Wallace was a prolific author who wrote on both scientific and social issues ; his account of his adventures and observations during his explorations in Indonesia and Malaysia, The Malay Archipelago, was one of the most popular and influential journals of scientific exploration published during the 19th century.

According to Malay culture, amok was rooted in a deep spiritual belief.

Through Cornwall, Gardner was introduced to many locals, whom he soon befriended, including members of the Senoi and Malay peoples.

Although Muslims had passed through Malaysia as early as the 10th century, it was not until the 14th and 15th centuries that Islam first established itself on the Malay Peninsula.

A fourth phase of foreign influence was immigration of Chinese and Indian workers to meet the needs of the colonial economy created by the British in the Malay Peninsula and Borneo.

This was followed by an early-Holocene dispersal through the Malay Peninsula into the Malay Archipelago.

The Malays remained politically fragmented throughout the Malay archipelago, although a common culture and social structure was shared.

The Buddha-Gupta stone, dating to the 4th-5th century CE, was dedicated by an Indian Merchant, Buddha Gupta, as an expression of gratitude for his safe arrival after a voyage to the Malay peninsula.

The Malay Peninsula was known to ancient Tamils as Suvarnadvipa or the " Golden Peninsula ".

Between the 7th and the 13th century, much of the Malay peninsula was under the Buddhist Srivijaya empire.

The port of Malacca on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula was founded in 1402 by Parameswara, a Srivijaya prince fleeing Temasek ( now Singapore ), Malaysia formally came into being on 16 September 1963, consisting of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore.

Since a third of the Malay workforce worked in the rubber industry it was important to develop alternative sources of employment.

Although the Chinese and Indian communities could maintain their own Chinese and Tamil-language primary schools, all their students were required to learn Malay, and to study an agreed “ Malayan curriculum .” Most importantly, the entry exam to the University of Malaya ( which moved from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur in 1963 ) would be conducted in Malay, even though most teaching at the university was in English until the 1970s.

Gerakan was a deliberately non-communal party, bringing in Malay trade unionists and intellectuals as well as Chinese and Indian leaders.

The Constitution was changed to make illegal any criticism, even in Parliament, of the Malaysian monarchy, the special position of Malays in the country, or the status of Malay as the national language.

This latter figure was deceptive because many businesses that appeared to be Malay-owned were still indirectly controlled by Chinese, but there is no doubt that the Malay share of the economy considerably increased.

The Chinese remained disproportionately powerful in Malaysian economic life, but by 2000 the distinction between Chinese and Malay business was fading as many new corporations, particularly in growth sectors such as information technology, were owned and managed by people from both ethnic groups.

The result of this was that the PAS won a number of Malay seats from UMNO, but many Chinese voters disapproved of this unnatural alliance with the Islamist PAS, causing the DAP to lose many of its seats to the MCA, including that of its veteran leader, Lim Kit Siang.

In Southeast Asian countries where Muslim Malay peoples live, such as Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines, ivory was the material of choice for making the handles of kris daggers.

The idea of uniting former British and Dutch colonial possessions in Southeast Asia actually have its roots in early 20th century, as the concept of Greater Malay ( Melayu Raya ) was coined in British Malaya espoused by students and graduates of Sultan Idris Training College for Malay Teachers in the late 1920s.

In later generations, some lost the ability to speak Chinese as they became assimilated to the Malay Peninsula's culture and started to speak Malay fluently as a first or second language.

The origin of the name Selangor is lost in history, although some sources claim the name to have come from the Malay word selangau, ' a large fly ', most probably due to the abundance of flies in the marshes along the Selangor River in the state's northwest.

UMNO lost 18 seats and two state governments as large numbers of Malay voters flocked to PAS and Keadilan, many in protest at the treatment of Anwar.

Moreover, even though State Councils were still kept functioning in the former Federated Malay States, it lost the limited autonomy that they enjoyed as they administered some local and less important aspects of government and the Federal government in Kuala Lumpur controlling vital aspects.

All of the UMNO-backed Malay candidates lost to PAP candidates.

They gained the return of the four northernmost Malay states lost in the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, and with Japanese mediation in the Franco – Thai war they also recovered territory lost in the Franco-Siamese War of 1893.

On independence on 31 August 1957, British protected persons from the Malay states lost their BPP status.

Gangga Negara is believed to be a lost semi-legendary Hindu kingdom mentioned in the Malay Annals that covered present day Beruas, Dinding and Manjung in the state of Perak, Malaysia with Raja Gangga Shah Johan as one of its kings.

Similar to some Malay versions of the Hikayat Seri Rama, the epic has lost the association with Hinduism and is instead considered a Jataka Story, a previous lifetime of the Buddha.

Sasagawa mentions Groslier's acknowledgement of Siamese performers in the royal dance troupe and also mentions Norodom Sihanouk claim that the Siamese taught Cambodia it's lost art form which they had preserved after sacking Angkor ,' however, Sasagawa notes that the Siamese innovations ( such as the story of Inao, an adaptation of the Malay version of Panji ) were not present in the Angkorian dance tradition.

On independence on 31 August 1957, British protected persons ( BPP ) from the Malay states lost their BPP status.

In 1526 – 27, the Portuguese explorer Jorge de Menezes accidentally came upon the principal island and is credited with naming it Papua, a Malay word for the frizzled quality of Melanesian hair.

What came out as a strong proof in favor of the sultanate was when US Governor General Francis B. Harrison, on February 27, 1947, furnished Philippine vice-president and foreign affairs secretary Elpidio Quirino a photostat copy of the lease document, which was later translated from Malay language and the Arabic script by Professor Henry Otley Bayer of the University of the Philippines.

On 27 September 1995 at midnight, Fifth Frequency and Eighth Frequency began 24-hour transmission, while Malay and Tamil programmes ( previously aired on Fifth Frequency and Eighth Frequency, respectively ) were moved to Twelfth Frequency such as: Prime 12 ( later Suria ) and Premiere 12 ( later Central ) programming.

The protectorate of the Federated Malay States was established after the four Rulers of Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang agreed to a federation and centralized administration in 1895 and in which the Treaty of Federation was drawn up and signed on 1 July 1896.

The breeding season varies from May to July in northern China, March to August in India, January to June in Burma and January to August in the Malay Peninsula.

Under Lim Yew Hock, the SPA joined the Singapore Alliance Party on July 1961, an extension of the federal Alliance Party which included the local branches of the United Malay National Organization, Malayan Chinese Association, and the Malayan Indian Congress.

It was an integrated school offering secondary education to an enrolment of 984 pupils and 37 teachers of two streams, in English and Malay. On 29 July 1966, then Prime Minister, Mr Lee Kuan Yew declared open Yusof Ishak Secondary School ( YISS ) at Jubilee Road.

National Environment Agency ( Abbreviation: NEA ; Chinese: 国家环境局 ; Malay: Agensi Sekitaran Kebangsaan ) formed on 1 July 2002, is a statutory board under the Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources in Singapore.

* I Nyoman Darma Putra and Michael Hitchcock ( 2005 ) Pura Besakih: A world heritage site contested in Indonesia and the Malay World, Volume 33, Issue 96 July 2005, pages 225-238

The 1964 Race Riots were a series of riots that took place in Singapore during two separate periods in July and September between Chinese and Malay groups.

The first incident occurred on 21 July during a Malay procession marking the Birthday of Islamic prophet Muhammad.