Some passages in the novel have the characters speaking in the Gullah language.

Those brought from the coastal areas were likely of the Gullah culture and language.

They developed the creole Gullah language and culture on the islands and in the Low Country, distinctive for its African traditions.

Gullah ( also called Sea Island Creole English and Geechee ) is a creole language spoken by the Gullah people ( also called " Geechees " within the community ), an African American population living on the Sea Islands and the coastal region of the U. S. states of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and northeast Florida.

# Gullah arose independently in South Carolina and Georgia in the 18th and 19th centuries when African slaves on rice plantations developed their own creole language combining features of the English they encountered in America with the West and Central African languages they brought with them on the Middle Passage.

While it is likely that some of the Gullahs ’ ancestors came from Africa with a working knowledge of Guinea Coast Creole English, and this language influenced the development of Gullah in various ways, it is also clear that most slaves taken to America did not have prior knowledge of a creole language in Africa.

It is also clear that the Gullah language evolved in unique circumstances in coastal South Carolina and Georgia, thus developing its own distinctive form in that new environment.

Their modern descendants in the West speak a conservative form of Gullah resembling the language of 19th-century plantation slaves.

In the 1930s and 1940s an African-American linguist named Lorenzo Dow Turner did a seminal study of the Gullah language based on field research in rural communities in coastal South Carolina and Georgia.

After Turner's book was published in 1949, scholars began coming to the Gullah region regularly to study African influences in Gullah language and culture.

Nonetheless, these works provide the best available information on the Gullah language as it was spoken in its more conservative form during the 19th century.

The Gullah language is spoken today by about 250, 000 people in coastal South Carolina and Georgia.

Nonetheless, Gullah is still understood as a creole language and is certainly distinct from Standard American English.

For generations, outsiders stigmatized Gullah speakers, regarding their language as a mark of ignorance and low social status.

As a result, Gullah people developed the habit of speaking their language only within the confines of their own homes and local communities, hence the difficulty in enumerating speakers and assessing decreolization.

" Come By Heah ", as they called it, was sung in Gullah, the creole language spoken by the former slaves living on the Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia.

* Gullah language

* Gullah language

It is also one of the sources of the Gullah people's language and the Palenquero creole in Colombia.

The 2010 exhibition Word, Shout and Song examined the work of Lorenzo Dow Turner and the Gullah language.

In the 1930s African-American linguist Lorenzo Dow Turner found a Gullah family in coastal Georgia who had preserved an ancient song in the Mende language (" A waka "), passing it down for 200 years.

Benjamin's family flees Charlotte's plantation as it is burned and settle on the coast in a Gullah settlement with former black slaves.

According to this view, Gullah is an independent development in North America.

Gullah is most closely related to Afro-Seminole Creole, spoken in scattered Black Seminole communities in Oklahoma, Texas, and Northern Mexico.

Turner found that Gullah is strongly influenced by African languages in its sound system, vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, and semantic system.

Although some scholars argue that Gullah has changed little since the 19th century and that the majority of speakers have always been bidialectal, it is likely that at least some decreolization has taken place.

It is not clear that he was a classical musician, though neither is it clear that he worked in jazz, popular music or any other field — he primarily synthesized and utilized elements of many styles, including the music of New York's Yiddish theatre, vaudeville, ragtime, operetta, jazz, Tin Pan Alley and Broadway songs, the music of the Gullah people and the impressionist and post-Romantic music of European composers.

" Kumbaya " or " Kumbayah " ( Gullah, " Come By Here " — " Kum ba yah ") — is a Negro spiritual song from the 1930s.

This account is contradicted by the fact that a nearly identical Gullah version of the song was recorded almost two decades earlier.

Pin Point is a small, predominantly African American community that has a well-established group of Gullah speakers.

Historically, the Gullah region extended from the Cape Fear area on the coast of North Carolina south to the vicinity of Jacksonville on the coast of Florida ; but today the Gullah area is confined to the South Carolina and Georgia Lowcountry.

The Gullah people and their language are also called Geechee, which some scholars speculate is related to the Ogeechee River near Savannah, Georgia.

" Gullah " is a term that was originally used to designate the language spoken by Gullah and Geechee people, but over time it has become a way for speakers to formally identify both their language and themselves as a distinctive group of people.

* the McIntosh County Shouters, a traditional performance group of the Gullah ethnic group, based in the town of Eulonia.

Ambrose E. Gonzales, another writer of South Carolina planter-class background, also wrote original stories in 19th-century Gullah, based on Gullah literary forms.

As Gullah, they had preserved much of their African language in an Afro-English based Creole, along with cultural practices and African leadership structure.

The Gullah pioneers built their own settlements based on rice and corn agriculture.

Vertamae Grosvenor's Vibration Cooking, or the Travel Notes of a Geechee Girl, originally published in 1970, focused on South Carolina " Lowcountry "/ Geechee / Gullah cooking.

During the development of the film, producer-director Roland Emmerich and his team consulted with experts at the Smithsonian Institution on set, props, and costumes ; advisor Rex Ellis even recommended the Gullah village as an appropriate place for Martin's family to hide.

" She learned years later that it was Gullah, a West African-influenced English creole used and preserved by people on the islands and in the Low Country of Georgia, South Carolina, and northeastern Florida, together with a particular culture.

It tells the story of three generations of Gullah women in the Peazant family on St. Helena Island in 1902, as the younger ones prepare to migrate to the North.

Jones ( a Confederate officer during the Civil War ) and Stoddard were both planter-class whites who grew up speaking Gullah with the slaves ( and later, freedmen ) on their families ' plantations.

They perform worldwide the Gullah music of the Georgia coast, and have been touring since the early 1900s ; the folklorist and musicologist Alan Lomax discovered the Singers on a 1959-60 collecting trip, and helped to bring their music to new audiences.

From this point forward, he changed colors, moods, and feelings, also on that day a slew of new shows and shorts premiered, including Muppet Time, Gullah Gullah Island, Allegra's Window, The Busy World of Richard Scarry, and Winky Love.

Gullah Gullah Island ; Children's show on Nickelodeon.