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Page "Geography of Cambodia" ¶ 8
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Mekong and Valley
The Khmers, vassals of Funan, had reached the Mekong River from the northern Menam River via the Mun River Valley.
Also, many Laotians living in the Mekong Valley have relatives and friends in Thailand.
In the second half of the 8th century, Nan-chao intervened frequently in the affairs of the principalities of the middle Mekong Valley, resulting in the occupation of Muang Sua in 709.
In the second half of the eighth century, Nanzhao intervened frequently in the affairs of the principalities of the middle Mekong Valley, resulting in the occupation of Muang Sua in 709.
Recent historical research has shown that the Mongols, who destroyed Nanzhao in 1253 and made the area a province of their empire — naming it Yunnan — exercised a decisive political influence in the middle Mekong Valley for the better part of a century.
Lao ceramics were first uncovered in 1970 at a construction site at kilometer 3, Thadeua Road in the Vientiane area, Mekong Valley, Laos.
Lao ceramics were first uncovered in 1970 at a construction site at kilometer 3, Thadeua Road in the Vientiane area, Mekong Valley, Laos.
By 1999, more than 70 % of the area along the Mekong River Valley were of these newer strains.
The forerunners of the modern Tai peoples of Thailand and Laos displaced the indigenous Austro-Asiatic and Negrito inhabitants and established their own kingdoms, with the Lao concentrated along the Mekong River Valley and the predecessors to the Siamese states settling along the Chao Phraya River Valley.

Mekong and which
Dominant features are the large, almost centrally located, Tonle Sap ( Great Lake ) and the Mekong River, which traverses the country from north to south and is the 12th longest river in the world.
To the southeast of this great basin is the Mekong Delta, which extends through Vietnam to the South China Sea.
To the southeast, the basin joins the Mekong Delta, which, extending into Vietnam, provides both water and land communications between the two countries.
Most of the western border of Laos is demarcated by the Mekong River, which is an important artery for transportation.
The Mekong River, which both sides have an interest in making a " river of true peace and friendship " — as their respective prime ministers called for in 1976 — also provides a north – south artery during the rainy season.
The Mekong, which is 4, 220 kilometers long, is one of the 12 great rivers of the world.
At this time, Vietnam was only just beginning to occupy the Mekong Delta, former territory of the Indianized kingdom of Champa which they had defeated in 1471.
He further dismantled the private armies of the Cao Đài and Hòa Hảo religious sects, which controlled parts of the Mekong Delta.
Đình was put in charge of the fake coup and was allowed the additional control of the 7th Division based in Mỹ Tho, south of the capital, which was previously assigned to Diệm loyalist General Huỳnh Văn Cao, who was in charge of the IV Corps in the Mekong Delta.
On 15 September 1964, Thiệu became the commander of IV Corps, which oversaw the Mekong Delta region of the country, and three divisions.
Vietnamese armies also raided the Mekong Delta, which the decaying Khmer Empire could no longer defend.
Việt settlers also arrived in the sparsely populated area known as " Water Chenla ", which was the lower Mekong Delta portion of Chenla ( present-day Cambodia ).
A good example is the Lower Mekong basin which runs through Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.
* the Mekong ( Lancang ), which flows from Tibet into the South China Sea forming the boundaries between Laos and Burma, between Laos and Thailand and through Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam
The Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve ( SNNR ), also referred to as the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve, or the Three Rivers Nature Reserve, is the area of Qinghai province, PRC which contains the headwaters of the Yellow River ( Huang He ), the Yangtze River ( Chang Jiang ), and the Mekong River ( Lancang Jiang ).
The kingdom prospered with riverine traffic along the Mekong and over-land caravan routes to the ports of Siam, which had emerged as a bustling entrepôt of sea-bourne trade, and to southern China and other Tai mueang.
The Loei River, which flows through the province, is a tributary of the Mekong, which forms the northern boundary of the province with neighboring Laos.
The African Pied Wagtail ( and possibly the Mekong Wagtail ) diverged prior to the massive radiation of the white-bellied black-throated and most yellow-bellied forms, all of which took place during the late Piacenzian ( early Late Pliocene ), approximately around 3 mya.
Within the wagtail genus Motacilla, the White Wagtail's closest relatives appear to be other black-and-white wagtails such as the Japanese Wagtail, Motacilla grandis, and the White-browed Wagtail, Motacilla madaraspatensis, ( and possibly the Mekong Wagtail, Motacilla samveasnae, the phylogenetic position of which is mysterious ) with which it appears to form a superspecies.
The province is located in the valley of the Mae Nam Kong ( Mekong river ), which also forms the border with Laos.
At Khong Chiam the Mun river, the biggest river of the Khorat Plateau, joins the Mekong, which forms the north-eastern boundary of Thailand with Laos.
During the monsoon season, however, the Tonlé Sap river, which connects the lake with the Mekong river, reverses its flow.

