Primarily it is the protocol which allows end users of a GSM or WCDMA network to move from place to place while continuing to connect to the Internet as if from one location at the Gateway GPRS support node ( GGSN ).

It does this by carrying the subscriber's data from the subscriber's current serving GPRS support node ( SGSN ) to the GGSN which is handling the subscriber's session.

The gateway GPRS support node ( GGSN ) is a main component of the GPRS network.

The GGSN is responsible for the interworking between the GPRS network and external packet switched networks, like the Internet and X. 25 networks.

From an external network's point of view, the GGSN is a router to a sub-network, because the GGSN ‘ hides ’ the GPRS infrastructure from the external network.

The GGSN is the anchor point that enables the mobility of the user terminal in the GPRS / UMTS networks.

The packet data protocol ( PDP ; e. g., IP, X. 25, FrameRelay ) context is a data structure present on both the serving GPRS support node ( SGSN ) and the gateway GPRS support node ( GGSN ) which contains the subscriber's session information when the subscriber has an active session.

# REDIRECT GPRS core network # Gateway GPRS Support Node ( GGSN )

In cellular communication, switching points and databases such as the Base station controller, Home Location Register, Gateway GPRS Support Node ( GGSN ) and Serving GPRS Support Node ( SGSN ) are examples of nodes.

* Network Identifier: Defines the external network to which the Gateway GPRS Support Node ( GGSN ) is connected.

It is similar in function to the GGSN ( GPRS Gateway Support Node ) that is found in GSM and UMTS networks.

# Packet routing functionality ( provided by GGSN in the GPRS / UMTS networks )

GTP-C is used within the GPRS core network for signaling between gateway GPRS support nodes ( GGSN ) and serving GPRS support nodes ( SGSN ).

On the other hand, mobile-originated packets are routed to the right network by the GGSN.

* Detunnel GTP packets from the GGSN ( downlink )

* Tunnel IP packets toward the GGSN ( uplink )

If it is, the GGSN forwards the data to the SGSN serving the mobile user, but if the mobile user is inactive, the data is discarded.

For this purpose, the GGSN stores the current SGSN address of the user and his or her profile in its location register.

With LTE scenario the GGSN functionality moves to SAE gateway ( with SGSN functionality working in MME ).

This allocates a PDP context data structure in the SGSN that the subscriber is currently visiting and the GGSN serving the subscriber's access point.

Between the SGSN and the external GGSN, there is the border gateway ( which is essentially a firewall ).

Although PDSN is thought of being similar to GGSN in a conceptual sense, logically it's a combination of SGSN and GGSN in the CDMA world.

* Operator Identifier: Defines the specific operator ’ s packet domain network in which the GGSN is located.

When the GGSN receives data addressed to a specific user, it checks if the user is active.

; Gi: IP based interface between the GGSN and a public data network ( PDN ) either directly to the Internet or through a WAP gateway.

The GGSN also performs authentication and charging functions.

address of the GGSN which should serve the access point.

; Gmb: The interface between the GGSN and the Broadcast-Multicast Service Center ( BM-SC ), used for controlling MBMS bearers.

The GGSN is responsible for IP address assignment and is the default router for the connected user equipment ( UE ).

This model is the most independent full MVNO model, the MVNO own its SIM card, and core network elements ( MSC, HLR, GGSN ).

An example of a gateway application is a media gateway, which converts conventional voice circuits using TDM to IP packets for transmission over an IP-switched network.

TCP acceleration converts the TCP packets into a stream that is similar to UDP.

The postmillennial position is that the millennium began at the inauguration of Christ's kingdom reign when he ascended to his heavenly throne and happens, not as a result of the coming of Christ, but as the global population converts to Christianity as a result of evangelization.

He developed a coupling device that converted sound from the ear piece of the telephone handset to electrical signals, and converts the electrical pulses coming from the teletypewriter to sound that goes into the mouth piece of the telephone handset.

The device converts bipolar digital signals coming ultimately from a digital circuit and directly from a Channel service unit ( CSU ), into a format ( e. g. RS-530 ) compatible with the piece of data terminal equipment ( DTE ) ( e. g. a router ) to which the data is sent.

Since ancient times, converts to the Church who were coming from certain heretical groups were not required to be baptized, even though the normal path of entrance to the Church was through baptism.

According to Epiphanius in his Panarion the 4th Century Nazarenes were originally Jewish converts of the Apostles who fled Jerusalem because of Jesus ' prophesy on its coming siege ( during the Great Jewish Revolt in 70 AD ).

Scholar Olivier Roy describes the background of the hundreds of global ( as opposed to local ) terrorists who were incarcerated or killed and for whom authorities have records, as being surprising for their Westernized background ; for the lack of Palestinians, Iraqis, Afghans " coming to avenge what is going on in their country "; their lack of religiosity before being " born again " in a foreign country ; the high percentage of converts to Islam among them ; their " de-territorialized backgrounds " – " For instance, they may be born in a country, then educated in another country, then go to fight in a third country and take refuge in a fourth country "; their nontraditional belief that jihad is permanent, global, and " not linked with a specific territory.

Being warned by God of the army's coming, Alma quickly led his band of approximately 450 converts into the wilderness for eight days, stopping in an uninhabited area which they named the land of Helam.

A fibre optic node has a broadband optical receiver which converts the downstream optically modulated signal coming from the headend / hub to an electrical signal going to the homes.

Before synchronizing anything, OpenSync converts data coming from members into internal XML-based formats, which are: