An abbot ( from Old English abbod, abbad, from Latin abbas (“ father ”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς ( abbas ), from Aramaic ܐܒܐ / אבא (’ abbā, “ father ”); confer German Abt ; French abbé ) is the head and chief governor of a community of monks, called also in the East hegumen or archimandrite.

He died 12 September 1500, and was succeeded in his German territories by George as the head of the Albertine line, while George's brother Heinrich became hereditary governor of Friesland.

Wilhelm Solf, German governor of Samoa 1900-1910

In 1891, the German government took over direct administration of the territory from the German East Africa Company and appointed a governor with headquarters at Dar es Salaam.

* November 4 – Dietrich von Choltitz, Nazi German military governor of Paris in World War II ( b. 1894 )

The territories were not annexed by any state of the Empire or organised into a separate state, but were governed as the Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen under a governor directly appointed by the German Emperor, without any parliamentary representation.

The German civil governor, Baron von der Lancken, is known to have stated that Cavell should be pardoned because of her complete honesty and because she had helped save so many lives, German as well as Allied.

Cavell was provided with a defender approved by the German military governor.

In 1894 major Theodor Leutwein was appointed governor of German South-West Africa.

Numerous reports from Ottoman officials, such as a parliament deputy, the governor of Allepo as well as the German consul in Van, suggested that deliberate provocations against the Armenians were being orchestrated by the local government.

On September 26 Maj. Gen. Kurt Eberhard, the military governor, and SS-Obergruppenführer Friedrich Jeckeln, the SS and Police Leader at Rear Headquarters Army Group South, made the decision to exterminate the Jews of Kiev, claiming that it was in retaliation for guerrilla attacks against German troops.

In the spring of 1776, 10, 000 British and German troops arrived in Quebec, and General Guy Carleton, the provincial governor, drove the Continental Army out of Quebec and back to Fort Ticonderoga.

John Lederer, a German physician and explorer employed by Sir William Berkeley, colonial governor of Virginia, is believed to be the first European to set foot in present-day Mineral County.

In 1670, John Lederer, a German physician and explorer employed by Sir William Berkeley, colonial governor of Virginia, became the first European to set foot in present-day Berkeley County ; their safety was not guaranteed.

The Vailima estate was purchased in 1900 as official residence for the German governor and, after British / Dominion confiscation, served successively as residence for the New Zealand administrator and for the Samoan head of state after independence.

This etymology is perfectly parallel, though unrelated, to that of equivalent Germanic titles and terms like the Old English heretoga and the German Herzog, which in feudal times was equated with the Latin dux ( originally a term for either a barbaric war leader or a Roman commanding officer and / or military governor, which later evolved into such feudal and modern titles of peerage rank as duke ).

On 25 August 1944, the German military governor of Paris, General von Choltitz, surrendered his garrison to the French General Philippe Leclerc at the old station, after disobeying Adolf Hitler's direct order to destroy the city ( see Liberation of Paris ).

With the aid of the Graf von Götzen ( named after Count Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen, the former governor of German East Africa ), the Germans had complete control of the lake in the early stages of the war.

Nevertheless, the German forces were close to achieving a breakthrough against Maunoury's beleaguered Sixth Army between 6 and 8 September — the Sixth Army was aided on 7 September by 10, 000 French reserve infantry troops ferried from Paris, 6, 000 of whom were transported in 600 Parisian taxi cabs sent by General Joseph Gallieni, military governor of Paris.

During World War I, its governor, Count Hans von Blumenthal, was one of a small number of German military officials who struck up a rapport with the local population, chiefly through his interest in hunting.

Austria became the German province of Ostmark, with Seyss-Inquart as governor.

In mid July 1918 LSR tried to incite an uprising in areas ceded to Germany by Brest-Litovsk Treaty, so their supporters were involved in the assassination of German ambassador Graf von Mirbach in Moscow, Russian SFSR, on July 6, and Field Marshal von Eichhorn, commander of Army Group Kiev and military governor of Ukraine, on July 30.

Remembering the step-by-step fate of Danzig and the West German misgivings about `` salami '' tactics, it is to be hoped that the dispatch of General Clay to West Berlin as President Kennedy's representative will mark a stiffening of response not only to future indignities and aggressions but also to some that have passed.