Mekong and communication
The Mekong has thus not been an obstacle but a facilitator for communication, and the similarities between Laos and northeast Thai society — same people, same language — reflect the close contact that has existed across the river for centuries.
For centuries these topographical features not only rendered north-south communication difficult but also formed an effective natural barrier for the containment of the people living in the Mekong basin.

Mekong and route
Simultaneous attacks around the perimeter of Phnom Penh pinned down Republican forces, while other CPK units overran fire bases controlling the vital lower Mekong resupply route.
As a landlocked country, Laos possesses no ports or harbours on the sea, and the difficulty of navigation on the Mekong means that this is also not a significant transport route.
Eventually this new route extended past Siem Prang and reached the Mekong River near Stung Treng.
Boten is an important border crossing with China ( Mohan ), and provides an export route from China, via Xien Kok, loading from trucks into boats on the Mekong.
The river was an 18th century migration route for the re-peopling of the Khorat Plateau, by ethnic Lao people from the left ( east ) bank of the Mekong resettling on the right bank.
Now en route to the Parada system in the Gamma Quadrant, O ' Brien is being pursued by the Mekong.

Mekong and between
Ferry service between hundreds of islands and the mainland is available, as well as across navigable rivers, such as Chao Phraya and Mae Khong ( Mekong ).
At its height in the 9th century, the kingdom controlled the lands between what is now modern Huế, to the northern reaches of the Mekong Delta in Southern Vietnam.
The main part of the city consists of four main roads located on a peninsula between the Nam Khan and Mekong rivers.
This cliff also marks the watershed between the Chao Phraya and the Mekong rivers.
Over ninety percent of the Hani live in the southwestern Chinese province of Yunnan, scattered across the Ailao Mountains between the Mekong River and the Red River ( Yuanjiang ).
This boundary, which was used until 1910, ran between the headwaters of the Mekong and Yangtse rivers.
The most likely homeland of the Hmong – Mien languages ( aka Miao – Yao languages ) is in Southern China between the Yangtze and Mekong rivers, but speakers of these languages may have migrated from Central China either as part of the Han Chinese expansion or as a result of exile from an original homeland by Han Chinese.
Lao settlers might gradually moved across the Mekong into northern Isan between the 14th and 16th centuries.
The town lies on the Mekong river opposite Chiang Khong in Thailand being the northernmost border crossing between the two countries.
As of 2008, Chinese goods destined for Thailand had to be ferried across the Mekong River between Chiang Khong and Huay Xai and many shippers have expressed their concerns that the ferry costs and Lao customs duties were too expensive, and traders also complained about the lengthy time required for Lao customs procedures and inspections.
The current area of greatest agreement is that the languages appeared in the region between the Yangtze and Mekong rivers, but there is reason to believe that speakers migrated there from further north with the expansion of the Han Chinese.
Orange: March to May Dark green: May to September Red: October to February Shaded region: spawning region of the southern Mekong population between Khone Falls and Kratié ( city ) | Kratie
It was a joint operation between United States and South Vietnamese forces which was conceived by Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr., Commander, Naval Forces, Vietnam ( COMNAVFORV ), and it was intended to disrupt North Vietnamese supply lines in and around the Mekong Delta.
Geographically, Bến Tre is wedged between the two main branches of the Tiền Giang River, which is itself one of the two main branches of the Mekong.
Lying on the coast between the mountains of southern central Vietnam and the alluvial plains of the Mekong Delta, it dominated the approaches to the port of Vung Tau and the main highway to the capital.
On 2 June 2005, at the invitation of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Water Resources, MRC CEO Dr. Olivier Cogels and a delegation of the Secretariat's senior staff made the first official visit to Beijing to hold technical consultations under the framework of cooperation between China and the MRC, within the scope of the Mekong Programme. The delegation identified a number of potential areas of cooperation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Communication, Information and Transport.
" Relationships within and between the Mekong Region in the context of globalisation.
* Past surveys indicate that 30 to 35 percent of all prostitutes in the Mekong sub-region of Southeast Asia are between 12 and 17 years of age.
The scheme diverts water from the Nam Theun, a tributary of the Mekong River, to the Xe Bang Fai River, enabling a generation capacity of, from a difference in elevation between the reservoir and the power station.
Ngul-chu ), Mekong ( Da-chu ), Yangtze ( Dri-chu ) and Yalong ( Dza-chu ) rivers, all arising on the Tibetan Plateau, pass between six parallel ranges of mountains that form the watersheds for these rivers.

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