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The Greek poet Hesiod, around the 8th century BC, in his compilation of the mythological tradition ( the poem Works and Days ), explained that, prior to the present era, there were other four progressively more perfect ones, the oldest of which was the Golden Age.
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Greek and poet
They are said to go back at least to the Greek poet Lycophron, in the third century BCE ; but this relies on an account of Lycophron given by John Tzetzes in the 12th century.
Alcaeus ( Alkaios, ) of Mytilene ( c. 620 – 6th century BC ), Greek lyric poet from Lesbos Island who is credited with inventing the Alcaic verse.
Alexander Aetolus () was a Greek poet and grammarian, the only known representative of Aetolian poetry.
According to the Roman poet Ovid ( Fasti v. 379 ), the constellation honors the centaur Chiron, who was tutor to many of the earlier Greek heroes including Heracles ( Hercules ), Theseus, and Jason, the leader of the Argonauts.
The second story tells of the Greek poet Arion of Lesbos ( 7th century BC ), who was saved by a dolphin.
Other indications of dating are obtained by stylometry and this section therefore is an appropriate place to consider some aspects of his style as a Greek poet.
Epigram is associated with ' point ' because the European epigram tradition takes the Latin poet Martial as its principal model ; he copied and adapted Greek models ( particularly the contemporary poets Lucillius and Nicarchus ) selectively and in the process redefined the genre, aligning it with the indigenous Roman tradition of ' satura ', hexameter satire, as practised by ( among others ) his contemporary Juvenal.
In the Western classical tradition, Homer (;, Hómēros ) is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, and is revered as the greatest ancient Greek epic poet.
Hesiod ( or ;, Hēsíodos ) was a Greek oral poet generally thought by scholars to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.
Another example of the textual arguments against the Testimonium is that it uses the Greek term poietes to mean " doer " ( as part of the phrase " doer of wonderful works ") but elsewhere in his works, Josephus only uses the term poietes to mean " poet ," whereas this use of " poietes " seems consistent with the Greek of Eusebius.
Greek and Hesiod
Unlike their father, Hesiod was averse to sea travel but he once crossed the narrow strait between the Greek mainland and Euboea to participate in funeral celebrations for one Athamas of Chalcis, where he won a tripod in a singing competition.
Ancient Greek poetry in general had strong philosophical tendencies and Hesiod, like Homer, demonstrates a deep interest in a wide range of ' philosophical ' issues, from the nature of divine justice to the beginnings of human society.
Classical authors also attributed to Hesiod a lengthy genealogical poem known as Catalogue of Women or Ehoiai ( because sections began with the Greek words ē hoiē, " Or like the one who ...").
( 1985 ), " Hesiod ", The Cambridge History of Classical Literature: Greek Literature, Cambridge University Press
* Hesiod, Works and Days Book 1 Works and Days Book 2 Works and Days Book 3 Translated from the Greek by Mr. Cooke ( London, 1728 ).
** Perseus Classics Collection: Greek and Roman Materials: Text: Hesiod ( Greek texts and English translations for Works and Days, Theogony, and Shield of Heracles with additional notes and cross links.
Roberts argues that older than tragedy and comedy was a misogynistic tradition in Greek literature, reaching back at least as far as Hesiod.
In Greek mythology according to Hesiod, the human race had already existed before the creation of women — a peaceful, autonomous existence as a companion to the gods.
This approach to analyzing and classifying metres originates from ancient Greek tragedians and poets such as Homer, Pindar, Hesiod, and Sappho.
Dactylic hexameter was the traditional meter of Greek epic poetry, the earliest extant examples of which are the works of Homer and Hesiod.
In a major departure from Hesiod, the 6th-century BC Greek elegiac poet Theognis of Megara tells us:
These authors, in such works as The Republic and Laws by Plato, and The Politics and Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle, analyzed political systems philosophically, going beyond earlier Greek poetic and historical reflections which can be found in the works of epic poets like Homer and Hesiod, historians like Herodotus and Thucydides, and dramatists such as Sophocles, Aristophanes, and Euripides.
Others present these stories as mythology deriving from Greek cultural influence, deriving arguments mainly from Hesiod ’ s " Works and Days ", which portrays the basic moral foundation and plantation techniques of the citizens of Greece and describes the races of men, created by the Greek deities.
The Theogony (, Theogonía,, " the birth of the gods ") is a poem by Hesiod ( 8th – 7th century BC ) describing the origins and genealogies of Greek polytheism, composed circa 700 BC.
It is necessary to see the Theogony not as the definitive source of Greek mythology, but rather as a snapshot of a dynamic tradition that happened to crystallize when Hesiod formulated the myths he knew — and to remember that the traditions have continued evolving since that time.
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