Abdallah and Djohar regimes by a period of growing trade, aid, cultural, and defense links between the former colony and France, punctuated by frequent visits to Paris by the head of state and occasional visits by the French president to Moroni.

After Napoleon Bonaparte in November 1799 staged a coup against the Directory government, the French Republic adopted a constitution, which conferred executive powers upon three Consuls, elected for a period of ten years.

This group is often associated with the French New Wave directors who came to prominence during the same time period, and indeed both groups were often friends and journalistic co-workers.

The unease and self-deception that characterized that period of colonial history would be revisited in many forms at political and social moments of crisis ( such as the Salem witch trials, which coincided with frontier warfare and economic competition among Indians and French and other European settlers ) and during lengthy periods of cultural definition ( such as the American Renaissance of the late 18th-and early 19th-century literary, visual, and architectural movements, which sought to capitalize on unique American identities ).

During this time period Acadians participated in various militia operations against the British and maintained vital supply lines to the French Fortress of Louisbourg and Fort Beausejour.

Most Arthurian romances of this period produced in English or Welsh did not follow this trend ; Camelot was referred to infrequently, and usually in translations from French.

Charles Xavier Joseph de Franque Ville d ' Abancour ( 4 July 1758 – 9 September 1792 ) was a French statesman, minister to Louis XVI.

City of Saint John ( French: Ville de Saint John ), or commonly Saint John, is the largest city in the province of New Brunswick, and the second largest in the maritime provinces after Halifax.

The Museum of the French Navy ( Musée national de la marine ) is located on Place Monsenergue, next on the west side of the old port, a short distance from the Hotel de Ville.

The French called the capital La Nouvelle Ville.

Jacques owned a trendy nightclub and restaurant in Montreal called Newtown, which is the English translation of his French last name (' Ville ' means ' Town ', and ' Neuve ' means ' new ').

The town is divided into two sections: the French Quarter ( Ville Blanche or ' White town ') and the Indian quarter ( Ville Noire or ' Black Town ').

* " Ville des fleurs " ( City of Flowers ), a nickname from the Second French Empire ( 1852 – 1870 );

French resistance fighters in Paris at the Hotel de Ville, 1944.

Popular legend states the founder of Ville Platte was Marcellin Garand, an adjutant major in the Army of the French Empire, during the time of Napoleon.

That ’ s why the town was named " Centre Ville ", with French spelling because of the post-Revolutionary War admiration for the French.

Napoleon ordered that several ships of the French Navy be named Marengo, including Sceptre ( 1780 ), Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( 1795 ), Ville de Paris ( 1851 ) and Marengo ( 1810 ).

On January 1, 1977, the municipality of Herve was merged with Battice, Bolland, Chaineux, Charneux, Grand-Rechain, Julémont and Xhendelesse under the name of " City of Herve " (" Ville de Herve " in French ).

The town was built on the French grid pattern and features neat sectors and perpendicular streets and divided into two sectors, French Quarter ( Ville Blanche ) and the Indian quarter ( Ville Noire ).

The flagship French ship Ville de Paris ( 1764 ) | Ville de Paris during the Battle of the Saintes in 1782

He was Ministre de la Ville ( Minister of City Affairs ) in the government of Pierre Bérégovoy, a businessman specializing in recovery for bankrupted companies, among which Adidas is the most famous ( he owned Adidas from 1990 to 1993 ); and owner of sports teams ( his cycling team won the Tour de France twice and his football club the French championship 5 times in a row, and the Champions League in 1993 ).

She was honoured with " La Medaille Vermeille de la Ville de Paris " and she was appointed an Officier de l ' Ordre des Arts et des Lettres and Chevalier de l ' Ordre des Arts et Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture and by her native country Romania.

* Ville de Saint-Eustache Website ( French Only )

BRP was also licensed to Oriflam in France to create a French language second edition of the Hawkmoon game called Hawkmoon, Nouvelle Edition.

Histoire Nouvelle and ΖΩΣΙΜΟΥ ΚΟΜΙΤΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΠΟΦΙΣΚΟΣΥΝΗΓΟΡΟΥ ( in French and Greek ).

The magazine also was essential to the creation of the Nouvelle Vague, or New Wave, of French cinema, which centered on films directed by Cahiers authors such as Godard and Truffaut.

For their influences the new generation of film-makers looked to Italian neorealism, the French Nouvelle Vague and the British New Wave but combined this eclectically with references to the well-established genres of Hollywood cinema.

The modern standard edition is F. Paschoud Zosime: Histoire Nouvelle ( Paris 1971 ) which has a French translation, introduction and commentary.

In Europe, Art Cinema gains wider distribution and sees movements like la Nouvelle Vague ( The French New Wave ) featuring French filmmakers such as Roger Vadim, François Truffaut, Alain Resnais, and Jean-Luc Godard ; Cinéma Vérité documentary movement in Canada, France and the United States ; Swedish filmmaker Ingmar Bergman, Chilean filmmaker Alexandro Jodorowsky and Polish filmmakers Roman Polanski and Wojciech Jerzy Has produced original and offbeat masterpieces and the high-point of Italian filmmaking with Michelangelo Antonioni and Federico Fellini making some of their most known films during this period.

* French New Wave, or Nouvelle Vague, the inaugural New Wave cinema movement

* Japanese New Wave, or Nuberu Bagu, which also developed around the same time as the French Nouvelle Vague

The Spanish settlers called the town " Nueva Iberia " in honor of the Iberian Peninsula, and the French referred to the town as " Nouvelle Ibérie " while the American settlers called it " New Town " after the Louisiana Purchase.

( The city name is given as Nueva York-Spanish for New York instead of either the original English name or the French literal rendering " Nouvelle York ").

Considered as one of the founders of French geopolitics, Reclus, is the author of a book considered as a reference in modern geography ( Nouvelle Géographie universelle ).

In 1559 du Bellay published at Poitiers La Nouvelle Manière de faire son profit des lettres, a satirical epistle translated from the Latin of Adrien Turnèbe, and with it Le Poète courtisan, which introduced the formal satire into French poetry.

* Cuisine Non-Stop: Introduction to the French Nouvelle Generation

* 2009 The song " Say Hello, Wave Goodbye " was covered by the French band Nouvelle Vague on their 2009 covers album 3.

* In New Caledonia ( Nouvelle Calédonie in French, colonised in 1853 ; its Governors had been High Commissioners in the Pacific Ocean from 22 March 1907, see above ) the title ( commonly corrupted to Haussaire ) was chosen for the chief executive on 19 December 1981, when it was an overseas territory ( since 1946 ), even before autonomy was granted on 18 November 1984, and maintained after its status was changed on 20 July 1998 to the unique French collectivité sui generis ; he represents the Paris government, while there are a native legislature and government.

In the 1861 edition of the French encyclopedia, the Nouvelle Biographie Universelle, it even lists de Molay as a Mongol commander in its " Molay " article:

For their influences the new generation of film-makers looked to Italian Neorealism, the French Nouvelle Vague and the British New Wave but combined this eclectically with references to the well-established genres of Hollywood cinema.

French Northern America was known as ' Nouvelle France ' or New France

It subsequently became the Nouvelle Action Royaliste ( NAR ), which supported the Orleanist heir ( although in his 1968 reprinting of his study on the three French right-wing families, René Rémond still classified it in the legitimist movement because of its counter-revolutionary ideology ).

Bande à part ( French pronunciation: a paʁ ) is a 1964 Nouvelle vague film directed by Jean-Luc Godard.