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The Lemba people of South Africa and Zimbabwe have claimed that their ancestors carried the Ark south, calling it the ngoma lungundu or " voice of God ", eventually hiding it in a deep cave in the Dumghe mountains, their spiritual home.
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Lemba and people
* They praise Nwali for looking after the Lemba, considering themselves part of the chosen people.
Parfitt described Gayre's work as having a clear objective to " show that black people had never been capable of building in stone or of governing themselves ", although he does add that " The fact that Gayre ... got most of his facts wrong, does not in itself vitiate the claims of the Lemba to have been involved in the Great Zimbabwe civilisation ".
The Lemba, a Bantu-speaking group of people from southern Africa, consider themselves Jewish.
* Lemba people
Lemba and South
The Lemba or ' wa-Remba ' are a southern African ethnic group to be found in Zimbabwe and South Africa with some little known branches in Mozambique and Malawi.
According to their oral tradition, the male ancestors of the Lemba eventually came to South East Africa to obtain gold
South African Jews have been aware of the Lemba but have never regarded them as anything more than an " intriguing curiosity.
The Lemba Cultural Association has approached the South African Jewish Board of Deputies asking for the Lemba to be recognized as Jews by the Jewish community.
The construction of Great Zimbabwe is claimed too by the Lemba, an ethnic group with a tradition of ancient Jewish or South Arabian descent through their male line, which is supported by recent DNA studies, and female ancestry derived from the Karanga subgroup of the Shona ; the Lemba maintain that their male forebears came in ships from a distant country in order to obtain gold.
Arguing that the South African Lemba are probably descended from the remnant which fled southwards, Gayre, Mullan and Murdock point out that the Lemba were esteemed by neighbouring tribes as exceptionally skilled miners and metal workers.
* Lemba of Northern South Africa and Botswana
Lemba and Africa
One Lemba clan, the Buba, which was supposed to have brought the Ark to Africa, have a genetic signature called the Cohen Modal Haplotype.
According to some Lemba claims, they had male ancestors who were Near Eastern Jews who left Judea about 2, 500 years ago and settled in a place called Senna in the Arabian peninsula, and later still, migrating into North East Africa.
As recounted in Lemba oral tradition, the Buba clan " had a leadership role in bringing the Lemba out of Israel " and eventually into Southern Africa.
The Lemba T carriers belonged exclusively to T1b *, which is rare and was not sampled in indigenous Jews of the Near East or North Africa, but shares a similar estimate expansion time with the T1 * Somalis.
Lemba, 1650-1932: A Drum of Affliction in Africa and the New World.
Today, there are Jewish communities in many countries ; including the Beta Israel of Ethiopia, the Abayudaya of Uganda, the House of Israel in Ghana, the Igbo Jews of Nigeria and the Lemba of Southern Africa.
Lemba and Zimbabwe
In February 2010 the Lemba ngoma lungundu rediscovered a few years before, believed by some Lemba to be a nearly 700-year-old replica of the Ark of the Covenant, went on display in a museum in Harare, Zimbabwe.
As evidence of a prehistoric link between the Lemba and Zimbabwe, Gayre cites the following claims:
# The old Lemba language was a dialect of Karanga – which is spoken today in the Masvingo area of Zimbabwe ; ( thus, the Lemba female ancestry must have contained a large MaKaranga element ).
The Lemba claim to Great Zimbabwe was supported by Gayre, who suggested that the Shona artefacts which were found in the ruins, were placed there only after they conquered the area and drove out or absorbed the previous inhabitants ; he added that the ones who remained would have passed some of their skills and knowledge to the invaders.
The discovery of models of circumcised male organs in some of the ancient ruins, is interpreted by Gayre as evidence of a direct link between the Lemba and Great Zimbabwe ; ( that is significant because surrounding tribes regarded the Lemba as the masters and originators of the art of circumcision ).
For example, one study found this to be the case in Bantu language speakers who are African Pygmies or are in Mozambique, while another population genetic study found this to be the case in the Bantu language speaking Lemba of Zimbabwe.
Lemba and have
Recent genetic analyses have established a partially Middle-Eastern origin for a portion of the Lemba population.
The Lemba have become world famous because of genetic testing that has demonstrated the possible authenticity of some of their oral traditions.
Studies have also suggested that there is no Semitic female contribution to the Lemba gene pool.
** Groups such as the Lemba, many of whom practice Christianity but have preserved some rituals and customs believed to be Jewish in origin.
Linguists have listed Lobedu together with Kalanga, Nambya, Venda, Lemba, Shankwe, Nyubi and Karanga as a language of the Rozvi and thus therefore connects them to this history.
Lemba and their
According to their oral traditions, some time after the arrival of the Lemba with the Ark, it self-destructed.
Circumcision, not marrying non-Lembas, their dietary practices and a suggested relationship between many Lemba clan-names and known Arabic Semitic words ; e. g., Sadiki, Hasane, Hamisi, Haji, Bakeri, Sharifo and Saidi led W. D. Hammond-Tooke to the conclusion that they were in part, Arabs.
The Lemba prefer their children to marry other Lembas, with marriage to non-Lembas being discouraged.
In the Zoutpansberg region in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Lemba were so highly esteemed for their mining and metalwork skills that surrounding tribes regarded them as an almost alien ( but very welcome ) community.
One particular sub-clan within the Lemba, the Buba clan, is considered by the Lemba to be their priestly clan, while among Jews, the Kohanim are the priestly clan.
# The Lemba bury their dead in an extended rather than a crouched position – i. e., in the same style as in certain Zimbabwean graves, where gold jewellery confirmed their association with the ancient civilization ;
* " Lost tribes of Israel ( 2000 )" ( PBS documentary on the Lemba and their origins )
* The Lemba, their origins and the Ark-Extrageographic
Gayre, Mullan and Murdock also mention that the Lemba buried their dead in an extended rather than a crouched position, i. e., in the same style as in certain Zimbabwean graves which contained gold jewellery.
Lemba and carried
The Buba clan carried most of the CMH found in the Lemba.
( 2011 ) observed that a moderately high frequency of the studied Lemba samples carried Y-DNA Haplogroup T, which is considered to be of Near Eastern origin.
A distinct ( and partly Semitic ) identity for the Lemba is also supported by observations and interviews carried out by van Warmelo.
Lemba and Ark
He says that the object described by the Lemba has attributes similar to the Ark.
Lemba tradition maintains that the Ark spent some time in Sena in Yemen.
Radiocarbon dating showed it to be only 600 years old however, and Parfitt then suggested that it was a replica made while the Lemba were in Yemen, after the original Ark had been destroyed.
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