The Second Triumvirate is the name historians give to the official political alliance of Octavian ( later known as Augustus ), Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, and Mark Antony, formed on 26 November 43 BC with the enactment of the Lex Titia, the adoption of which marked the end of the Roman Republic.

Many historians mark the end of the Republic on the passage of a law named the Lex Titia, 27 November 43 BC.

One of the first examples of rule by decree was in the ancient Roman Republic when, after the assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 BC, his successor, Gaius Octavian, general Mark Antony and succeeding pontifex maximus Aemilius Lepidus seized power in the Second Triumvirate, officially recognized by the senate by the Lex Titia decree.

A Lex Titia formalized the rule of Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus.

Although the constitutional machinery of the Republic was not irrevocably dismantled by the Lex Titia, in the event it never recovered.

The Lex Titia gave this " three-man commission for restoring the constitution of the republic " ( triumviri rei publicae constituendae ) the power to make or annul laws without approval from either the Senate or the people ; insulated their judicial decisions from appeal, and allowed the Triumvirs to name magistrates at will.

Although the constitutional machinery of the Republic was not irrevocably dismantled by the Lex Titia, in the event it never recovered.

The passing of the Lex Titia marked the de facto end of the Roman Republic, though in practice it had already been almost completely subverted by the contending parties in the civil war which was then beginning.

The law, ostensibly only a temporary measure, was renewed in 38 BC, but quarrels between Octavian and Antony after the downfall of Lepidus in 36 BC prevented the law from being further extended, leading to the expiration of the Lex Titia in 33 BC and the ensuing Final War of the Roman Republic.

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The " original intent " of the law, as co-conceived by Lex Frieden and Mitchell J. Rappaport, was to create civil rights law protections for people with disabilities that would be permanent, would not be able to be reversed or weakened, and would prohibit all discrimination.

This was followed by the Lex Burgundionum, applying separate codes for Germans and for Romans ; the Pactus Alamannorum ; and the Salic Law of the Franks, all written soon after 500.

He renewed the Lex Iulia de Adulteriis Coercendis, under which adultery was punishable by exile.

Metallo was soon kidnapped and his power source forcibly removed by Lex Luthor who, after discovering its debilitating effects on Kryptonians, created a ring with a kryptonite gem to keep Superman at bay.

Waid's original intention was to jettison the notion of Lex Luthor being an evil businessman, restoring his status as a mad scientist.

Labs and notes that the corpse was altered postmortem to make it resemble Lex Luthor.

Superman manages to destroy the Kryptonite-powered ship and recover the crystal-simultaneously confronting Lex with the fact that, despite his claims that Superman has been ' holding him back ' from helping humanity, the only thing he accomplished with Superman being absent for a year was to find a large robot that he used to try to destroy everything -, but Lex manages to escape custody yet again.

Having been sent to the prison planet after his Injustice League was defeated, Lex quickly assumes control of the amassed villains, receiving competition only from Joker and Gorilla Grodd, who convince half of the villains to join them.

Lex is later revealed to have obtained contact with the " Collector of Worlds " through unknown means and was told to say the word " Krypton " to Superman.

It is later revealed that Lex Luthor was the secret caller named " Icarus " that was giving secret information on Glen Glenmorgan to Clark Kent.

The first one Jaxon Xavier ( played by Andy Berman ) who was also a top scientist in one of Lex's companies called Lex Labs, entrapped Lois and Clark in a virtual reality world to steal information for mind control before the two with the help of Jimmy Olsen tricked him into letting them out by stealing his wrist watch escape window leaving him stranded.

Lois is initially sceptical that Lex could have fathered these adult men, but Clark Kent insists that no one can be sure of Luthor's true age since he was " a master of deception.

They discovered that the real Lex Luthor is at large having been the one who mailed Lois the Red Kryptonite necklace and that the one in jail was a robotic duplicate.

When Lex Luthor tries to use his Kryptonite ring on Superman, it doesn't work due to the fact that Superman was actually Batman in disguise.

Lex Luthor was defeated by Batman and Superman.

