He achieved the independence of the southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia, the County of Portugal, from Galicia's overlord, the King of León, in 1139, establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he pursued until his death, in 1185, after forty-six years of wars against the Moors.

Finally, in 1143, the Treaty of Zamora established peace between the cousins and the recognition by the Kingdom of León that Portugal was a sovereign kingdom.

In 1217, Alfonso had captured the Kingdom of Murcia, on the Mediterranean coast south of Valencia, for his father, King Alfonso IX, thereby unifying the kingdoms of Castile and León, bringing together the northern half of the Iberian Peninsula under one Christian throne.

* Kingdom of León, an independent state in the Iberian Peninsula from 910 to 1230 and again from 1296 to 1301

* New Kingdom of León, a territory of Spain ( 1582-1821 ) in Mexico, roughly corresponding in area to modern Nuevo León

* 1143 – King Alfonso VII of León recognises Portugal as a Kingdom.

The Islami c Almohad dynasty and surrounding states, including the Christian Kingdoms of Kingdom of Portugal | Portugal, Kingdom of León | León, Kingdom of Castile | Castile, Kingdom of Navarre | Navarre, and Kingdom of Aragon | Aragon c. 1200.

In 924 the Kingdom of Asturias became the Kingdom of León.

At his death in 910 the shift in regional power was completed as the kingdom became the Kingdom of León.

For the next 80 years, the Kingdom of León suffered civil wars, Moorish attack, internal intrigues and assassinations, and the partial independence of Galicia and Castile, thus delaying the reconquest, and weakening the Christian forces.

Following the disastrous defeat of Alfonso VIII, King of Castile, at Alarcos, Kings Alfonso IX, of Kingdom of León, and Sancho VII, of Navarre, entered an alliance with the Almohads and invaded Castile in 1196.

From this same 10th century on, Compostela became a politically relevant site and several kings of Galicia and of León were acclaimed by the Galician noblemen, and crowned and anointed by the local bishop at the cathedral, among them Ordoño IV in 958, Bermudo II in 982, and Alfonso VII in 1111, so Compostela becoming capital of the Kingdom of Galicia.

Later kings were also sepulchered in the cathedral, namely Fernando II and Alfonso IX, last of the Kings of León and Galicia before both kingdoms were united with the Kingdom of Castile.

* 1128: On June 24, Portugal gains independence from the Kingdom of León at the Battle of São Mamede ; ( recognised by León in 1143 ).

* September 29 – A London, Scottish & Provincial Airways Airspeed Courier crashes at Tiverton Bottom, Shoreham, Kent, in the United Kingdom, killing all four people on board.

In a provocative move Canada passed “ An Act to extend the Provincial Copyright Act to Persons Resident in the United Kingdom ” in 1847, granting British authors protection only if their works had been printed and published in the Province of Canada.

In the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, from 1861, the chairman of the Provincial Sejm of Galicia with its seat at Lwów bore the title Marszałek krajowy ( Province Marshal ).

The United Kingdom funds a retired police officer to work in the Helmand Provincial Reconstruction Team to assist the CNPA with their training and development programme.

His eldest son, Don Bernabe ( or Barnaba ) Carrascon was a Colonel in command of the Provincial Regiments of the Kingdom of Naples, and later Commandant of Lucera.

His eldest son, Don Bernabe ( or Barnaba ) Carrascon was a Colonel in command of the Provincial Regiments of the Kingdom of Naples, and later Commandant of Lucera.

Provincial governors in the Middle Kingdom continued to be buried in decorated rock-cut tombs in their local cemeteries, carried over from the First Intermediate Period, at sites such as Beni Hasan.

Provincial issues were in use during 1918 – 21 prior to Croatia joining the Kingdom of Serbs Croats & Slovenes,

Andrew appointed Pontius de Cruce, Master of the Order in the Hungarian Kingdom, as a regent in Croatia and Dalmatia.

Although there has been an old tradition and like for making census in Spain, the oldest ones dating back to the 12th century ( by Alfonso VII of the Kingdom of Castile ), the first modern census was carried out in 1768 by Conde de Aranda, under the reign of Carlos III.

