* January 9 – British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773.

* January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: The Marathas are defeated by the Afghans.

They also are employed by the Hindu Marathas

Those in Goa and neighbouring Karwar are known specifically as Konkan Marathas as an affiliation to their regional and linguistic alignment.

The word Maratha is used for the Kshatriya caste belonging to Maharashtra .< ref name =" Maratha1 "> Perspectives on Ethnicity Cite: < i >" There are three major caste groups among Marathi speakers in Tamil Nadu: Deshashtha Brahmans, tailors and Marathas, who are Kshatriyas and are still the ruling class of Tanjore.

The origins of this dish are uncertain, although legend has that it originated in the kitchen of Thanjavur Marathas ruler Shahuji, during the 18th century from the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

The six Marathas are Visoji Ballal, Vithoji Shinde, Vitthal Pildeo Atre, Dipaji Rautrao, Siddi Hilaal, and Krishnaji Bhaskar.

Verma claims that the Rors are related to the Marathas, and using this Maratha identity he was initially able to win some support from the community.

In April 2005 the Supreme Court of India ruled that the Marathas are not a sub-caste of Kunbis.

Marathas and Kunbis are recorded under the common heading of Kunbi in the census of 1881.

Almost without exception, the several regional groups of the Madhyandin Brahmins are indistinguishable from the Kshatriya Marathas due to similar physical features.

The Marathas are finally defeated by the British

All Dhangars of Western Maharashtra and Konkan / Marhatta country, like Holkars, can be termed " Marathas ", but all Marathas are not Dhangars.

This crucial information was used by the Marathas to create a base in the important Vasai and Sopara area, which was a major trading port in the times. The Chogles were credited to be the navy builders of the Maratha Navy.

In 1818 the British forced the Marathas to cede the city for 50, 000 rupees whereupon it became part of the province of Ajmer-Merwara, which consisted of the districts of Ajmer and Merwara and were physically separated by the territory of the Rajputana Agency.

Early skirmishes were followed by victory for the Afghans against the smaller Maratha garrisons in Northwest India and by 1759 Ahmad and his army had reached Lahore and were poised to confront the Marathas.

The Mughal Empire suffered a gradual decline in the early 18th century, which provided opportunities for the Afghans, Balochis, Sikhs, and Marathas to exercise control over large areas in the northwest of the subcontinent until the British East India Company gained ascendancy over South Asia.

The sword has been especially associated with the Marathas, who were famed for their cavalry.

A claimant to the Coorg throne had asked for Hyder's assistance in 1770 when he was preoccupied with the Marathas.

The British had also angered the Marathas by repudiating treaties, with whom they were at war for much of the 1770s, and they had also upset the Nizam of Hyderabad Asaf Jah II over their occupation of Guntur.

In the year 1688 the desperate Ottoman Sultan Suleiman II urgently requested for assistance against the rapidly advancing Austrians, during the Ottoman – Habsburg War however the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and his forces were heavily engaged in the Deccan Wars against the Marathas to commit any formal assistance to their desperate Ottoman allies.

Renamed Shamsher Bahadur, Bajirao and Mastani's son died, aged barely 27, fighting valiantly for the Marathas in the Battle of Panipat 1761.

Accounts vary as to the reasons for what came next: Mughal accounts state that Sambhaji was asked to surrender his forts, treasures, and names of Mughal collaborators with the Marathas, and that he sealed his fate by insulting both the emperor and the Islamic prophet Muhammad during interrogation, and was executed for having killed Muslims.

Marathas received similar call for help from Hindus of Mysore during the reign of Tipu Sultan in 1786 who again was committing atrocities on Hindus.

The Marathas had lived in the Desh region around Pune for a long time, in the western portion of the Deccan, where the plateau meets the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats.

However, all of Salsette fell to the Marathas who ruled over the region ( including Bandra ) for 2 decades.

Nevertheless, he resolved to attack at once, believing that if he waited for Stevenson, the Marathas would have the chance to slip away and force the pursuit to drag on.

In the south, the Nizam of Hyderabad had enlisted the support of the French for his war against the Marathas.

