In order to have boltholes or decoys in case of attack, the Time Lords have created nine separate planet Gallifreys ( it even hinted that the original Gallifrey may at some point be reduced to ruins ) and special looms to constantly produce new soldiers.

After voting on all of the articles has taken place, and if the Lords find the defendant guilty, the Commons may move for judgment ; the Lords may not declare the punishment until the Commons have so moved.

Whereas the late King James the Second by the Assistance of diverse evill Councellors Judges and Ministers imployed by him did endeavour to subvert and extirpate the Protestant Religion and the Lawes and Liberties of this Kingdome ( list of grievances including ) ... by causing severall good Subjects being Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when Papists were both Armed and Imployed contrary to Law, ( Recital regarding the change of monarch ) ... thereupon the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons pursuant to their respective Letters and Elections being now assembled in a full and free Representative of this Nation takeing into their most serious Consideration the best meanes for attaining the Ends aforesaid Doe in the first place ( as their Auncestors in like Case have usually done ) for the Vindicating and Asserting their ancient Rights and Liberties, Declare ( list of rights including ) ... That the Subjects which are Protestants may have Arms for their Defence suitable to their Conditions and as allowed by Law.

However, the use of vetoes is limited by convention and by the operation of the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949: the Lords may not veto the " money bills " or major manifesto promises ( see Salisbury convention ).

This was initially dismissed as pilot error, but an investigation by Computer Weekly uncovered sufficient evidence to convince a House of Lords inquiry that it may have been caused by a software bug in the aircraft's engine control computer.

* In some cases, a bicameral legislature may have an " upper house " that is not directly elected, such as the Canadian Senate, which was in turn modeled on the British House of Lords.

It may be that he felt he had to maintain this posture of loyalty to protect his son Henry Bolingbroke ( the future Henry IV ), who had also been one of the Lords Appellant, from Richard's wrath ; but in 1398 Richard had Bolingbroke exiled, and on John of Gaunt's death the next year he disinherited Bolingbroke completely, seizing Gaunt's vast estates for the Crown.

Under the terms of the Act, there may be no more than 12 Lords of Appeal in Ordinary under the age of 75 at one time.

A motion for cloture may be adopted in both the House of Commons and in the House of Lords by a simple majority of those voting.

Some such judges, for instance judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, are called ' Lords Justices ', or ' Ladies Justices ', as the case may be.

The title of Laird may carry certain local or feudal rights, although unlike a Scottish Lordship of Parliament, a Lairdship has not always carried voting rights, either in the historic Parliament of Scotland or, after unification with the Kingdom of England, in the British House of Lords.

Time Lords also seem to have an increased resilience to higher frequencies of sound, as seen in " The Christmas Invasion " ( although this may simply be the excess energy from his recent regeneration, or their hearing range may not go as high as a human's ).

In addition, Time Lords may be clairvoyant, or have additional time-related senses.

Some victims, such as Runcible, were possibly " just Gallifreyans " and not Time Lords ( see above ), and so may not have had the ability to regenerate.

It is implied ( in The Invasion of Time and The Deadly Assassin ) that the terms " Gallifreyan " and " Time Lord " may not be synonymous, and that Time Lords are simply that subset of Gallifreyans who have achieved the status of Time Lord via achievement in the Gallifreyan collegiate system ; in the episode " The Sound of Drums " The Doctor talks of ' children of Gallifrey ' which implies that children are Gallifreyan before they are Time Lords.

The House of Lords may decide the case by a simple majority.

When the Commons demand judgment, but not earlier, the Lords may proceed to pronounce the sentence against the accused.

The accused may not, under the Act of Settlement 1701, plead a pardon to avoid trial in the House of Lords ; the same rule does not apply in the lower courts.

In the United Kingdom, however, the impeachment trial is like any other trial: the House of Lords may impose the same sentence as any lower court, and the Sovereign may pardon the individual convicted upon impeachment like any other convict.

If Parliament is not in session, then the trial is conducted by a " Court of the Lord High Steward " instead of the House of Lords ( even if the defendant is not a peer ).

And Charles Stuart, eldest son of the late King, being informed of these transactions, left the Spanish territories where he then resided, and by the advise of Monk went to Breda, a town belonging to the States of Holland: from when he sent his letters and a declaration to the two House by Sir John Greenvil ; whereupon the nominal House of Commons, though called by a Commonwealth writ in the name of the Keepers of the Liberties of England, passed a vote about April 25, 1660, ' That the government of the nation should be by a King, Lords and Commons, and that Charles Stuart should be proclamed King of England.

If it be accepted, as can hardly be denied, that the answers of the judges to the questions asked by the House of Lords in 1843 are to be read in the light of the then existing case-law and not as novel pronouncements of a legislative character, then the High Court's analysis in Stapleton's Case is compelling.

He then added that there was not any widespread desire for reform: he indicated a recent survey of working-class voters that showed that only a third of them wanted to reform or abolish the Lords, with another third believing the Lords were an " intrinsic part of the national traditions of Britain ".

Lords of the cities of Coimbra and Porto ( then Portucale ) with Braga's clergy demanded the independence of the renewed county.

The Bill was then sent up to the House of Lords, a majority in which was known to be hostile to it.

However, there are episodes that seem to contradict this view, or at least to point to a relaxation of it: " Genesis of the Daleks ," where the Time Lords ask the Doctor to prevent the creation of the Daleks or at least change them into a less violent race, " Image of the Fendahl ," where the Time Lords destroyed the fifth planet of Sol and then used a Time Loop to hide all records of its existence, and " Two Doctors ," where the Time Lords enlist the aid of the Doctor to prevent the independent development of their method of time travel.

Walpole was impeached by the House of Commons and found guilty by the overwhelmingly Tory House of Lords ; he was then imprisoned in the Tower of London for six months and expelled from Parliament.

Callaghan moved an amendment to the Copyright Bill then under consideration in the Lords to extend the term under which the hospital could continue to collect royalties, despite the lapse of copyright, and this was accepted by the government.

One of his final public appearances came on 29 April 2002, when at the age of 90 he sat alongside the then prime minister Tony Blair and the three other surviving former prime ministers at the time at Buckingham Palace for a dinner which formed part of the Queen's Golden Jubilee celebrations, alongside his daughter Margaret, Baroness Jay, who had served as Leader of the House of Lords from 1998 to 2001.

Even after the government acceded to virtually all their demands, the Commons then refused to authorize any finance for the war, losing the sympathy of the Lords as a result.

The minutes were read, then Stanton spoke in defense of the many severe accusations brought against the much-abused " Lords of Creation.

In 1997, the then First and Second Lords, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown respectively, swapped apartments, as the Chancellor's apartment in No. 11 was bigger and thus better suited to the needs of Blair ( who had children ) than Brown who was at that stage unmarried.

The Congregation Lords made a truce with Guise and signed the Articles of Leith at Leith Links on 25 July 1559 which promised religious tolerance, then withdrew to Stirling.

Negotiations between the Duke's mother, Isabel, and the King of England's brothers-in-law, Lords Scales and Rivers, then proceeded between December 1467 and June 1468.

The Doctor then recalls that Rory and Amy had spent their wedding night in the TARDIS ; therefore it is theorised that River's conception mirrored that of the Time Lords ' genesis and therefore she herself developed Time Lord genetic characteristics.

Rassilon, the ultimate founder of Time Lord society, then took a singularity ( assumed by fans and the spin-off media to be the same one as Omega's ) and placed it beneath the Time Lords ' citadel on Gallifrey.

Oneilland West, like Oneilland East, was once O ' Neill territory, until it was then held by the MacCanns, who were Lords of Clanbrassil.

The bill was quickly approved by the House of Lords, and then also quickly approved by the British House of Commons.

The East India Company then petitioned the House of Commons, arguing that the acceptance of a case in the first instance by the Lords was " unusual " and " extraordinary.

The House of Lords had to decide whether this was reviewable by judicial review.

The differences between this court and the House of Lords are that in the House all of the peers are judges of both law and fact, whereas in the Court the Lord High Steward is the sole judge of fact and the peers decide the facts only ; and the bishops are not entitled to sit and vote in the Court.

The increased minimum term was overturned in 1997 by the House of Lords, who ruled that it was " unlawful " for the Home Secretary to decide on minimum sentences for young offenders.

By the 14th century, the House of Lords gained the sole power to decide such appeals.

Marianne Giles, author of Criminal Law in a Nutshell, called it " Paternalism of an unelected, unrepresentative group who use but fail to acknowledge that power ," as the House of Lords failed to establish a precise guide for the United Kingdom's courts to consistently decide where a defence of consent should succeed or where it should not, and as Roger Geary argues in Understanding Criminal Law, this lack of a precise guide gives rise to legislating from the bench or other kritocracy, and laws being applied unequally to homosexuals or others whose practices are in the minority where pain is inflicted with consent, even potentially body art such as tattooing.

* Section 2 ( 3 ) is a corresponding provision for the Lord Chancellor ( since 2005, the Lord Speaker ) to decide about the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Lords.

Within 48 hours of the ruling being made, the Law Lords and the European Court of Human Rights had ruled in favour of another convicted murderer ( Anthony Anderson ) who was challenging the right of politicians to decide how long a murderer must spend in prison before being considered for parole.

However, in practice this gave the Lords a right to demand that such public support was present and to decide the timing of a general election.

It was the prevailing wisdom that the House of Lords could not amend money bills, since only the House of Commons had the right to decide upon the resources the monarch could call upon.

Finally, in 1858, the House of Lords agreed to a proposal to allow each house to decide its own oath.

It therefore remains to be seen whether the House of Lords would decide this point differently.

Due to differences between Scottish and Canadian estate law, it took seven years after his death for the Court of Session and the British House of Lords to decide that his estate would be divided up under Scottish, rather than Canadian, law.

For example, Ulster King of Arms had to decide and arrange precedence on state occasions at the court of the English Viceroy ( later Lord Lieutenant ) of Ireland, formally introduce new peers to the Irish House of Lords, and record peerage successions.