Merovingian law was not universal law equally applicable to all ; it was applied to each man according to his origin: Ripuarian Franks were subject to their own Lex Ripuaria, codified at a late date ( Beyerle and Buchner 1954 ), while the so-called Lex Salica ( Salic Law ) of the Salian clans, first tentatively codified in 511 ( Rouche 1987 p 423 ) was invoked under medieval exigencies as late as the Valois era.

Intermarriage between the castes was forbidden by the Lex and wergilds were set based upon caste membership.

He issued the so-called Lex Hieronica, which was later adopted by the Romans for their administration of Sicily ; he also had the theatre enlarged and a new immense altar, the " Hiero's Ara ", built.

In 506, the Breviarum or " Lex Romana " of Alaric II, king of the Visigoths, adopted and consolidated the Codex Theodosianus together with assorted earlier Roman laws.

* 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths promulgates The Breviary of Alaric ( Breviarium Alaricianum or Lex Romana Visigothorum ) a collection of Roman law.

* King Alaric II issues the " Lex Romana Visigothorum " or Breviary of Alaric, an abstract of Roman laws and imperial decrees compiled by a commission appointed to provide a law code for Alaric's Roman subjects.

After the 91 BC Italic rebellion, the cities of the Veneti, together with the rest of Transpadania, were granted partial rights of Roman citizenship according to the Lex Pompeia Transpadanis.

Later in 49 BC, by the Lex Rubria de Gallia Rome granted full Roman citizenship to the Veneti.

The Roman Lex Regia ( royal law ), later the Lex Caesarea ( imperial law ) of Numa Pompilius ( 715 – 673 BC ), required the child of a mother dead in childbirth be cut from her womb.

* In response to the illegal exercise of citizen rights by foreigners, the Roman Senate passed the Lex Papia, which expelled all foreigners from Rome.

* The Roman law, Lex Porcia, is proposed by the tribune P. Porcius Laeca to give Roman citizens in Italy and provinces the right of appeal in capital cases.

* The Roman sumptuary law, the Lex Oppia, which restricts not only a woman's wealth, but also her display of wealth, is repealed despite consul Marcus Porcius Cato's strong opposition.

* The Roman calendar, which is four months ahead of the seasons, is adjusted ( by Lex Acilia de intercalando ).

* The Roman law, Lex Oppia, is instituted by Gaius Oppius, a tribune of the plebs during the consulship of Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus and Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus.

This second decemviri adds two more headings to their predecessor's ten, completing the Law of the Twelve Tables ( Lex Duodecim Tabularum ), which will form the centrepiece of Roman law for the next several centuries.

The Breviary of Alaric ( Breviarium Alaricianum or Lex Romana Visigothorum ) is a collection of Roman law, compiled by order of Alaric II, King of the Visigoths, with the advice of his bishops and nobles.

* A new law, the Lex Canuleia removes the ban on inter-marriage of the Roman classes, i. e. plebeian with patrician.

Her Aventine Temple served the plebeians as cult centre, legal archive, treasury and possibly law-court ; its foundation was contemporaneous with the passage of the Lex Sacrata, which established the office and person of plebeian aediles and tribunes as inviolate representatives of the Roman people.

This attack caused such panic in Rome that Pompey the Great arranged for the tribune Aulus Gabinius to rise in the Roman Forum and propose a law, the Lex Gabinia, to allow Pompey to raise an army and destroy the pirates.

A law of 90 BC ( Lex Julia ) offered Roman citizenship to the federate states that accepted the terms.

Agrarian land reform has been a recurring theme of enormous consequence in world history — see, for example, the history of the Semproninan Law or Lex Sempronia agraria proposed by Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus and passed by the Roman Senate ( 133 BC ), which led to the social and political wars that ended the Roman Republic.

In the mid-8th century a surviving Lex Romana Curiensis, a " Roman Law of Chur ", was an abbreviated epitome of the Breviary of Alaric.

This second set added two more headings to their predecessors ' ten, completing the Law of the Twelve Tables ( Lex Duodecim Tabularum ), which formed the centerpiece of the Roman constitutions for the next several centuries.