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The Mogao Caves or Mogao Grottoes (), also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas (), form a system of 492 temples southeast of the center of Dunhuang, an oasis strategically located at a religious and cultural crossroads on the Silk Road, in Gansu province, China.
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Mogao and Caves
Paradise of Bhaishajyaguru discovered at the Mogao Caves.
* Some 24, 000 + scrolls, manuscripts, paintings, scriptures, and relics from the Mogao Caves, including the Diamond Sutra-claimed by the People's Republic of China
Beginning in the 1920s and 1930s, Marc Aurel Stein and others found thousands of scrolls in the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang.
Stein's greatest discovery was made at the Mogao Caves also known as " Caves of the Thousand Buddhas ", near Dunhuang in 1907.
* The Diamond Sūtra, a woodblock printed Buddhist scripture dated 868, is discovered by Aurel Stein in the Mogao Caves in China ; it is " the earliest complete survival of a dated printed book ".
Mogao Caves ( China )
* Buddhist monk Lè Zūn has a vision of " golden rays of light shining down on 1, 000 Buddha's ", resulting in the creation of the Mogao Caves.
A 10th century mural painting in the Mogao Caves at Dunhuang showing monastic architecture from Mount Wutai, Tang Dynasty ; Japanese architecture of this period was influenced by Tang Chinese architecture
Zhang Qian taking leave from emperor Han Wudi, for his expedition to Central Asia from 138 to 126 BC, Mogao Caves mural, 618 – 712 AD.
705 — Dunhuang Star Chart, a manuscript star chart from the Mogao Caves at Dunhuang
Apsaras are often depicted as flying figures in the mural paintings and sculptures of Buddhist cave sites in China such as in the Mogao Caves, Yulin Caves, and the Yungang and Longmen Grottoes.
* The Diamond Sūtra, a woodblock printed Buddhist scripture dated 868, is discovered by Aurel Stein at the Mogao Caves, near Dunhuang in China ; it is " the earliest complete survival of a dated printed book ".
* 120 BCE: The Chinese Emperor Han Wudi ( 156 – 87 BCE ) receives two golden statues of the Buddha, according to inscriptions in the Mogao Caves, Dunhuang.
For centuries, Buddhist monks at Dunhuang collected scriptures from the West, and many pilgrims passed through the area, painting murals inside the Mogao Caves or " Caves of a Thousand Buddhas.
A number of Buddhist cave sites are located in the Dunhuang area, the most important of these is the Mogao Caves which is located 25 km southwest of Dunhuang.
# REDIRECT Mogao Caves
# REDIRECT Mogao Caves
The Mogao Caves are the best known of the Chinese Buddhist grottoes and, along with Longmen Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes, are one of the three famous ancient Buddhist sculptural sites of China.
Mogao and Grottoes
The Mogao Caves near Dunhuang in Gansu province, the Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang in Henan and the Yungang Grottoes near Datong in Shanxi are the most renowned examples from the Northern, Sui and Tang Dynasties.
This includes Buddhist sites such as the Yungang Grottoes, the Longmen Grottoes, and the Mogao Caves.
15 The Mogao Grottoes Cave # 257
The Longmen Grottoes, the Mogao Caves and the Yungang Grottoes consist of hundreds of caves many with statues of Buddha in them.
Mogao and known
In the 1920s, Japanese scholar Yabuki Keiki produced an edition based on one of the Mogao Caves texts ( the only one known at the time ), dividing the text into fifty-seven sections.
Mogao and temples
Cave temples of Mogao: art and history on the silk road.
Mogao and Dunhuang
There are 735 caves in Mogao, and the caves in Mogao are particularly noted for their Buddhist art as well as the hoard of manuscripts, the Dunhuang manuscripts, found hidden in a sealed-up cave.
The construction of the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang is generally taken to have begun sometime in the fourth century AD.
During late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, Western explorers began to show interest in the ancient Silk Road and the lost cities of Central Asia, and those who passed through Dunhuang noted the murals and artifacts such as the Stele of Sulaiman at Mogao.
Historian Xiang Da then persuaded Yu Youren, a prominent member of the Kuomintang ( Chinese Nationalist Party ), to set up an institution, Research Institute of Dunhuang Art ( which later became the Dunhuang Academy ), at Mogao in 1944 to look after the site and its contents.
An 8th century Chinese fresco at Mogao Caves near Dunhuang in Gansu portrays Emperor Wu of Han ( r. 141 – 87 BCE ) worshiping statues of a golden man ; " golden men brought in 121 BCE by a great Han general in his campaigns against the nomads ".
For example, masses of pipa-playing Buddhist semi-deities are depicted in the wall paintings of the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang.
Murals in Mogao Caves in Dunhuang describe the Emperor Han Wudi ( 156-87 BCE ) worshipping Buddhist statues, explaining them as " golden men brought in 120 BCE by a great Han general in his campaigns against the nomads ", although there is no other mention of Han Wudi worshipping the Buddha in Chinese historical literature.
Depicted in Dunhuang Mogao Caves, Western Xia Dynasty.
1849-1931 ) was a Taoist priest and abbot of the Mogao Caves at Dunhuang during the early 20th century.
The other two grottoes are the Yungang Caves near Datong in Shanxi Province, and the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang in Gansu Province in west China.
Mogao and at
A large number of the caves were constructed at Mogao during this era, including the two large statues of Buddha at the site, the largest one constructed in 695 following an edict a year earlier by Tang Empress Wu Zetian to build giant statues across the country.
Most of the Mogao caves were abandoned, the site however was still a place of pilgrimage and used as a place of worship by local people at the beginning of the twentieth century when there was renewed interest in the site.
In 1956, the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, Zhou Enlai, took a personal interest in the caves and sanctioned a grant to repair and protect the site ; and in 1961, the Mogao Caves were declared to be a specially protected historical monument by the State Council, and large-scale renovation work at Mogao began soon afterwards.
Khotan enjoyed close relations with the Buddhist centre at Dunhuang: the Khotanese royal family intermarried with Dunhuang élites, visited and patronised Dunhuang's Buddhist temple complex, and donated money to have their portraits painted on the walls of the Mogao grottos.
Vajrapani Painting at Mogao Caves's Hidden Library, Dunhuang, China Power and anger personified.
Warner arrived at the Mogao Caves in Tun-huang in January 1924 and, armed with a special chemical solution for detaching wall-paintings, he removed twenty-six Tang dynasty masterpieces from caves 335, 321, 323 & 320.
* Aurel Stein discovers the Diamond Sūtra, a woodblock printed Buddhist scripture dated 868, at the Mogao Caves, near Dunhuang ; it is " the earliest complete survival of a dated printed book ".
The sutras date from between 635 AD, the year of Alopen's arrival in China, and around 1000 AD when the cave at Mogao near Dunhuang in which the documents were discovered was sealed.
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