A plaque in the entrance serves as a memorial to the synagogue and to Jewish residents who were murdered during the Holocaust.

Its Jewish residents were expelled by the military order of Hadrian.

Describing Flanders as the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium is commonplace, although Jewish groups have been speaking Yiddish in Antwerp for centuries, and Flanders ' minority residents include 170 nationalities — their larger groups speaking French, Berber, Turkish, Arabic, Spanish, Italian and Polish.

During the 16th century the Jewish community in Galilee prospered, with Safed reaching a size of 15, 000 residents, mostly Jews.

Having recruited a few thousand volunteers, he organized the blockade of the 100, 000 Jewish residents of Jerusalem.

Some 1, 200 Jewish residents and refugees from other Balkan countries were hidden by Albanian families during World War II, according to official records.

75. 3 percent of them are Jewish ( about 5, 865, 300 individuals ), 20. 5 percent are Arabs ( about 1, 597, 300 individuals ), while the remaining 4. 3 percent ( about 318, 200 individuals ) are defined as " others " ( family members of Jewish immigrants who are not registered at the Interior Ministry as Jews, non-Arab Christians, non-Arab Muslims and residents who do not have a religious classification ).

* 1349 – The Jewish population of Basel, Switzerland, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing Black Death, is rounded up and incinerated.

* 1942 – Holocaust: The SS murders 588 Jewish residents of the Podolian town of Zinkiv ( Khmelnytska oblast, Ukraine ).

A 2007 poll commissioned by the Center Against Racism ( 2008 ) found a worsening of Jewish citizens ' perceptions of their Arab counterparts: For instance, 75 % of Israeli Jews would not agree to live in a building with Arab residents, 60 % would not accept any Arab visitors at their homes, 40 % believed that Arabs should be stripped of their right to vote, and 59 % believe that the culture of Arabs is primitive.

In particular, the residents of Ashkelon, a large Jewish settlement, responded to his request.

* July 10 – The Holocaust: Jedwabne pogrom: Local ethnic Poles massacre at least 340 Jewish residents of Jedwabne in occupied Poland.

* April 4 – 1920 Palestine riots: Violence erupts between Arab and Jewish residents in Jerusalem ; 9 killed, 216 injured.

H2, which was inhabited by around 30, 000 Palestinians, remained under Israeli military control to protect several hundred Jewish residents in the old Jewish quarter.

* January 9 – The Jewish population of Basel, Switzerland is rounded up and incinerated, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing Black Death.

The 56, 000 Jewish residents of the town were confined in a ghetto.

The city was by then a burgeoning port and attracted many new residents, Jewish merchants amongst them.

The county has the largest Jewish population per capita in the country, with 31. 4 %, or 90, 000 residents, being Jewish.

Among these were the burning of the synagogue in Będzin, where the town's Jewish residents were burned to death.

* Ptolemy II encourages the Jewish residents of Alexandria to have their Bible translated into Greek.

Thousands of Jewish residents of Jaffa fled for Tel Aviv and were temporarily housed in tent camps on the beach.

The Ferrara Synagogue and Jewish Museum are located in the heart of the mediæval centre, close to the cathedral and the Castello Estense.

This street was part of the Jewish Quarter in which the Jews were separated from the rest of the population of Ferrara from 1627 to 1859.

The Jewish community of Ferrara is the only one in Emilia Romagna with a continuous presence from the Middle Ages to the present day.

The Italian Jewish writer, Giorgio Bassani, was from Ferrara.

The town of Ferrara was also the setting of the famous film The Garden of the Finzi-Continis by Vittorio De Sica in ( 1970 ), that tells the vicissitudes of a rich Jewish family during the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini and World War II.

16th century Italian Jews had taken music and dance to an even more refined level of art: at that time in Italy there were Jewish virtuosi and dancing masters in Mantua, Ferrara, and Rome, and the first known troupes of Jewish performers in Europe.

The Jews of Mantua, Milan, and Ferrara, taking advantage of the favorable disposition of the pope, sent to him an ambassador, Bezaleel Massarano, with a present of 2, 000 scudi, to obtain from him permission to reprint the Talmud and other Jewish books, promising at the same time to expurgate all passages considered offensive to Christianity.

In 1598 Ferrara was repossessed by the Papal States, leading to some Jewish emigration from there.

It was inaugurated by Titus in 80 CE, the personal gift of the Emperor to the people of Rome, paid for by the Imperial share of booty after the Jewish Revolt.

The Persians may have experimented initially with ruling Yehud as a Dividic client-kingdom under descendants of Jehoiachin, but by the mid – 5th century BCE Yehud had become in practice a theocracy, ruled by hereditary High Priests and a Persian-appointed governor, frequently Jewish, charged with keeping order and seeing that tribute was paid.

In 1518 a Jewish merchant of Avlona succeeded in lowering the duties paid in Ancona for all “ the Levantine merchants, subjects to the Turk ”.

One critic claimed that he had been paid by Jewish groups to write his critical essay on Quebec.

Later on after the Christian reconquest of Spain, the Jewish community paid a yearly tax of 300 sueldos ( in the 14th century ).

Herod built temples for various pagan gods to serve the gentile populations, which were paid for by heavy taxes on the local Jewish population.

Six million Reichsmarks of insurance payments for property damage due to the Jewish community were to be paid to the government instead as " damages to the German Nation ".

The same decree freed them from the " Todfall " tax, paid to the clergy for each Jewish burial.

Half the construction costs were paid by Ezra Mosseri, an affluent Egyptian Jewish banker and director of the National Bank of Egypt, and another 46 % by other wealthy Cairo Jews.

Bahya felt that many Jews paid attention only to the outward observance of Jewish law, " the duties to be performed by the parts of the body " (" Hovot HaEvarim "), without regard to the inner ideas and sentiments that should be embodied in this way of life, " the duties of the heart " (" Hovot HaLev ").

The German government paid war reparations to Jewish survivors of the Holocaust, but not to the Romani.

They paid regularly to support the Jewish institutions ( such as the rabbinical academy of Jerusalem ).

Many Jewish activists became prominent in municipal and state politics, winning election to public office with little attention paid to their Jewish identity.

A large part of the expenses were paid by the Jewish Ladies ' organization of the synagogue.

She enrolled in a Protestant private school for girls that also accepted Catholic and Jewish pupils ; most of those of the Jewish faith had to pay three times the amount Catholics paid.

Reza Shah was the first Iranian Monarch in 1400 years who paid respect to the Jews by praying in the synagogue when visiting the Jewish community of Isfahan ; an act that boosted the self-esteem of the Iranian Jews and made Reza Shah their second most respected Iranian leader after Cyrus the Great.

Zaken shows that some Jewish individuals paid 50 gold liras every year during World War I. Apparently-according to Dr. Zaken-" in spite of the forceful conscription campaigns, some of the Jews were able to buy their exemption from conscription duty.

The rents paid by tenant fellah increased sharply, owing to increased population density, and transfer of land from Arabs to the Jewish settlement agencies, such as the Jewish National Fund, increased the number of fellahin evicted while also removing the land as a future source of livelihood.

After the end of this revolt, Jews continued to live in Jerusalem in significant numbers, and were allowed to practice their religion, only if they paid the Jewish Tax.

Germany paid Israel 450 million DM in Holocaust reparations, and paid 3 billion DM to the World Jewish Congress to compensate survivors in other countries.