* Malayalam New Year ( Puthuvarsham ) is celebrated on the 1st day of the month of Chingam, which is the first month on the Malayalam Calendar.

Unlike most other calendar systems in India, the New Year's Day on the Malayalam Calendar is not based on any astronomical event.

It is just the first day of the first of the twelve months on the Malayalam Calendar.

Malayalam Calendar or the Kolla varsham is the calendar followed by people in the South Indian state of Kerala except Malabar & founded by chera King Rajashekhara Varma with the Tarissapalli copper plates of 825 AD to Assyrian Monk Mar Abo which introduced Syrian liturgy among vaishnavite Nambuthiri Christians of chera Kingdom ( present south & central Kerala ).

Malayalam Calendar ( also known as Malayalam Era or Kollavarsham or Kollam Era ) is a solar and sidereal Hindu calendar used in Kerala, India.

" Kadammanitta Padayani " is being performed along with the 10 days long Pathamudaya Maholsavam at Kadammanitta Devi Temple during March-April ( from 1-10 of medam month in Malayalam Calendar ) of every year.

Dhanu is also name of the month in the Malayalam Calendar, mainly used by people of Kerala state in India, women celebrate Thiruvathira in this month.

Although Vishu is not traditionally celebrated as a New Year in the Malayalam Calendar, the day is often considered as the first day of the Zodiac Calendar.

In the Malayalam Calendar, the new year starts on the first day of Chingam, which comes in August or September.

The Pooram festival begins with the Karthika asterism and concludes with the Pooram asterism of the month of Meenam according to the Malayalam calendar ( corresponding to the sun sign Pisces according to the Julian Calendar ) to honour Kamadeva, the god of love.

Amaranth greens, also called Chau lai ( Hindi ) and Chu or Chua ( Kumauni ), Chinese spinach, hinn choy or yin tsoi (); callaloo, dhantinasoppu ( ದ ಂ ಟ ಿ ನ ಸ ೊ ಪ ್ ಪ ು) / harive ( ಹರ ಿ ವ ೆ) ( Kannada ); త ో టక ూ ర ( Telugu ); Rajgira ( र ा जग ी र ा) ( Marathi ); ம ு ள ை க ் க ீ ர ை ( Tamil ); cheera ച ീ ര ( Malayalam ); bayam ( Indonesian ); phak khom ผ ั กโขม ( Thai ); tampala, or quelite ( Oriya ); Khada Saga, are a common leaf vegetable throughout the tropics and in many warm temperate regions.

In India, two varieties of the wok exist: a more traditional Chinese style wok with a wider diameter called the " cheena chatti " ( literally, " Chinese pot " in Malayalam and Tamil ), and a slightly deeper vessel with a narrower diameter and a similar shape, known as a karahi.

Thoran is made in Kerala with the end of the bunch ( called " koompu " in Malayalam ) and is considered to be highly nutritious.

In India and Pakistan, ginger is called adrak in Hindi, Punjabi and Urdu, aad in Maithili, aadi in Bhojpuri, aada in Bengali, Adu in Gujarati, hashi shunti ( ಹಸ ಿ ಶ ುಂ ಟ ಿ) in the Kannada, allam ( అల ్ ల ం) in Telugu, inji ( இஞ ் ச ி) in Tamil and Malayalam, inguru ( ඉඟ ු ර ු) in Sinhalese, alay in Marathi, and aduwa ( अद ु व ा ) in Nepali.

Cassava, often referred to as tapioca in English, is called Kappa ( കപ ് പ ) Kizhangu or Poola ( in northern Kerala ) or Maracheeni or Cheeni or Kolli or Mathock ( മത ് ത ോ ക ് ക ്) in Malayalam.

They decorate their homes with diyas ( or deepams ) and light many fire crackers especially a stick-like cracker called Kambithiri in Malayalam.

In Tamil it is called as " அன ் ன ா ச ி ம ொ க ் க ு" (" Annachi mokku ") and in Malayalam it is called " thakolam ".

East-Indian Lemon Grass ( Cymbopogon flexuosus ), also called Cochin Grass or Malabar Grass ( Malayalam: ഇഞ ് ച ി പ ് പ ു ല ് ല ്( inchippullu ), is native to Cambodia, India, Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand while the West-Indian lemon grass ( Cymbopogon citratus ) is native to maritime Southeast Asia.

In Malayalam, it is called vaalanpuli ( വ ാ ളന ്‍ പ ു ള ി) and in Pakistan in Urdu, it is known as imli.

The use of Malayalam, the local language ( albeit as a mix of Sanskrit and Malayalam, called

This day is called as Pesaha, a Malayalam word derived from the Aramaic or Hebrew word for Passover – Pasha or Pesah – commemorating the Last Supper of Jesus Christ during Passover in Jerusalem.

It is called ' majjige ' in Kannada, ' taak ' in Marathi, ' majjiga ' in Telugu and ' moru ' in Tamil and Malayalam.

In India, in Hindi, the practice is called as TTMM-Tu Tera Mein Mera Hindi ( or Tujhe Tu Majhe Mi in Marathi )( or " Nee unaku kodu, Naan enaku kodukaraen " in Tamil )( or " Ijju Ante Kodutho, Njan ente kodukkam " in Karakkadan Malayalam ) meaning ' You pay yours and I pay mine '.

In Malayalam, it is called mullaatha, literally thorny custard apple.

