The best current estimate of the age of the universe is 13. 75 ± 0. 11 billion years ( 4. 339 ± 0. 035 × 10 < sup > 17 </ sup > seconds ) within the Lambda-CDM concordance model.

The best measurements available ( from WMAP ) show that the data is well-fit by a Lambda-CDM model in which dark matter is assumed to be cold ( warm dark matter is ruled out by early reionization ), and is estimated to make up about 23 % of the matter / energy of the universe, while baryonic matter makes up about 4. 6 %.

One of the goals of these efforts is to measure the basic parameters of the Lambda-CDM model with increasing accuracy, as well as to test the predictions of the Big Bang model and look for new physics.

The Lambda-CDM model of galaxy formation underestimates the number of thin disk galaxies in the universe.

While this remains an unsolved problem for astronomers, it does not necessarily mean that the Lambda-CDM model is completely wrong, but rather that it requires further refinement to accurately reproduce the population of galaxies in the universe.

According to the dominant cosmological model, the Lambda-CDM model, less than 5 % of the universe's energy density is made up of the " matter " described by the Standard Model of Particle Physics, and the majority of the universe is composed of dark matter and dark energy-with no agreement amongst scientists about what these are made of.

* Lambda-CDM model

Thus, the current standard model of cosmology, the Lambda-CDM model, includes the cosmological constant, which is measured to be on the order of 10 < sup >− 52 </ sup > m < sup >− 2 </ sup >, in metric units.

The results of these surveys are important for cosmological parameter estimation, to better understand and improve upon the Lambda-CDM model, and to provide a consistency check on other cosmological observations.

The image can be interpreted to indicate that the universe is 13. 7 billion years old ( within one percent error ), and are very consistent with the Lambda-CDM model and the density fluctuations predicted by inflation.

* 2006-2011-Improved measurements from WMAP, new supernova surveys ESSENCE and SNLS, and baryon acoustic oscillations from SDSS and WiggleZ, continue to be consistent with the standard Lambda-CDM model.

* Classification of possible universes in the Lambda-CDM model.

The ekpyrotic model of the universe is an alternative to the standard cosmic inflation model for the very early universe ; both models accommodate the standard big bang Lambda-CDM model of our universe.

The existence of non-baryonic cold dark matter ( CDM ) is today a major feature of the Lambda-CDM model that describes the cosmology of the universe.

* Lambda-CDM model

WMAP's measurements played the key role in establishing the current Standard Model of Cosmology: the Lambda-CDM model.

In the Lambda-CDM model of the universe, the age of the universe is 13. 75 ± 0. 11 billion years.

* Lambda-CDM model

Since that time, detailed observations of WMAP have isolated a standard Lambda-CDM model which relates the anisotropies in the CMB to features in the universe such as large-scale structure, the detailed nature of Hubble's law, and even bizarre features such as inflation, dark energy, and cold dark matter.

* Lambda-CDM model of big-bang cosmology

Some widely accepted and studied theories and models in astrophysics, now included in the Lambda-CDM model are the Big Bang, Cosmic inflation, dark matter, dark energy and fundamental theories of physics.

These observations have been incorporated into a six-parameter framework known as the Lambda-CDM model which explains the evolution of the universe in terms of its constituent material.

Though the universe might in theory have a longer history, the International Astronomical Union presently use " age of the universe " to mean the duration of the Lambda-CDM expansion, or equivalently the elapsed time since the Big Bang in the current observable universe.

The Lambda-CDM model | best-fit values of these parameters are shown by the box in the upper left ; the matter-dominated universe is shown by the star in the lower right.

The ΛCDM or Lambda-CDM model is a cosmological model in which the universe contains a cosmological constant, denoted by

If one extrapolates the Lambda-CDM model backward from the earliest well-understood state, it quickly ( within a small fraction of a second ) reaches a singularity called the " Big Bang singularity.

A full Bayesian analysis of the WMAP power spectrum demonstrates that the quadrupole prediction of Lambda-CDM cosmology is consistent with the data at the 10 % level and that the observed octupole is not remarkable.

Within the currently favoured cosmological Lambda-CDM model, small objects ( consisting of dark matter and gas ) are the first to form.

This has led to the development of a so-called concordance ΛCDM model which combines detailed data obtained with new telescopes and techniques in observational astrophysics with an expanding, density-changing universe.

Today, it is more common to find in the scientific literature proposals for " non-standard cosmologies " that actually accept the basic tenets of the big bang cosmology, while modifying parts of the concordance model.

According to the models of inflation and current observations of the accelerating universe, the concordance models of physical cosmology are converging on a consistent model where our universe was best described as a de Sitter universe at about a time seconds after the fiducial Big Bang singularity, and far into the future.

Other observational and theoretical inconsistencies were resolved by inflationary cosmology first described by Alan Guth in 1980 and this ad hoc model is now incorporated in the best-supported concordance model of cosmology.

It emerged in the late 1990s as a concordance cosmology, after a period of time when disparate observed properties of the universe appeared mutually inconsistent, and there was no consensus on the makeup of the energy density of the universe.

In science and history, consilience ( also convergence of evidence or concordance of evidence ) refers to the principle that evidence from independent, unrelated sources can " converge " to strong conclusions.

* Latin version with concordance from Intertext. com

They studied 289 pairs of identical twins ( monozygotic or from one fertilized egg ) and 495 pairs of fraternal twins ( dizygotic or from two fertilized eggs ) and found concordance rates for same-sex attraction of only 7. 7 % for male identical twins and 5. 3 % for females, a pattern which they say " does not suggest genetic influence independent of social context.

Sutartinės ( from the word sutarti — to be in concordance, in agreement, singular sutartinė ) are highly unique examples of folk music.

" Catarrhine primate divergence dates estimated from complete mitochondrial genomes: concordance with fossil and nuclear DNA evidence ".

( in Italian: Zipped RTF full text from Nigralatebra, or HTML full text with concordance from IntraText Digital Library ).

( in Italian: HTML full text with concordance from IntraText Digital Library ).

( in Italian: HTML full text with concordance from IntraText Digital Library ).

* Code of Canon Law ( from the Vatican, with IntraText concordance )

This approach is most often used when the message or set of messages to be encoded is fixed and large ; for instance, an application that stores the contents of the Bible in the limited storage space of a PDA generally builds a static dictionary from a concordance of the text and then uses that dictionary to compress the verses.

He served as a Grinfield lecturer from 1880 to 1884, during which time he presented his concordance on the Septuagint.

The first album draws from the Old Testament and New Testament, except the Book of Revelation, and include biblical references and a concordance.

( in Italian: Zipped RTF full text from Nigralatebra, or HTML full text with concordance from IntraText Digital Library ).

These are analogous to KWIC and KWOC, which were very early computer applications inherited from the centuries-old idea of concordance.