After the first Anglo-Maratha war, Warren Hastings declared in 1783 that the peace established with the Marathas was on such a firm ground that it was not going to be shaken for years to come.

Foreign officers were responsible for the handling of the imported guns ; the Marathas never trained their own men in any considerable numbers for the purpose.

The desperate Pindaris expected the Marathas to help them, but none dared to give them even a place of shelter for their families.

Mountstuart Elphinstone mentions the capture of Sinhagadh in his diary entry for 13 February 1818: " The garrison contained no Marathas, but consisted of 100 Arabs, 600 Gosains, and 400 Konkani.

Despite the boast of Lord Moira to the British parliament on having increased the state coffers, the Gurkha War had in reality cost more than the combined cost of the campaigns against the Marathas and the Pindaris for which Lord Moira's administration is better known: Sicca Rs.

It came under Portuguese sway for a brief time before being re-conquered by the Muslim allies of the Mughals, and was later conquered by the Marathas, who made it one of their strategic centers because it guarded the entrance to Mumbai and the western coast of India.

Sir Richard Temple in his book Shivaji and the Rise Marathas wrote about Shivaneri: You will see what a rugged precipitous place this is and what a fitting spot it was for a hero to be born in!

The Hindu Marathas long had lived in the Desh region around Satara, in the western portion of the Deccan plateau, where the plateau meets the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats mountains.

The relations between Vijayanagar and the Hindu Pad Padshahi of the Marathas can be found elsewhere as well.

These states were submitted to the Scindhia dynasty of the Maratha Empire, with various Sikh and Hindu rulers paying tribute to the Marathas.

In the aftermath of the fall of Bassein, many Catholics were heavily taxed by the Marathas who used the money to feed Brahmins and to conduct a massive re-conversion campaign aimed at bringing them back into the Hindu fold.

Through this treaty, the Marathas controlled virtually the whole of India from their capital at Pune and Mughal rule was restricted only to Delhi ( the Mughals remained the nominal heads of Delhi ).

Under their rule, Mysore fought a series of wars sometimes against the combined forces of the British and Marathas, but mostly against the British, with Mysore receiving some aid or promise of aid from the French.

However, their rule was interrupted by Marathas who carried six expeditions in Bengal from 1741 to 1748 as a result of which Bengal became a vassal state of Marathas.

Due to the historical rule of the Marathas, Marathi is spoken by a substantial number of people.

Initially deriving from the western Deccan, the Marathas were a peasant warrior group that rose to prominence during the rule in that region of the sultans of Bijapur and Ahmadnagar.

Marathas under Shivaji directly challenged the foreign rule of the Bijapur Sultanate and ultimately the mighty Mughal empire.

From the mid-16th century to the early 18th century, the Nimar region ( including East Nimar ), was under the rule or influence of Aurangzeb, Bahadur Shah ( Mughals ), the Peshwas, Sindhia, Bawaniya, Holkar and Pawar ( Marathas ), Pindaris etc.

Shivaji led resistance efforts to free the Marathas from the Muslim Sultanate of Bijapur and established rule of the native Marathas.

This region was under the rule of the Mauryas, the Nalas, the Silaharas, the Chalukyas, the Kadambas, the Portuguese, the Marathas and subsequently the British.

Perched in the midst of the Shivalik mountain range, this temple is believed to have been built during the rule of the Marathas.

Ultimately a weakened royal household of the sinsinwar ( or sansanwal ) royal household saw the area come under first the Marathas, then a European mercenary, again the Maratha and subsequently the predominance of the British who continued to rule it until independence with portions of it being awarded intermittently to the JatSikh king of Jind or his subordinate Jamindars / Jagirdars.

Panvel is about 300 years old, developed around trade routes ( both land and sea ), during the Mughal rule and hence after by the Marathas, the British and the Portuguese.

During this period India is estimated to have had the largest economy of the ancient and medieval world between the 1st and 17th centuries AD, controlling between one third and one fourth of the world's wealth up to the time of the Marathas, from whence it rapidly declined during European rule.

However, following the defeat of the Portuguese at the hands of the Marathas and the advent of Maratha rule, the Catholics were discriminated against by the state administration.