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The LFE channel delivers bass-only information to supplement the overall bass content.
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LFE and channel
As well, during the 1990s, DVDs were increasingly recorded with " surround sound " processes that included a Low-frequency effects ( LFE ) channel, which could be heard using the subwoofer in home theater systems.
In 1992, Dolby Digital's six-channel film sound format incorporated a single LFE channel, the " point one " in 5. 1 surround sound.
These configurations optionally include the extra low-frequency effects ( LFE ) channel.
refers to the LFE channel, which is also a discrete channel.
5. 1, offered 5. 1-channel support which adds a center channel speaker and LFE subwoofer output, most useful for movie watching.
( The ". 1 " denotes a Low-frequency effects channel ( LFE ) for bass and / or special audio effects.
Before the bass management system there is a Low Frequency Effects ( LFE ) channel.
A common misunderstanding is the belief that the LFE channel is the " subwoofer channel ".
The bass management system may direct bass to one or more subwoofers ( if present ) from any channel, not just from the LFE channel.
Also, if there is no subwoofer speaker present then the bass management system can direct the LFE channel to one or more of the main speakers.
The LFE channel was originally developed to carry extremely low " sub-bass " cinematic sound effects ( with commercial subwoofers sometimes going down to 30 Hz, e. g., the loud rumble of thunder or explosions ) on their own channel.
In the original movie theater implementation, the LFE was a separate channel fed to one or more subwoofers.
Home replay systems, however, may not have a separate subwoofer, so modern home surround decoders and systems often include a bass management system that allows bass on any channel ( main or LFE ) to be fed only to the loudspeakers that can handle low-frequency signals.
The salient point here is that the LFE channel is not the " subwoofer channel "; there may be no subwoofer and, if there is, it may be handling a good deal more than effects.
These labels sometimes use the LFE channel to carry a height channel, underlining its redundancy for its original purpose.
This notation, e. g. " 5. 1 ", reflects the number of full range channels ; including a ". 1 " to reflect the limited range of the LFE channel.
2 basic stereo speakers with no LFE channel
5 full-range channels + 1 LFE channel =
3 front channels + 2 side channels + an LFE channel = 3 / 2. 1
LFE and information
The LFE channel is used to carry additional bass information in the Dolby Digital program, while the subwoofer output is bass information from up to all six channels that has been selected to be reproduced by the subwoofer via a bass management system.
LFE and bass
The LFE channel originated in Dolby Stereo 70 mm Six Track film prints, as a way of providing louder bass and sub-bass effects, without detracting from the quality of the standard audio channels.
Later formats such as Dolby Digital retained the LFE channel, although this is more through convention and backwards compatibility than necessity, as digital formats have greater dynamic range than the magnetic analogue recordings on 70 mm prints, and modern sound processors have a bass management system to redirect bass from all channels to a subwoofer.
The bass management system may direct bass to one or more subwoofers ( if present ) from any channel, not simply the content of the LFE channel.
All bass from the left channels are directed to a left LFE channel while right channel bass is directed to the right LFE channel.
LFE and content
The LFE channel content is not the same as the content of a subwoofer-out jack.
LFE and .
After 3 years, LFE discontinued the festival and it was brought home to Chesterton by the Duneland Business Initiative Group in 2009.
The LFE is a source of some confusion in surround sound.
Some record labels such as Telarc and Chesky have argued that LFE channels are not needed in a modern digital multichannel entertainment system.
They argue that all available channels have a full frequency range and, as such, there is no need for an LFE in surround music production, because all the frequencies are available in all the main channels.
channel and delivers
Through the introduction of sophisticated methods of coding and transmitting data, EDGE delivers higher bit-rates per radio channel, resulting in a threefold increase in capacity and performance compared with an ordinary GSM / GPRS connection.
16VSB is capable of twice the data capacity of 8VSB ; while 8VSB delivers 19. 39 Mbit / s ( Megabits per second ) in a 6-MHz television channel, 16VSB could deliver 38. 78 Mbit / s, while making the sacrifice of being more prone to transmission error.
* Super Hippy-Played by Mitchell Markowitz ( Rafael Markowitz's younger brother ), this hippie in a superhero costume appears leading in and out of commercials, sitting or flying in varying locations as he delivers some variation on " Don't change the channel, we'll be right back after these commercials.
The third stage of the marketing communication process occurs when a channel or medium delivers the message.
The channel has since become a standard part of the itinerary for cruising in Antarctica ; not only is it scenic, but the protected waters are usually as still as a lake, a rare occurrence in the storm-wracked southern seas, and the north-south traverse delivers vessels close to Petermann Island for landings.
An inbound channel receives messages ( via the protocol and in the format it implements ) and an outbound channel delivers messages ( via its relevant protocol and mapping into the relevant format ).
* Each outbound channel delivers the message to those recipients who are to be reached by that channel, and reports to deliver which addresses were successfully delivered to.
In December 2004, Movie Central launched its first high definition channel called Movie Central HD which delivers simulcasted content from Movie Centrals various multiplex channels excluding EA and EA2.
It is the only business-focused channel that delivers live regional market data in the Middle East market, providing both a ticker and analytical reporting.
channel and information
Henrietta was discovering in the process of writing, as the born writer does, not merely a channel for the discharge of accumulated information but a stimulus to the development of the creative powers of observation, insight and intuition.
Allocution refers to the one way dissemination of information through a media channel.
To store matte information, the concept of an alpha channel was introduced by Alvy Ray Smith in the late 1970s, and fully developed in a 1984 paper by Thomas Porter and Tom Duff.
A channel actually consists of two signals: the picture information is transmitted using amplitude modulation on one frequency, and the sound is transmitted with frequency modulation at a frequency at a fixed offset ( typically 4. 5 to 6 MHz ) from the picture signal.
During a major news event one or more of the main news presenters may be sent to present live for the channel from the scene of the story, where they will conduct interviews with the people involved, question correspondents, introduce related reports and also give general information on the story, much as a reporter sent to cover a story would.
One of the concepts in data communication is the idea of allowing several transmitters to send information simultaneously over a single communication channel.
Telecommunications engineering focuses on the transmission of information across a channel such as a coax cable, optical fiber or free space.
* Information channels: Information-theoretic approaches see the genetic code as an error-prone information channel.
The inherent noise ( that is, the error ) in the channel poses the organism with a fundamental question: how can a genetic code be constructed to withstand the impact of noise while accurately and efficiently translating information?
Applications of fundamental topics of information theory include lossless data compression ( e. g. ZIP files ), lossy data compression ( e. g. MP3s and JPGs ), and channel coding ( e. g. for Digital Subscriber Line ( DSL )).
Important sub-fields of information theory are source coding, channel coding, algorithmic complexity theory, algorithmic information theory, information-theoretic security, and measures of information.
Source coding and channel coding are the fundamental concerns of information theory.
The central paradigm of classical information theory is the engineering problem of the transmission of information over a noisy channel.
* the mutual information, and the channel capacity of a noisy channel, including the promise of perfect loss-free communication given by the noisy-channel coding theorem ;
This division of coding theory into compression and transmission is justified by the information transmission theorems, or source – channel separation theorems that justify the use of bits as the universal currency for information in many contexts.
Communications over a channel — such as an ethernet cable — is the primary motivation of information theory.
How much information can one hope to communicate over a noisy ( or otherwise imperfect ) channel?
Under these constraints, we would like to maximize the rate of information, or the signal, we can communicate over the channel.
The appropriate measure for this is the mutual information, and this maximum mutual information is called the channel capacity and is given by:
0.235 seconds.