* 1640 – Miguel de Vasconcelos, last Secretary of State of the Kingdom of Portugal, during the Iberian Union ( b. c. 1590 )

Francis Xavier, born Francisco de Jasso y Azpilicueta ( 7 April 1506 – 3 December 1552 ) was a pioneering Roman Catholic missionary born in the Kingdom of Navarre ( now part of Spain ) and co-founder of the Society of Jesus.

He was born to an aristocratic family of the Kingdom of Navarre, the youngest son of Juan de Jaso, privy counsellor to King John III of Navarre ( Jean d ' Albret ), and Doña Maria de Azpilcueta y Aznárez, sole heiress of two noble Navarrese families.

In 1512 under Ferdinand the Catholic as King of the first political unit referred to as Spain, joint Spanish troops from both the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon commanded by Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, second Duke of Alba, first invaded partially the Kingdom of Navarre.

The idea of a feudal state or period, in the sense of either a regime or a period dominated by lords who possess financial or social power and prestige, became widely held in middle of the 18th century, thanks to works such as Montesquieu's De L ' Esprit des Lois ( 1748 ; published in English as The Spirit of the Laws ), and Henri de Boulainvilliers ’ s Histoire des anciens Parlements de France ( 1737 ; published in English as An Historical Account of the Antient Parliaments of France or States-General of the Kingdom, 1739 ).

Fox's relationship with Margaret Fell is novelized in Jan de Hartog's The Peaceable Kingdom: An American Saga.

Godfrey of Bouillon | Godefroy de Bouillon, a French knight, leader of the First Crusade and founder of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

On 27 February 1930, the island was made de jure a part of the Kingdom of Norway.

Other signs of human metallurgy are found from the third millennium BC in places like Palmela ( Portugal ), Cortes de Navarra ( Spain ), and Stonehenge ( United Kingdom ).

Melilla was part of the Kingdom of Fez when the Catholic Monarchs, Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon requested Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 3rd Duke of Medina Sidonia, to take the city.

Alfonso de Borja was born in La Torreta, now a neighbourhood of Canals, Valencia – today in Spain – but at that time in the Kingdom of Valencia under the Crown of Aragon.

On the first vote, Rafael Altamira y Crevea of Spain, Dionisio Anzilotti of Italy, Bernard Loder of the Netherlands, Ruy Barbosa of Brazil, Yorozu Oda of Japan, Charles Andre Weiss of France, Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirven of Cuba and Lord Finlay of the United Kingdom were elected by a majority vote of both the Council and Assembly on the first ballot taken.

Although Roy Bates claims it is de facto recognised by Germany ( as they have sent a diplomat to the micro-nation ), and by the United Kingdom ( after an English court ruled it did not have jurisdiction over Sealand ) neither action constitutes de jure recognition as far as the respective countries are concerned.

This Super Bowl was simulcast in Canada on CTV and in Mexico on Televisa's Canal de las Estrellas, and later aired in the United Kingdom on Channel 4.

The game was broadcast in the United Kingdom on Channel 4, in Mexico on the Canal de las Estrellas and in Canada on CTV.

His father, Hyder Ali, was a military officer in service to the Kingdom of Mysore ; he rapidly rose in power, and became the de facto ruler of Mysore in 1761.

The conflict is largely between the Kingdom of Morocco and the Algerian-backed nationalist organization the Polisario Front ( Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el-Hamra and Río de Oro ), which in February 1976 formally proclaimed the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic ( SADR ), now basically administered by a government in exile in Tindouf, Algeria.

* The presence and rise of a significant number of women as heads of state and heads of government in a number of countries across the world, many being the first women to hold such positions, such as Soong Ching-ling continuing as the first Chairwoman of the People's Republic of China until 1972, Isabel Martínez de Perón as the first woman President in Argentina in 1974 until being deposed in 1976, Elisabeth Domitien becomes the first woman Prime Minister of Lesotho, Indira Gandhi continuing as Prime Minister of India until 1977, Lidia Gueiler Tejada becoming the interim President of Bolivia beginning from 1979 to 1980, Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo becoming the first woman Prime Minister of Portugal in 1979, and Margaret Thatcher becoming the first woman Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.