In some English texts, the plant or the fruit may be called by its local names, which include kugua (, pinyin: kǔguā, " bitter gourd "); parya ( Ilokano ), pare or pare ayam ( Javanese and Indonesian ), pavayka or kayppayka ( Malayalam: പ ാ വയ ് ക ് ക, കയ ് പ ് പക ് ക ), goya ( Okinawan: ゴーヤー ) or nigauri (; although the Okinawan word goya is also used in Japanese ), paakharkaai ( Tamil: ப ா கற ் க ா ய ்), hāgalakāyi ( Kannada: ಹ ಾ ಗಲಕ ಾ ಯ ಿ), ma ' reah ( Khmer: ម ្ រ ះ), kaakarakaya ( Telugu: క ా కరక ా య ), করল া ( korola ) ( Bengali ), ampalaya ( Tagalog ), muop dang () or kho qua ().

Gilli Danda known by various other names: it is called Tipcat in English, Dandi-Biyo ( डण ् ड ी ब ि य ो) in Nepali, alak-doulak ( الک دولک ) in Persian, dānggűli in Bengali & Assamese, chinni-dandu in Kannada, kuttiyum kolum in Malayalam, viti-dandu व ि ट ् ट ी द ां ड ू in Marathi, kitti-pul ( க ி ட ் ட ி- ப ு ல ்) in Tamil, Gooti-Billa or Karra-Billa or Billam-Godu in Telugu, Gulli-Danda in Punjabi, Geeti Danna () in ( Saraiki, Iti-Dakar ( اٽي ڏڪر ) in Sindhi, Lappa-Duggi ( لپا ڈگی ) in Pashto and Kon ko in khmer, the Cambodian language.

The garment has numerous other names such as, ଧ ୋ ତ ି Dhotī in Oriya, called ધ ૉ ત િ ય ુ Dhotiyu in Gujarati, চওৰক ী য ় ক া Suriya in Assamese, ধ ু ত ি Dhuti in Bengali, ಢ ೊ ತ ಿ/ ಕಛ ್ ಛ ೆ ಪನ ್ ಛ ೆ Dhoti or Kachche Panche in Kannada ,‌ Dhotar, Angostar, Aad-neschey or Pudve in Konkani, മ ു ണ ് ട ് Mundu in Malayalam, ధ ో త ీ/ ప ం చ ె Dhoti or Pancha in Telugu, ध ो तर Dhotar in Marathi, ਲ ਼ਾ ਛ Laacha in Punjabi and " Mardaani " in cities of UP, Bihar, Terai, வ ே ட ் ட ி vEtti or வ ே ஷ ் ட ி vEshti in Tamil.

In other Asian cultures, it is also called kanji ( Tamil / Tulu ), kaṇhji / Malayalam ), pakhal bhat ( Oriya ), ganji ( Kannada / Telugu ), juk ( Cantonese, Korean ), moe ( Hokkien and Teochew ), zhou ( Mandarin ), cháo ( Vietnamese ), deythuk ( Tibetan ), chok ( Thai ), kayu ( Japanese ), lúgaw ( Tagalog ), Bubur or kanji ( Indonesian and Malay ) or jaou ( Bengali ) which is derived directly from the Chinese character 粥 ( which means gruel ), canja ( Portuguese ).

In Kerala, horse gram, ( called മ ു ത ി ര ( Muthira ) in Malayalam which almost sounds like ക ു ത ി ര ( kuthira ), Malayalam word for horse ), is used in special kinds of dishes.

At the southern side of the hill, stand the remains of a fort called Pazhi Kotta ( kotta means fort in Malayalam ).

The Bible used in Malankara Church is called the " Peshitta " and was in Estrangelo Syriac This was the Bible that was in use till Malayalam ( language of Kerala ) translation was available.

The Malayalam calendar, or Kollavarsham, was created in Kollam at meetings held in the city in 825 CE.

Its annual festival lasts 41 days, and is held on bharani nakshatra of meenam month ( according to the Malayalam calendar, Kollavarsham ).

The English word " mango " ( plural " mangoes " or " mangos ") originated from the Tamil word māṅgai or mankay () or Malayalam māṅṅa (; from the Dravidian root word for the same ), via Portuguese ( also manga ).

A. R. Rajaraja Varma, who heavily contributed to the development of Malayalam grammar, is of the opinion that Malayalam originated from ancient Tamil.

Another interesting example is orange, which originated in a Dravidian language ( likely Telugu or Malayalam ), and whose likely path to English included, in order, Sanskrit, Persian, possibly Armenian, Arabic, Late Latin, Italian, and Old French.

Ayyavazhi ( Tamil: அய ் ய ா வழ ி Malayalam: അയ ് യ ാ വഴ ി Ayyava < u > l </ u > i, The ' zhi ' ( ழ ி) portion of the word, ' Ayyavazhi ', is a retroflex, and it is correctly transliterated according to the National Library at Kolkata romanization as ayyava < u > l </ u > i .</ ref > -" Path of the father ") is a dharmic belief system that originated in South India.

It shares similarities with Malayalam as well, as it is believed to have originated from the region referred in modern days as Kerala-Tamil Nadu border and they must have spoken a similar tongue in the days gone.

Even up to 500 years since the start of the Malayalam calendar which commenced in 825 AD, Malayalam literature remained in preliminary stage.

The Malayalam Era began in 825 AD ; it is named ' Kolla Varsham ' after Kollam, because of the importance of Kollam in the 9th century AD.

Historically, Kerala was under the second Chera Empire approximately during 800 to 1102 AD during which the Kolla varsham ( Malayalam calendar system ) was initiated ( 825 AD ).