* 1914 – World War I: Battle of Stallupönen – The German army of General Hermann von François defeats the Russian force commanded by Paul von Rennenkampf near modern-day Nesterov, Russia.

Outpacing that of wine since 2001, the growing production and consumption of beer has supported the existence of related events, for example the so-called Oktoberfests ( sic ) or " Fiestas de la Cerveza " in locations that have a significant German population ( Villa General Belgrano in Córdoba, San Carlos and Esperanza in the province of Santa Fe, etc .).

In 1941, Ultra exerted a powerful effect on the North African desert campaign, against the German army, under General Erwin Rommel.

For example, Baldrick is reduced to making coffee from mud and cooking rats, while General Melchett hatches a plan for the troops to walk very slowly toward the German lines, because " it'll be the last thing Fritz will expect.

Its first modern incidence in biological warfare were when Scandinavian " freedom fighters " supplied by the German General Staff used anthrax with unknown results against the Imperial Russian Army in Finland in 1916.

Although the German General Staff was also abolished by the treaty, it nevertheless continued to exist as the Truppenamt or " Troop Office ", supposedly only an administrative body.

It was only after the hastily improvised plan for the invasion of Western Europe in 1940 and its successful conclusion, which led the German General Staff to believe that decisive battles were not obsolete.

Moreover Frieser states that surviving German economists and members of the German General Staff have denied Germany went to war based on a blitzkrieg strategy.

Bunge & Born was founded in 1884 by Ernesto Bunge, a German Argentine whose uncle, Carl Bunge, had been Consul General in Argentina for both the Netherlands and Prussia, and his brother-in-law, Jorge Born, who had recently arrived from Antwerp.

" The directive comported with the view of General Lucius D. Clay and the Joint Chief of Staff over growing communist influence in Germany, as well as of the failure of the rest of the European economy to recover without the German industrial base on which it previously had been dependent.

He entered the Kriegsakademie ( also cited as " The German War School ," the " Military Academy in Berlin ," and the " Prussian Military Academy ") in Berlin in 1801 ( age 21 ), studied the writings of the philosopher Immanuel Kant, and won the regard of General Gerhard von Scharnhorst, the future first chief of staff of the new Prussian Army ( appointed 1809 ).

The theme of stab-in-the-back was articulated in 1919 most prominently by General Erich Ludendorff, one of the two top German commanders.

In the latter part of the war, Germany was practically a military dictatorship, with the Supreme High Command ( German: OHL, " Oberste Heeresleitung ") and General Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg as commander-in-chief advising the Kaiser.

On November 18, von Hindenburg testified in front of this parliamentary commission, and cited a December 17, 1918 Neue Zürcher Zeitung article that summarized two earlier articles in the Daily Mail by British General Frederick Barton Maurice with the phrase that the German army had been ' dagger-stabbed from behind by the civilian populace ' (" von der Zivilbevölkerung von hinten erdolcht .").

* 1944 – World War II: Battle of the Bulge – German troops demand the surrender of United States troops at Bastogne, Belgium, prompting the famous one word reply by General Anthony McAuliffe: " Nuts!

Most Holocaust historians identify six German Nazi extermination camps, all in occupied Poland ; two of them, Chełmno and the Auschwitz II, in the western Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany ( October 1939 ), four in the General Government area.

In Des Teufels General ( The Devil's General ) of 1954, a Luftwaffe general named Harras loosely modeled after Ernst Udet, appears at first to be cynical fool, but turns out to an anti-Nazi who is secretly sabotaging the German war effort by designing faulty planes.

General Mannerheim agreed on the need for German weapons, but opposed any help from German troops in Finland.

These groups — the Nazi party and government leadership, the German General Staff and High Command ( OKW ); the Sturmabteilung ( SA ); the Schutzstaffel ( SS ), including the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ); and the Gestapo — had an aggregate membership exceeding two million, making a large number of their members liable to trial if the organisations were convicted.

As laid out in the General Plan for the East, the aim was to remove all non-Germanic peoples from German Lebensraum and to reclaim any Volksdeutsche ( ethnic Germans ) from Poland.

German General Lothar von Trotha implemented an extermination policy at the Battle of Waterberg, which drove the Herero west of the Kalahari Desert.